Mr. Altorfer
Life Science
Eukaryotic Cells of Plants and
Animals
Plants!
Sixth Graders!
Eukaryotic Cells
 Eukaryotic Cells: Cells that have a
nucleus and membrane bound
organelles.
 Examples: Plant and animal cells.
 Plant and animal cells have some similar
and some different parts. Let’s take a
closer look!
Eukaryotic Cells
PLANT CELL
ANIMAL CELL
Eukaryotic Cells
 Cell Membrane- A protective covering
that holds the parts of the cell together.
 It separates the cell’s organelles from the
cell’s environment.
 Nutrients and waste material move in and
out of the cell through the cell membrane.
 FOUND IN BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL
CELLS!
Eukaryotic Cells
BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS CONTAIN A CELL MEMBRANE
Eukaryotic Cells
 Cell Wall- A rigid (hard and flexible)
structure found surrounding all plant
cells.
 Cell walls are not found in animal cells.
Some bacteria and fungi do have cell
walls.
Eukaryotic Cells
CELL WALLS HELP KEEP PLANTS UPRIGHT AND STANDING TALL!
Why don’t animal cells need cell walls?
Eukaryotic Cells
 Cytoplasm- The gel-like material that
supports the organelles of the cell.
 Cytoplasm is found in ALL cells.
Cytoplasm is a clear gel-like material.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Cytoskeleton- A web of proteins that
supports the cell.
 It keeps the cell’s membranes from
collapsing.
 The cytoskeleton is found in both plant
and animal cells.
Eukaryotic Cells
The cytoskeleton supports the cell. We will not be able to
see this structure.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Nucleus- A large organelle that controls
the daily activities of the cell.
 The cell’s DNA (genetic material) is
contained in the nucleus.
 Nucleolus- Contained within the
nucleus. This is where ribosomes are
made.
Eukaryotic Cells
The nucleus is the control center of the cell.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Ribosomes- Organelles that make proteins
for the cell.
 Ribosomes are the smallest and most
numerous of all organelles.
 Some float freely around the cell while others
may be attached to membranes in the cell.
 Plant and animal cells both contain ribosomes.
Eukaryotic Cells
Ribosomes are very
small. They make
proteins for a cell.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Endoplasmic Reticulum- (ER) A series of
folded membranes that produce proteins, lipids
or other materials for the cell.
 The ER acts as an internal delivery system for
the cell. Substances move from place to place
in the cell by way of the ER.
 Plants and animal cells both contain ER.
Eukaryotic Cells
 There are two types of ER:
 Rough ER- Contains ribosomes.
 Smooth ER- Does not contain ribosomes.
Eukaryotic Cells
The Endoplasmic Reticulum is a series of tubes and
passageways that help to transport cellular materials.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Mitochondria- The power source of a
cell.
 Sugar is broken down to produce energy.
 Both plant and animal cells have
mitochondria.
Eukaryotic Cells
Mitochondria are the power source of the cell.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Chloroplasts- Organelles found in plant
and algae cells that allows them to make
their own food from the sun.
 Photosynthesis- occurs in the
chloroplasts.
 Sunlight + CO2 + H2O = Sugar + O2
 Chloroplasts are NOT found in animal
cells!
Eukaryotic Cells
Chloroplast make food for plant cells through the process
of photosynthesis.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Golgi Complex- The organelle that
packages and distributes proteins.
 The Golgi complex looks like smooth ER.
 Both plants and animal cells contain
Golgi Complex.
Eukaryotic Cells
The Golgi
Complex help
to process
proteins.
Proteins need
to be packed
for shipment
to other cells.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Vesicle- A small sac that surrounds
material to be moved into or out of the
cell.
 Both plant and animal cells contain
vesicles.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Lysosomes- Organelles that contain
digestive enzymes.
 Old cell parts or waste materials are
digested inside lysosomes.
 Found mainly in animal cells, rarely found
in plant cells.
Eukaryotic Cells
Lysosomes help
to digest old worn
out cell parts.
Eukaryotic Cells
 Vacuoles- Vesicles that store food, water
and waste materials.
 Central Vacuoles- Found in plant cells.
Filled with water, these vacuoles help to
keep the plants stiff and rigid.
 Plant cells have very large central
vacuoles. Animal cells have small
vacuoles.
Eukaryotic Cells
Plant cells have
very large central
vacuoles. The
vacuoles are
filled with water
and help to
support the
plant.