Science Starter:
•Get notes from front.Periodic Table
on RIGHT side. Notes on LEFT side.
Update table of contents:
14 Periodic Table 1.2
15
Periodic Table Families 1.3
•Send someone from group up to get
ALIEN
Periodic Table.
Science Starter:
Go to my website and click on science
starter article for TUESDAY!
SAVE to desktop-if no laptop see me
for paper copy
If absent yesterday
see me! Update table of contents:
14 Periodic Table 1.2
15 Periodic Table Families 1.3
Today’s Objectives:
Read closely to learn structure
of Periodic Table and begin
Color coding PT
Science Starter:
Elements in a group have…
a. A wide range of chemical
properties
b. The same atomic radius
c. Similar chemical properties
d. The same number of protons
•Go to WED on my WEBSITE if you
want to follow with PowerPoint
OPEN ISN to 14 PERIODIC TABLE
Today’s learning objective•Understand the organization
of PT and explain patterns of
periods & groups
Reading the Periodic Table
Lesson 1.2
A way of organizing & classifying
elements
• Dmitri Mendeleev-Russian chemist
• Arranged in rows and columns based on
repeating patterns of properties & atomic
number
• Color of chemical symbol indicates state of
element at room temperature-white=gas,
blue=liquid, black=solid
• Background color=whether element is
metal, nonmetal, metalloid
Columns
• The vertical (up and
down) columns of the
periodic table (there are
18) are called groups or
families.
• Elements in the same
group or family have
similar characteristics or
properties.
Rows
• The horizontal rows of the periodic table are
called periods.
• Elements in a period are not alike in
properties.
• The first element in a period is usually an
active solid, and the last element in a period
is always an inactive gas.
Rows
• Atomic size (number of protons) decreases
from left to right across a period.
• Atomic mass (number of protons)
increases from left to right across a period.
Rows
• Metals are on the left
• Non-metals are on the right
Elements that have not yet been named have
temporary 3 letter symbols
Color the square for
Hydrogen pink.
Lightly color all metals
yellow.
Place black dots in the
squares of all alkali
metals.
1 ALKALI METALS
•very reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature
•malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and
electricity.
•Low density; softer than most other metals (can be cut
w/ a knife)
•can explode if they are exposed to water
•1 outer electron
•Used in soap, fertilizers, and medicine
Draw a black triangle in each
box in the group of alkaline
earth metals.
ALKLINE EARTH
METALS
•not found free in nature
•Metals; Silver colored
•very reactive (but less reactive than alkali
metals)
•2 outer electrons
•Used in electronics, antacids, fireworks,
x-rays and metal alloys
Draw black diagonal line
across element box of
transition metals!
TRANSITION
METALS
Groups 3-12
•ductile and malleable, shiny,
and conduct electricity and heat
•iron, cobalt, and nickel, are the
only elements known to produce
a magnetic field.
•1 or 2 outer electrons
•Used in jewelry, wires, coins,
metal alloys
RARE EARTH
ELEMENTS:
Lanthanides
and Actinides
Shade these in RED.
•many are man-made
•Transitions metals-placed at bottom so not too wide
•Lanthanides: shiny & reactive
•Actinides: ALL RADIOACTIVE & unstable
•Elements 95-103 are manufactured in a lab
OTHER
METALS
•are ductile and malleable
•are solid, have a relatively
high density, and are opaque
•They are part of groups
13-16
METALLOIDS:
Trace zigzag line
in black than
color purple
B. Si, Ge, As, Sb,
Te, Po, At
•have properties of both metals and nonmetals
•some of the metalloids, such as silicon and
germanium, are semi-conductors. This
means that they can carry an electrical
charge under special conditions. This
property makes metalloids useful in
computers and calculators
NON-METALS
color these
elements green
•not able to conduct electricity or
heat very well
•very brittle, and cannot be rolled
into wires or pounded into
sheets
•exist in two of the three states
of matter at room temperature:
gases (such as oxygen) and
solids (such as carbon).
•have no metallic luster, and do
not reflect light.
Group 13: BORON FAMILY
uses: cooking, LCD displays, poisons
Group 14: CARBON FAMILY
uses: graphite, diamonds, plumbing
Group 15: NITROGEN FAMILY
uses: refrigerant, make-up, medicines
Group 16: OXYGEN FAMILY
uses: medicines, water treatment, nukes, fungicide,
printers, solar panels
HALOGENS:
Color these
ORANGE
•"halogen" means "salt-former"
and compounds containing halogens are
called "salts"
•7 outer level electrons
•Nonmetals, very reactive
•exist in all three states of matter:
•Solid- Iodine, Astatine
•Liquid- Bromine
•Gas- Fluorine, Chlorine
USED in toothpaste, water treatment,
thyroid medicines
NOBLE GASES:
Color these in
BLUE
•Inert gases; unreactive
•Nonmetals
•Full valence electrons so do NOT
bond with others
•Found in lights, balloons,
electronics