Working with the Repetition Structure
and the With Statement
(Unit 9)
Visual Basic for Applications
Objectives
 In this unit, you will learn how to:
 Perform repetition using the
For…Next statement
 Perform repetition using the
For Each…Next statement
 Use the With statement to access the
properties and methods of an object
 Use the CurrentRegion and Resize
properties in Excel
Objectives
 In this unit, you will learn how to:
 Open, activate, and close a Word document using
VBA code
 Insert text in a Word document using VBA code
 Use the DoCmd object’s OutputTo and Close
methods in Access
 Save a report in Access as an HTML file
Concept Lesson:
Understanding the repetition structure and the With statement
 Like the sequence and selection structures, you already are
familiar with the repetition structure
 Programmers use the repetition structure, also called looping or
iteration, to direct the computer to repeat one or more
instructions either a precise number of times or until some
condition is met
The For…Next Statement
 You can use the VBA For…Next statement to include
a repetition structure in a procedure
 The For…Next statement begins with the For clause
and ends with the Next clause
 You can use the Exit For statement to exit the
For…Next loop prematurely
 You can nest For…Next statements, which means
that you can place one For…Next statement within
another For…Next statement
 In the syntax, counter is the name of the numeric
variable that will be used to keep track of the number
of times the loop instructions are processed
The For…Next Statement
 The startvalue, endvalue, and stepvalue items control
how many times the loop instructions should be
processed
 The startvalue tells the loop where to begin, the
endvalue tells the loop when to stop, and the
stepvalue tells the loop how much to add to (or
subtract from if the stepvalue is a negative number)
the counter each time the loop is processed
 The For clause’s startvalue, endvalue, and stepvalue
values must be numeric and they can be either
positive or negative, integer or non-integer
Syntax and an Example of the
For…Next Statement
Exhibit 9-1: The syntax and an example of the For…Next statement
Processing Steps for the Code
Shown in Exhibit 9-2
Exhibit 9-2: The processing steps for the code shown in Exhibit 9-1
The For Each…Next Statement
 You can use the VBA For Each…Next statement
to repeat a group of instructions for each object
in a collection
 In the syntax, element is the name of
the object variable used to refer to each object
in the collection, and group is the name of the
collection in which the object is contained
 The For Each clause first verifies that the group
contains at least one object
Syntax and Two Examples of
the For Each…Next Statement
Exhibit 9-3: The syntax and two examples of the For Each…Next statement
Processing Steps for the Code
Shown in Example 1 in Exhibit 9-3
Exhibit 9-4: The processing steps for the code shown in Example 1 in Exhibit 9-3
The For Each…Next Statement
Compare the examples shown
in Exhibit 9-5 with those shown
in Exhibit 9-4
Notice that the
For Each…Next statement
provides a more convenient way
of repeating a block of
instructions for each object in a
collection
Exhibit 9-5: The processing steps for the
code shown in Example 2 in Exhibit 9-3
The With Statement
The With statement provides
a convenient way of
accessing the properties and
methods of a single object
In the syntax, object is the
name of the object whose
properties or methods you
want to access
Exhibit 9-6: The syntax and an example
of the With statement
Summary
To use the For…Next statement to code the
repetition structure:
 Use the syntax shown in Exhibit 9-2, where
counter is the name of the numeric variable used
to keep track of the number of times
the loop instructions are processed. The
startvalue, endvalue, and stepvalue items control
how many times to process the
loop instructions
Summary
To use the For Each…Next statement to code the
repetition structure:
 Use the syntax shown in Exhibit 9-3, where
element is the name of the object variable that
will be used to refer to each object in the
collection, and group is the name of the
collection in which the object is contained
To use the With statement to access the
properties and methods of an object:
 Use the syntax shown in Exhibit 9-6, where
object is the name of the object whose
properties and methods you want to access
Excel Lesson:
Using the repetition structure and the
With statement in Excel
View the
workbook and
the
DisplaySales
procedure.
