Name _______________________
IB SEHS
Date ______
Lab
Anatomy: The Skeletal System
Reference website: www.anatomyexpert.com
Types of Bones.
Bones are classified according to their shape. Each shape is associated with certain functions.
Identify the types of bones below (flat, long, short, irregular).
___________
___________
____________
_____________
Define each type of bone? Give examples of each.
Reference website http://www.teachpe.com/anatomy/types_of_bones.php
Long ______________________________________________________________
Short ______________________________________________________________
Irregular ___________________________________________________________
Flat _______________________________________________________________
Gross anatomy of a long bone. Label the figure below with the terms in the box.
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Medullary (marrow) cavity
Articular cartilage
Compact bone
Yellow bone marrow
Periosteum
Spongy (Cancellous) bone
Epiphyseal plate
Nutrient artery
What is the difference between red and yellow bone marrow?
Define the following terms:
Diaphysis ____________________________________________________________
Epiphysis _____________________________________________________________
Compact bone _________________________________________________________
Spongy bone __________________________________________________________
Medullary Cavity ________________________________________________________
Epiphyseal plate ________________________________________________________
Articular cartilage _______________________________________________________
Periosteum ____________________________________________________________
Nutrient Artery _________________________________________________________
Axial Skeleton
The axial skeleton is divided into five parts:
skull, hyoid bone, ossicles, vertebral column, and the thoracic cage
Identify the following structures of the
vertebral column in the figure to the right.
cervical vertebrae
thoracic vertebrae
lumbar vertebrae
sacrum
coccyx
atlas (C1)
axis (C2)
Label the bones of the thoracic cage.
true ribs (1-7)
false ribs (8-12)
floating ribs (11-12)
sternum
xiphoid process
manubrium
clavicle (appendicular skeleton)
scapula (appendicular skeleton)
Which type of vertebra has a larger body? Why?
What goes through the transverse foramen in a cervical
vertebra?
What goes through the vertebral foramen?
There are two cervical vertebrae that are different form the rest. Which ones are
they?
How are they different and why?
What is the purpose of the vertebral column?
The Thoracic Cage.
What is the purpose of the thoracic cage?
What distinguishes true ribs from false ribs?
Archeologists are able to identify skeletal remains by looking at certain features of the pelvic
girdle. Examine the figure below and answer the questions.
What explains the differences between the male and female pelvis? Why is this important?
How are the design of the pelvis and fontanels related to one another?
Web resource http://www.innerbody.com/image/skelfov.html
Appendicular Skeleton.
The pectoral girdle and the upper limb.
Label the figure to the right with the terms in the box.
pectoral girdle (circle it in the figure)
clavicle
scapula
humerus
radius
ulna
carpal bones
metacarpal bones (I to V)
phalanges
(proximal, middle, and distal)
Label the figures below with the terms in the box.
The pelvic girdle and lower limb.
pelvic girdle (circle it in the figure)
os coxae (ilium, ischium, and pubis)
femur
tibia
fibula
patella
tarsal bones
metatarsal bones (I to V)
phalanges
(proximal, middle, and distal