BIO 208 Unit 1 Lecture 2
1
This outline is intended to facilitate your preparation for lecture. You should read or at least
skim the reading before lecture. This outline will NOT substitute for regular lecture attendance.
Lecture 2 - We will be talking about how Microbiology emerged as a modern science. CH 1: pp.
6-11 Brief History of Microbiology and pp. 405-406 Etiology of Infectious Disease.
II. How Did Microbiology Become A Science?
A. Discovery of Microbes
1. Ancient Chinese
2. Romans (1st Century BC)
*3. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1673) – “animalcules”
B. Battle Over Spontaneous Generation
1. Redi (1668)
2. Needham (1745) versus Spallanzani (1765)
*3. Louis Pasteur (1861) -
4. Tyndall (1877) -
BIO 208 Unit 1 Lecture 2
2
C. Germ Theory of Disease – Diseases are caused by microbes
1. Bassi (1835) –
2. Berkeley (1845) –
*3. Semmelweis (1840s) – childbed fever (Streptococcus agalactiae)
*4. Pasteur (1865) –
*5. Lister (1867) –
*6. Robert Koch (late 1880s) – one specific microbial agent causes one specific disease
1876 – Bacillus anthracis – anthrax
1882 – Mycobacterium tuberculosis – tuberculosis (TB)
1883 – Vibrio cholera - cholera
Koch's postulates – described on pp. 405-406
1. associate 2. isolate 3. inoculate 4. re-isolate D. Microbial Effects on Matter (not in your text so take good notes)
1. Schwann (1837) –
2. Pasteur (1857-1860) –
3. Winogradsky and Beijerinck (1887-1905) –
 microbes are involved in C, N, and S biogeochemical cycles in soil and aquatic environments
 bacteria have modes of metabolism very different from that of eucaryotes
Assignment to complete before next class:
• CH 1 Chapter end study questions:
– Review: 1, 4, 5j, m, n, p, 6, 8
– Multiple choice: 1-3
– Critical thinking: 2
– Clinical applications: 2
• Answers are available at The Microbiology Place (http://www.microbiologyplace.com/
see inside cover of your text)
We will not cover Ch. 2 so if your Chemistry is not so fresh please review Ch. 2 on your own.