Exhibit 9-7: The Sales worksheet in the Monthly
Sales workbook
Modified Pseudocode for the DisplaySales
Procedure
Exhibit 9-8: The modified pseudocode for the DisplaySales procedure
The CurrentRegion
and Resize Properties
 You can use a Range object’s CurrentRegion
property to return a range that contains the entire
region in which the Range object resides
 The syntax of the CurrentRegion property is
rangeObject.CurrentRegion
 A region is defined as a block of cells bounded by
any combination of empty rows, empty columns,
and the edges of the worksheet
 You can use a Range object’s Resize property to
resize a range
The CurrentRegion
and Resize Properties
 In the syntax, rangeObject is the original
range, and rowsize and columnsize are the
number of rows and columns, respectively,
you want in the new range
Syntax and Examples of the
Resize Property
Exhibit 9-9: The syntax and examples of the Resize property
Word Lesson:
Using the repetition structure and the With
statement in Word
 The PrintAndRecordInfo macro will
require the use of two Word
documents: a Registration Form
document and a Participant List
document
 View the files and the
PrintAndRecordInfo procedure.
Opening, Activating, and
Closing a Document
 You use the Documents collection’s Open
method to open an existing document
 When multiple documents are open, only one
can be the active document
 You can use the Document object’s Activate
method to activate another document
 The syntax of the Activate method is
documentObject.Activate
 You use the Close method to close one or
more documents
Opening, Activating, and
Closing a Document
 In the syntax, expression can be either the
Documents collection or a Document object
Exhibit 9-10: The two versions of the Open method’s syntax
Syntax and Examples of the
Close Method
Exhibit 9-11: The syntax and examples of the Close method
Referring to the Main Text
Story in a Document
 You can use the Document object’s
Content property to return a Range object
that contains the document’s main text
story
 The syntax of the Content property is
documentObject.Content
Inserting Text in a Document
 You can use the InsertBefore and InsertAfter methods to
insert text in a document
 In the syntax, expression is either a Selection object or a
Range object, and string is the text you want to insert either
before (InsertBefore method) or after (InsertAfter method)
the object
Exhibit 9-12: The syntax and examples of the InsertBefore
and InsertAfter methods
Coding the
PrintAndRecordInfo Procedure
 The PrintAndRecordInfo procedure will need to
print the Registration Form document and also
record each participant’s name and address in the
Participant List document
Exhibit 9-13: The name and address information shown in the
Participant List document
Coding the
PrintAndRecordInfo Procedure
 The PrintAndRecordInfo procedure will use the
intAnother variable to store the value returned
by the MsgBox function
 It will use the docRegis and docList object
variables to store the address of the Registration
Form and Participant List documents,
respectively
Access Lesson:
Using the repetition structure and the
With statement in Access
 Begin by viewing the three reports
contained therein, and the code template
for the PostScores procedure
 You must open a report in Design View
before you can modify one of its controls
 The procedure will use the strName String
variable to store the value returned by the
InputBox function
Creating the
PostScores Procedure
Exhibit 9-14: The pseudocode for the PostScores procedure
Creating the
PostScores Procedure
Use the aobToPost AccessObject object variable in
the For Each…Next statement that refers to each
of the reports in the database
The DoCmd Object’s
OutputTo Method
 You can use the DoCmd object’s OutputTo method to
save a report in HTML format, allowing the report to
be published on the World Wide Web and then viewed
with a Web Browser, such as Microsoft Internet
Explorer
 In addition to using the OutputTo method to output a
report to an HTML file, you also can use it to output
other Access database objects (datasheets, forms,
modules, and data access pages) using other formats
 You enter the name of the object you want to output in
the ObjectName argument
Syntax of the DoCmd Object’s OutputTo
Method
Exhibit 9-15: The syntax of the DoCmd object’s OutputTo method
The DoCmd Object’s
OutputTo Method
 You use the OutputFormat argument to specify the type of
format you want used to output the data, and it can be one of
the intrinsic constants shown in the exhibit
 A token is a special code that indicates where to insert
output and other information in the outputfile
Exhibit 9-16: The syntax and examples of the DoCmd
object’s OutputTo method
The DoCmd Object’s
Close Method
 You can use the DoCmd object’s Close
method to close an open report
 The Close method’s ObjectType argument
specifies the type of object whose window
you want to close, and it can be one of the
intrinsic constants shown in Exhibit 9-17
Syntax and Examples of the
DoCmd Object’s Close Method
Exhibit 9-17: The syntax and examples of the DoCmd
object’s Close method
Completing the
PostScores Procedure
 According to Steps 2c and 2d in the
pseudocode shown in Exhibit 9-14, you
need to save a copy of each report in HTML
format and also close each report
 You can use the DoCmd object’s OutputTo
and Close methods in the procedure to
accomplish these tasks