North Korea’s nuclear program is a greater threat to the US because the proliferation will start
an arms race.
North Korea’s
•
•
•
•
•
Emily Averill
Committee
Members
-
Overview of Foreign Relations,
Allies and Enemies, and Works Consulted
Dan Biddle - Overview of Foreign Relations,
Committee members, Works Consulted, and
Table of Contents,Estimate of What the Program
is going to Look like in 1-3 Years
Maggie Carlson
- Overview of Nuclear
•
•
Jamie Dougherty
- Delivery, Works
•
•
Kaeleigh de Quevedo
- Assessment of
Nuclear Program Today and Works Consulted
Stephen Juhas
-
Overview of Foreign
Relations, Table of Contents, Estimate of What
- Overview of Foreign
Marissa Purnell
- Evaluation of Policy
Options the U.S. has Recommended Course of
Action, Overview on nuclear program
development, Title page & thesis statement , and
Works Consulted
•
Ian Quigg (@IanQuigg10)
- Current profile of
North Korea, Works Consulted and Estimate of
what the program is going to look like in 1-3 years
Consulted, and Editor
•
Matt Peterson
Relations, Works Consulted and editor
- Current Profile of North
Korea and Works Consulted, Estimate of What
the Program is going to Look like on 1-3 Years
- Consequences and Works
Consulted
Program Development and Works Consulted
Tenzin Dechen
Libby McBrien
•
Joselyn Ringgold
- Overview of Nuclear
Program Development and Works Consulted,
Estimate of What the Program is going to Look
like on 1-3 Years
Table of Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Current Profile of North Korea - Slide # 4-5
Overview of Foreign Relations - Slide # 6-9
Overview of Nuclear Program Development - Slide # 14-21
Assessment of Nuclear Program Today - Slide # 10-11
Estimate of What the Program is going to Look like on 1-3 Years
- Slide # 22
6. Evaluation of Policy Options the U.S. has Recommended
Course of Action - Slide # 23-24
7. Works Cited - Slide #25-28
Current Profile of North Korea
●
North Korea has been keeping
information hidden from other nations
("North Korea Profile").
●
North Korea is one of the most
militarized countries in the world
("North Korea").
●
North Korea gets foreign aid which
feeds millions of poor people ("North
Korea Profile").
●
North Korean state has been accused
of human rights abuses, reports of
torture, slave labour, forced abortions
and the killing of newborn children
("North Korea Profile").
●
No access to internet and the
government strictly controls the media
and what is shown to the population
("North Korea").
●
"North Korean Military Parade." Tumblr. Austin Radcliffe, n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2013.
<http://thingsorganizedneatly.tumblr.com/post/49946707815/north-korean-military-parade>.
Citizens are required to go to classes
to support the greatness of the
communist system ("North Korea").
•
•
•
Current
Profile of North Korea cont.
North Korea is one of the few
remaining communist
economies, the government
blocks the citizens from all
outside contact with the world.
They firmly believe in a military
first policy, they always focus
first on the military to make it
stronger.(CIA)
Almost all property belongs to
the state and government, they
even control the wages that
people are paid.(Heritage)
"Roger Fields." Roger Fields RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov.
2013. <http://rogerfields.com/real-cause-of-poverty/>.
Overview of Foreign Relations
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
The USSR supported North Korea’s nuclear development in the early 1950s
(North Korea).
North Korea has recently restarted nuclear reactors to build weapons.
It is suspected that North Korea is spreading weapons to Non-Nuclear
Weapons states.
The tension between North and South Korea is causing the US to get
involved as a mediator to prevent and end disputes.
The US is trying to prevent spread of nuclear weapons from North Korea
from getting to the Middle East .
In April 2009, talks to find a way to stop North Korea’s nuclear program
started (North Korea Profile).
August 2010, United States put sanctions on North Korea (North Korea
Profile).
UN Security Council issued multiple sanctions on North Korea (North
Korea).
○ Resolution 1695, Resolution 1718, Resolution 1875, and Resolution
2087
Overview of Foreign Relations cont.
•
•
•
•
•
•
USA has given aid from 1995 - 2008
( Foreign Assistance to North Korea).
US has given over 1.4 billion dollars
( Foreign Assistance to North Korea).
Mainly aided in food and electricity.
Stopped aid because they threatened
to launch nuclear missiles at the US (
Foreign Assistance to North Korea).
United States, Russia, China, and
Japan all aid North Korea ( Foreign
Assistance to North Korea).
In 2007 and 2008 the United States
provided technical assistance to help
North Koreas disablement process (
Foreign Assistance to North Korea).
Allies vs. Enemies
Allies- China
Enemies- US, South Korea and Russia.
This is the result of the Korean War, and this
is how the enemies and allies came about.
Delivery
●
North Korea has nuclear missiles, however these nuclear
missiles are not very powerful. (In Focus: North Korea's
Nuclear Threats).
●
●
●
These missiles that North Korea has cannot not reach
very far. (In Focus: North Korea's Nuclear Threats).
