PHOTOSYNTHESIS
What is the
MAIN
purpose of
photosynthesis?
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
What is the
MAIN
purpose of
photosynthesis?
To make:
GLUCOSE
(food)
Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen
What organisms can make their
own food?
What organisms can make their own
food?
AUTOTROPHS (PRODUCERS)
Auto=self Troph=feeder
Example: Plants
What organisms must obtain their food?
What organisms must obtain their food?
HETEROTROPHS (CONSUMERS)
Hetero=different
Troph=feeder
Examples: Mushrooms, cows, bacteria, humans, fish, birds
• How is energy stored and released
from ATP?
• Where is the chemical bond broken to
release energy?
•
•
How is energy stored and released from ATP?
Where is the chemical bond broken to release
energy?
Energy is stored in chemical bonds and released
when bond is broken between 2nd & 3rd
Phosphate groups.
1
2
3
Why is ATP compared to a battery?
ATP contains energy like a battery
ADP + P (Uncharged Battery)
2 phosphate groups has low energy
ATP (Charged Battery)
3 phosphate groups has high energy
What color wavelengths are best
for photosynthesis?
What color wavelengths are best for photosynthesis?
VIOLET &
BLUE
What is important about absorbed and
reflected light?
Green is
reflected by
the green
chlorophyll
(pigment/
protein)
Absorbed
Light is
Used
Light!!!
Which kind of wavelength has more energy?
Longer?
or
Shorter?
Which kind of wavelength has more energy?
Longer
or
Shorter
What are pigments?
What do pigments do?
What are pigments?
What do pigments do?
Pigments are proteins!
Pigments absorb light!
What makes plants green?
What makes plants green?
CHLOROPHYLL (Pigment)
What are the 3
reactants in the
photosynthesis
chemical reaction?
Think: What 3 things
are needed to make
a plant grow?
What are the 3 reactants
in the photosynthesis
chemical reaction?
• Sunlight
• H₂O
• CO₂
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
_____+ _____+ _____ → _______ + ___
REACTANTS
→
PRODUCTS
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
YOU MUST KNOW THIS CHEMICAL REACTION!!!!!
REACTANTS
→
PRODUCTS
What is oxygen in the
photosynthesis process?
What is oxygen in the
photosynthesis process? WASTE PRODUCT!!
Scientists of Photosynthesis
Intentionally left blank
Who conducted the experiment that determined
plant growth needed water and was important part
of photosynthesis equation?
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Van Helmont
Hint: “H” for H2O
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Van Helmont’s experiment concluded that the plant must
have gotten its additional mass from H2O since that was all
that the plant received.
Who conducted the experiment that determined
plants release oxygen (O₂) and was an important
part of the photosynthesis equation?
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Priestly
(Think: Priests put candles in churches)
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O₂
Priestly found the plant released OXYGEN from his
experiment keeping mouse and flame alive.
Potato is
used as
the
control
Who conducted the experiment that determined
plants need sunlight and was an important part of
the photosynthesis equation?
Ingenhouz Hint: think “light house”
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Ingenhouz repeated Priestly’s experiment but tried it with and without
sunlight to see if that was necessary. He found sunlight was an important
part of photosynthesis.
Who conducted the experiment that determined that
photosynthesis had a cycle that created glucose from CO₂ and
was an important part of the photosynthesis equation?
CO₂
?
GLUCOSE
CO₂
GLUCOSE
Calvin
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Calvin came up with the Calvin Cycle and showed how plants
take ATP and NADPH to change CO2 →C6H12O6 (glucose)
What is this organelle?
Complete this diagram of photosynthesis
CO₂
H₂O
SUNLIGHT
Uncharged Batteries
Calvin
Cycle
Thylakoids
Light Dependent
Reaction
ATP
Light
Independent
Reaction
NADPH
Charged Batteries
PRODUCTS
GLUCOSE + OXYGEN
O₂
(waste product)
C₆ H₁₂ O₂
(glucose)
REACTANTS
CO2 + H2O +
ENERGY
LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION
(NEEDS SUNLIGHT)
WHY IS
SUNLIGHT
NEEDED?
LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION
(NEEDS SUNLIGHT)
WHY IS SUNLIGHT
NEEDED?
To break down,
BLOW UP
WATER (H2O)
to make
ATP & NADPH
(energy)
How is energy carried in ATP?
How is energy carried in NADPH?
How is energy carried in ATP?
How is energy carried in NADPH?
In the CHEMICAL BOND
of the ATP molecule
In the H+ Protons and
Electrons
LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION
(DOES NOT NEED SUNLIGHT BUT CAN TAKE
PLACE IN SUNLIGHT)
Where does
Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆
get its carbon,
hydrogen, and
oxygen in the
Calvin Cycle?
Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆
LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION
(DOES NOT NEED SUNLIGHT BUT CAN TAKE
PLACE IN SUNLIGHT)
Where does
Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆
get its carbon,
hydrogen, and
oxygen in the
Calvin Cycle?
From CO2 +
HADPH
Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆
Where does the Calvin Cycle
(Light Independent Reaction) take place?
CO₂
12 PGA
RuBP
CALVIN
CYCLE
10
10PGAL
PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE
12 PGAL
Where does the Calvin Cycle
(Light Independent Reaction) take place?
CO₂
12 PGA
RuBP
CALVIN
CYCLE
10
10PGAL
PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE
The area
(space) located
outside the
Thylakoids in
the chloroplast.
12 PGAL
“The Stroma is the
space where the
cycle takes place.”
Must know the flow of carbon molecules
through the Calvin Cycle
CO₂
12 PGA
RuBP
Energy needed
to rearrange
PGA into PGAL
CALVIN
CYCLE
10
10PGAL
PGAL
12 PGAL
2 PGAL
Purpose of
photosynthesis to make
Glucose
GLUCOSE
Must know the flow of carbon molecules
through the Calvin Cycle
Let’s simplify it!!!
RuBP
CO₂
PGA
CALVIN
CYCLE
10 PGAL
ATP & NADPH
(Energy)
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE
C₆H₁₂O₆
How many times does the Calvin Cycle go
around to make glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?
CO₂
12 PGA
RuBP
CALVIN
CYCLE
10
10PGAL
PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE
12 PGAL
How many times does the Calvin Cycle go
around to make glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?
CO₂
12 PGA
RuBP
CALVIN
CYCLE
10
10PGAL
PGAL
2 PGAL
GLUCOSE
12 PGAL