Unit 3 Review Sheet Answers – Chapter 9,10,11
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Prophase- nucleus breaks down, chromosomes form from chromatin; Metaphase- chromosomes line up
down the equator(middle) of the cell; Anaphase- spindle fibers start to pull the sister chromatids to the
opposite poles; Telophase- spindle fibers have been pulled to the opposite ends of the cell and the
cytoplasm begins to split into two new cells.
The sister chromatids get pulled apart and pulled to the opposite poles
Cancer cells grow at a much faster rate than normal cells because they divide and make more cells
without going through interphase
Three reasons cells need to divide: Passive transport can only travel short distances, RNA can only move
short distances from the Nucleus, Cells’ surface area to volume ratio cant increase past a certain point.
In the synthesis stage of interphase, also called the “S”phase, DNA is replicated and synthesized (made)
Events of Telophase- Spindle Fibers have pulled the sister chromatids to the opposite poles, the cytoplasm
starts to divide down the middle, nuclei begin to reform, chromosomes loosen up back into chromatin
The daughter cells will have 15 chromosomes
Animal cells have Centrioles and Plants do not
Proteins called Cyclins regulate the cell cycle
Binary Fission is a form of asexual reproduction where a prokaryotic cell replicates its DNA and splits apart
into a new cell.
Metaphase is the shortest stage of mitosis
The steps of interphase are G1, S, and G2
The two parts of Cell division are Mitosis and Cytokinesis
The cell grows in the G1 stage of interphase
Stem cells are unspecialized so Doctors can use them for whatever they need them for
Spindle Fibers pull the Sister Chromatids of the Chromosome to the opposite poles in anaphase and
telophase
Human Body cells (somatic cells) have 46 chromosomes(Diploid) and the Gametes (sex cells) have 23
chromosomes(Haploid)
A Cell Plate forms in cytokinesis in a plant cell and it is the formation of a new cell wall
Chromosomes are two sister chromatids held together by a centromere
If a cell has 40 chromosomes and it goes through mitosis, its new cells will have 40 chromosomes as well
The end result of Meiosis is four haploid genetically different daughter cells
The end result of Mitosis is two diploid genetically identical daughter cells
DAFCEB
Mitosis = AFCEB
Cytokinesis isn’t shown
Hypertonic = Shrinks/Shrivels, Hypotonic = Swells
Proteins are made of Amino Acids
Enzymes help to speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy needed for the reaction to take
place
Photosynthesis = CO2 + H2O  C6H12O6 + O2
Apoptosis is programmed cell death