There maximum range from their launch site cannot
reach the united states.(North Korea Profile).
In 2006 and 2009 North Korea tested their nuclear
missiles underground, both times it was not as powerful
as the first bomb dropped by the U.S in World War II (In
Focus: North Korea's Nuclear Threats).
●
North Korea is continuing to improve their nuclear
program and could one day be able to reach great
distances. (North Korea Profile).
Wright, David. Missile Ranges. N.d. Photograph. Federation of American Scientist. New York Times. Union of
Concerned Scientist. Web. 11 Nov. 2013.
<http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/images/newsgraphics/2013/0411-korea-faq/Q3-RANGE.png>.
program today
Assessment of Nuclear Program Today
➔
➔
➔
➔
Last month North Korea tested their
first nuclear weapon (“North
Korea’s Missile”).
Last month they threatened U.S.
◆ They threatened because
they wanted us to give them
aid.
North Korea have some missiles
that are able to carry Warheads
(“North Korea’s Missile”).
◆ A warhead is the front part of
a missile or bomb that has
more explosive in it and is
meant to cause more
damage to the target.
➔
➔
➔
➔
North Korea has more than 1000
nuclear missiles (“North Korea’s
Missile”).
First acquired strategic missiles from
the Soviet Union in about 1969
(“North Korea’s Missile”).
Egypt also gave missiles and
designs for North Korea's support in
the Yom Kippur War against Israel
(“North Korea’s Missile”).
In 2006
◆ test-fired a Taepodong-2
missile
◆ experts say could have a
range of many thousands of
miles
◆ related technology in 2009
and 2012
◆ All three launches ended in
failure( “North Korea’s
Missile”).
link to citation for picture
Consequences
● Furthering Proliferation
○
North Korea has a habit of selling whatever weapon
systems it develops to anyone willing to pay for them
(Sanger).
● Increase Risk of Terrorism
○
North Korea is making it a lot easier for terrorist to get
there hands on nuclear weapons.
● Affecting Stability of Nuclear NPT regime
○
○
NPT regime is a treaty that created mutual
responsibilities and an international taboo against the
use or threat to use nuclear weapons (“NonProliferation”).
North Korea violates the NPT regime when they
threaten to share nuclear weapons with states hostile to
the US (“Non- Proliferation”).
#slide=id.g17484e15b_45
The History of Conflict in North Korea
●
●
●
○
South Korea
○ The latest naval attack
from the North Korea is
Cheonan ship sinking
on March 27 2010 and
40 sailors died and 6
○
missing (Dohert).
Japan, China, United State
○ In August 31, 1998,
○
North Korea fired a twostage Taepodong-1
missile over Japan and
into the Pacific Ocean
(Dohert).
On 15 February 2013, North Korea
had told China that they were
preparing for one or two more nuclear
tests this year (Dohert).
On 8 April 2013, South Korea had
found nuclear activity at Punggye-ri,
suggesting that a fourth underground
test was being prepared (Shina).
In response, Japan summoned an
emergency United Nations meeting
for 12 February and South Korea
raised its military status (Shina).
The History of Conflict in North Korea
The six-party talks aim to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns as a result of
the North Korean nuclear weapons program. There has been a series of meetings with six
participating states since 2003. They held 6 times whenever there was tension. The last one was
held in 2007 (Sinha).
Six-Party Talks
○
Republic of Korea (South Korea)
○
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
(North Korea)
Le Tian, Le. "Six-Party Talks set to resume soon." Nov 11 2006. Chinadaily. 11 Nov. 2013.
○
United States of America
○
People's Republic of China
○
Japan
○
Russian Federation
Overview of Nuclear Program
Development
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
1977- North Korea signs it’s first safeguard with
the IAEA (Carlin).
1993- North Korea no longer allows the IAEA to
inspect their nuclear facilities (Carlin).
1993- North Korea withdraws from the NTP
(Carlin).
1993- The U.S. persuades North Korea to
accept the IAEA inspections (Carlin).
2002- North Korea announces they will restart
their nuclear program. They then remove the UN
safety seals and monitoring equipment from the
nuclear plant in Yongbyon (“International Atomic
Energy Agency”).
2006- North Korea successfully conducts its first
nuclear weapon test (“International Atomic
Energy Agency”).
2007- North Korea pledges to suspend their
nuclear operations(“International Atomic Energy
Agency”).
Timeline of Events
●
2009-North Korea backs out of disarmament
talks to conducts their second nuclear weapons
test and informs the IAEA that they will no longer
●
cooperate with their nuclear rules(“International
Atomic Energy Agency”).
2009- The UN security council imposes tougher
sanctions on North Korea including a tighter
arms embargo and a new financial restrictions
●
(“International Atomic Energy Agency”).
2013- North Korea announces that they
successfully conduct a third test of nuclear
weapons(“International Atomic Energy Agency”).
