Lizzie Tollison, Bryan Bunch, Cam Epperson, Branch Henderson
Honors American History 3A

➔ U.S, Canada, Britain: Main contributors
➔ Albert Einstein- Denied the ability to work on the bomb directly.
◆ E=mc 2 created the fundamental idea, but doesn’t complete the project fully. (Puzzle pieces, but couldn’t finish the puzzle.)
◆
➔ Enrico Fermi- “the father of the bomb” was italian and originally thought to be a spy.
◆ The field of nuclear research began with his research of slow neutrons.

➔ Niels Bohr- The discovery of the “liquid drop” and uranium fission led to the development of the atomic bomb.
◆ Another factor was the three papers that explained the quantum theory of atoms.
➔ Other people were Richard Feynman, J. Robert Oppenheimer, and Harold Urey

The Atomic bomb uses fission, “splitting” the nuclei of elements such as plutonium or uranium to create a deadly explosion.
When the nuclei of the element splits, it creates energy in the form of thermal energy, gamma rays and neutrons that are released from the nucleus.
The repetition of this process is how the Atomic bomb creates the deadly power that is possesses.

Groups of scientists working on the structure and firing mechanisms and others worked on production of the fuel.
The volume of U-235 used in the first atomic bombs could be held in your hands
The result was an explosion equivalent to 40,000 conventional bombs

At first the research was based at only a few universities
Columbia University, the University of Chicago and the University of
California at Berkeley.
A breakthrough occurred in December 1942 when Fermi led a group of physicists to produce the first controlled nuclear chain reaction under the grandstands of stagg field at the University of Chicago.

Nuclear facilities were built at Oak Ridge, Tennessee and Hanford, Washington.
The main assembly plant was built at Los Alamos, New Mexico.
Robert Oppenheimer was put in charge of putting the pieces together at Los
Alamos.
Nearly $2 billion had been spent on research and development of the atomic bomb.
The Manhattan Project employed over 120,000 Americans.
Resulting in the bombs Little Boy and Fat Man

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=11e8XyUBqRQ

The first Atomic Bomb testing July 16, 1945 at 5:30 AM south of Albuquerque,
New Mexico.
This bomb created an explosive power of about 15,000-20,000 tons of TNT!
A month after testing this bomb 2 others were built that were used on Nagasaki and
Hiroshima, Japan

Bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Between 90,000 and 166,000 people died in Hiroshima Little Boy
Between 60,000 to 80,000 died in Nagasaki Fat Man
Health effects such as: blood disorders, cataracts, malignant tumors and keloids
Fat Man
Little Boy

Hall of fame
Achieved goal of atomic bomb
Technology is used in cat scans and chemo
Turning point in war

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