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Acids and Bases Guided Notes
5a: Properties of acids and bases
 What are properties of acids and bases
o Every acid and every base is an _____________ in an aqueous solution
o Acids react with ___________ to release __________ gas
o An acid is an element with a ______________ ion (ex: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4)
o A base contains an ____ ion.
 How do acids and bases generate electricity?
o Acid + ______  _______ + Water
o When you dissolve an _______ compound in a solution, it breaks apart into its
____________. These ionic compounds (salt) make it possible to generate
__________.
 What happens when an acid and base react? What is produced?
o Acids __________ (give) a H+ to solution
o Bases __________ (take) a H+ from the solution
5b: Chemical reaction equations using Acids and Bases
 What do acids and bases do in chemical reactions?
o An acid is a substance that _____________ up a hydrogen ion to another substance
o Water can act as an acid since it sometimes gives up a _______________ (H+) ion
o A base is a substance that ________________ a hydrogen ion from another
substance
o Acids react with the base to form water and the ________________ base
 How do you know which reactant acts as an acid and which acts as a base? And what is the
conjugate acid and conjugate base?
5c. Properties of strong acids/bases
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 What makes something a strong acid/base
o A strong base ___________ releases __________ ions
o A strong acid/base ___________________________ when dissolved in water
o A weak acid/base _____________ dissociates in water
o An example of a ____________ acid is ______________ acid because it
completely dissociates
o An example of a ____________ acid is _____________ acid because it partially
dissociates
o An example of a _____________ base is NaOH because it completely dissociates
o An example of a __________ base is _________ because it partially dissociates
5d. pH scale
 What is the pH scale and what is considered basic and acidic on the scale?
o The pH scale measures the __________________ of H+ (hydrogen ions) in a
solution. The scale runs from 0-14. An __________ has a pH of 0-7, with 0 being the
strongest acid and 7 being the weakest acid. A ___________ has a pH of 7-14, with
14 being the strongest and 7 being the weakest.
 What factors is the pH scale measured by?
o Increments of 10s
 How do you find hydronium/hydroxide ion concentration?
o When the concentration of hydronium ions increases, the concentration of hydroxide
ions decreases
o Example:
pH:
Hydronium [H3O+]
Hydroxide [OH-]
pOH:
1
2
3
4
10-1
______
10-3
10-4
_______
10-12
10-11
_______
13
12
_____
10
 How do you calculate these?
pH = -log [H3O+]
pH + _______ = 14