Bacteria
The Bacterial Cell
Bacteria are
prokaryotes.
The genetic
material in
the cells is not
contained in a
nucleus.
Bacteria Structure:
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Flagella
Bacteria have 3 basic shapes:
Rod, Spherical, Spiral
Under favorable conditions, bacterial cells divides by fission once
every 20 minutes.
Binary fission is asexual reproduction.
Conjugation
is
sometimes
considered
sexual
reproductio
n in
bacterial
cells
because
two cells
combine
their
genetic
material.
Endospore: Small, rounded, thick-walled resting cell that
forms inside a bacterial cell. It contains the genetic material
and some cytoplasm. Formed when environmental conditions
are unfavorable for growth of bacteria so endospores are
formed. They can resist freezing, heating, and drying as well as
survive for many years.
Food
• Some bacteria make their
own food and are called
autotrophs.
Ex: Blue-Green Bacteria
and Chemosynthetic
bacteria
• Others are heterotrophs and
obtain food from decaying
organisms, milk, or meat.