C
H
E
O
N
A
N
S
I
N
K
I
N
G
●
Already in bad relations
North Korea torpedoed
the South Korean naval
ship (North Korea).
●
South Korea is allies
with the US so conflict
has become a U.S.
concern (In Focus:
North Korea).
In 2012, North Korea announced to the world they would delay nuclear
testing in exchange for food (North Korea).
●
North Korea attempted
to launch a rocket to put
a satellite into orbit
clearly violating the UN
Security Council
Resolutions (In Focus:
North Korea).
●
Attempt failed but the
second attempt was
successful (North
Korea).
●
U.S. declined any offers
and the UN punished
North Korea for their
actions (In Focus: North
Korea).
North Korea is threatening the US as a way of revenge
(In Focus: North Korea).
●
North Korea has wanted nuclear weapons to
use since the Korean War when the U.S.
threatened to use nuclear weapons against
them (North Korea).
●
Initially North Korea joined the NonProliferation of Nuclear weapons but in 2003
withdrew accumulating nuclear devices
(North Korea).
●
North Korea has a full nuclear fuel cycle
contained with uranium that has not been
available to the outside world (North Korea).
Threatening Upgrades:
●
●
●
The country already has short and medium range missiles and is working hard on creating long
range missiles (In Focus: North Korea).
Based off of satellite imagery, North Korea is upgrading the main launch facility in Pyongyang to
launch larger and mobile missiles (Gladstone).
North Korea is carrying on with proliferation which they already received sanctions from the UN
Security Council (Gladstone).
DEFENSIVE THREAT
Nuclear weapons will only be used if
they are attacked first (Gowans).
They know that if they are the first to
strike it would trigger retaliation and a
Nuclear war will begin. (Gowans).
An estimated one-third of the population killed in the US’s
attempt to end the war between the north and
south(Cunningham).
US attempts to Stop North and South
Korean War
North Korea feels that a nuclear weapons
program is necessary to strengthen their
military (Pinkston).
Strong military and an advanced weapons system will
help leaders and unsettled citizens deal with external
threats (Pinkston).
Estimate of North Korea’s Nuclear Program in 1-3
years
•
Estimates
o Within the next year, North
Korea will still be making
nuclear weapons (North
Korea)
o Within 3 years, the amount
of nuclear technology will
increase since there is
conflict between North
Korea and other countries.
o In 5 years, talks will be in
progress to either limit or
end the Nuclear Program in
North Korea.
•
Reasons
o North Korea still wants to
develop their nuclear
program because they were
threatened by the United
States during the Korean
War (North Korea)
o They will also continue
making them because they
also want to be a world
power (In Focus: North
Korea).
Evaluation of Policy Options the U.S. has Recommended
Course of Action
~ Our goal is to stop North Korea from creating new nuclear weapons and
dismantle old ones.
•
We will get all suppliers to stop sending material to
North Korea until evidence is shown that nuclear
weapons programs have been abolished (blockade).
Once the country follows through we will then provide
aid.
Evaluation of Policy Options the U.S. has Recommended
Course of Action Cont.
Pros:
The abolishment of
North Korea’s nuclear
program.
They will not be a threat
to the US and other
neighboring countries.
Cons:
North Korea will use
their nuclear weapons
starting an arms race.
Other countries could
possibly decided to aid
them if we stop.
•
•
•
•
Works Cited
Ajisaka, Natsumi. "Relationship between U.S., North Korea Deteriorates." The
"Atomic Bomb." Infactcollaborative. N.p., 28 Nov. 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2013. (image from slide 14)
<http://infactcollaborative.com/technology/atomic-bomb-facts.html>.
Carlin, Padraic. "North Korea: Conflict and Diplomacy: Background." World at War: Understanding Conflict and Society. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 7 Nov. 2013.
http://worldatwar.abc-clio.com/Feature/Story/1360043?cid=1360044&terms=north+korea+nuclear
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-17399847>.
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<http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/04/12/world/asia/ north-korea-questions.html?ref=nuclearprogram>.
Gladstone, Rick, David E. Sanger, and William J. Broad. "North Korea's Nuclear Program."News. New York Times, 08 Nov. 2013. Web. 08 Nov. 2013.
<http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/northkorea/nuclear_program/>.
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<http://www.wcvb.com/news/national/-/9848944/19266418/-/14c0x7oz/-/index.html>.
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<http://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/iaeadprk/chrono_dec.shtml>.
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<http://www.internationalist.org/northkoreawarneverended1012.html>.
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<http://www.nti.org/country-profiles/north-korea/nuclear/>.
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article3730698.ece>(image for slide 21)
Works Consulted
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lying-launch/>.
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nuclear-programme>.
<http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2012/04/noko-
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/feb/29/north-korea-moratorium-
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<http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/12/world/asia/north-korea-appears-to-restart-plutonium-reactor.html?ref=nuclearprogram>.
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lying-launch/>.
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nuclear-programme>.
<http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2012/04/noko-
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<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROKS_Cheonan_sinking>
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