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KHUTBA HAJJATUL WIDA
LAST SERMON OF HOLY PROPHET PBUH
By
Muhammad Ali Khan
About Hujaat-al-wida

Fatah-e-Makkah
8th AH

Hajj was made Obligatory 9th AH (6 March 632 AH)

Hazrat Abu Bakkar RA first Ameer-e-Hajj

Sura-e-Tuba/Barrt revelead after Fatah-e-Makkah

This Hajj/Hajj-ul-Islam/hall Ul Bilagh was called Hajje-Akbar(Sura Tuba Aya-3)

Sermon Delivered on 9th Zulhajj in Arfat
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Thematic Note

Principles of Civilization and Social Life

Human Rights

Guidelines for International Peace

Brotherhood

Peaceful co-existance

Social Justice and Social Equality
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Khutba Hajjatul
Wida





It is considered as the first comprehensive charter of
Human Rights delivered by the Prophet (SAW) on the
occasion of Last Pilgrimage he performed.
It is the essence of the teaching of the Quran and
Sunnah and provides essential foundations for
establishment of an Islamic Welfare State.
Sections 2,3, 5,8,12,13,33,34,37,38,43, of this Khutba
provide the foundation of a Welfare State.
The ingredients of the Khutba are scattered in
Hadith and Seerah books.
Prominent scholar of Islamic history, Professor Dr.
Nisar Ahmad, Ex-Dean of Arts, Karachi University, has
compiled the whole Khutba in his Urdu book ‘Khutba
Hajjatul Wida’.
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A complete Code

Part A
Introductory

Part B
Equality

Part C
Protection

Part D
Social and Economic Code

Part E
Women Rights and Rights to Slaves

Part F
Sources of Law

Part G Faiths and Completion of Deen
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A-Introductory
Introduction- Praise to Allah
PART-A
All praise be to Allah, in whose deference do we
pay homage and from Whom we ask help and
forgiveness. It is to Him that we turn and ask for
refuge from our carnal mischief and wrong doings.
Whomever Allah guides can never turn astray and
one who is mislead by Him can never be solicited or
guided
And I bear witness that there is no God but Allah, the
One, having no partner with Him, in either image or
symbols. And I Muhammad am His Bondsman and
His Messenger.
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Ye People_huminity

A. Ye people:
Listen to my words carefully and mark them, for who knows
after this year we may never meet at this place again.

B.
Ye People of God:
I don’t know whether another year will be vouchsafed to me
after this year to find myself amongst you.

C.
Ye People:
Observe silence, you might not be able to see me next year.
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Cont…
D.
Ye People:
Behold!
I want to explain with elaboration everything, as
perhaps after this year I might not be able to meet you ever.
E.
People:
Learn every aspect pertaining to the rite of Hajj from me, for I
may not be vouchsafed another pilgrimage.

F.
May Allah nurture him with His Blessing, who listened to
what I said, and disseminated it to others, as at times one who
listens may not be wise, and the one to whom it is
disseminated may be wiser.
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B- equality
Equality-First Message

Observe! Every one is equal.

There is no superiority of an Arab over a non-Arab
and of a non-Arab over an Arab. Neither a black
over a white nor a white over a black has any
superiority and distinction over each other except
on the basis of piety and fear of God
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Equality
Section.1
 Equality

You have one Lord and one father. You
are all a progeny of Adam and Adam was
created from clay.
 Verily in the sight of Allah, the most
honorable amongst you is the one who is
most God fearing without doubt He
knoweth all.

Section.2
People of God.
 I will you to fear Allah and order you to yield and
worship Him and initiate my Address with this virtuous
word.

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All previous obligation were
quashed

Section.3

Know that! Age of darkness and ignorance is quashed under
my heels.

Now all signs of ignorance have been eliminated and made
to halt

1.Beware! Everything related to the people of ignorance
is under my (these two) feet

2.
Behold! All practices of the days of ignorance like
blood (revenges) illegally possessed property and other
signs of days of ignorance (familial and inheritable pride)
lie quashed under my heels till the Day of Judgment
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Qasas and Diyat as Right


Every claim of privilege whether that of blood or property,
is under my heels except that of the custody of the Ka’ba
and supplying of water to the pilgrims

Qatle Amad or murder would be avenged. Under the
definition of Qatle Amad would fall murders
committed by a staff or a stone and the Diyat or
compensation is hundred camels. (camel today ?)

Anyone who asks for more in compensation he would
be included amongst the ignorant
Abolishing Riba

And every type of interest from this day here in is
declared wiped out and prohibited, although you
have a right to get back your principal sum, so that
neither you nor the borrower is in deficit. Allah has
decided against interest.
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Qasas and Riba

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5. And all interest based on business are made to
be evil – (And as far as Abbas bin Abdul Mutalib is
concerned, his relation to interest is frozen)
6.And the blood revenges of the days of ignorance
are extinguished and prohibited from now – (and
with this I forgive the first blood revenge of my
family that of Rabaita’s (Bin Al Haris bin Abdul
Mutalib) child who was murdered by Banu Hazil
knowingly.
Thus I as a pioneer volunteer to forgive the blood
split during the days of ignorance
Halal Haram by Allah

7.Ye people!

a) Without doubt ‘Nasai’ (tempering with
months) envisages disbelief and Kufr and the
disbelievers are lead astray due to this

For one month (due to personal interest or
psychological interest) they proclaim a month as
Halal & when the interest subsides, they cause
the same month next year as Haram, so that the
number of Haram months proclaimed by Allah
are fulfilled superficially. Thus this is how they
temper with Allah’s proclaimed Halal months
and turn them into Haram and violate the sacred
months
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Halal and Haram by Allah
b)
Now the time has completed its cycle and has come a
square round from the day the universe started from its
creation.

To Allah there are twelve months, four are sacred and
inviolable, three of which follow consecutively:

(Zil Qad, Zil Hajj and Muharram)) and one occurs
singularly and separately (i.e. Rajab) which is also
known as Shahr Mazr; and which occurs between
Jamadiul Sani and Shaban.

And the month may consist of 29 or of 30 days.
you have understood me.

To which the crowd affirmed in positive.

And then the Holy Prophet (SAW) exclaimed God as
his witness.
Say if
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C- Protection
Protection of Life, Property
Honor
c) Listen; Hajj / pilgrimage would remain associated
with the month of Zil Hajj till the Day of Judgment
Section.4



People! Do you know on which day, of which
month, of which place /city you are assembled.
Every one replied: on sacred day, at sacred city
and on sacred month. To which the Holy Prophet
(SAW) assured verily your blood are sacred and
inviolable on each other.
Section.5
And your property and possession
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Cont….

Section.6


And your honor
Section.7

And your flesh (skin, body) including is sacred
and inviolable on each other, until you appear
before your Lord, as the sacred inviolability of
this day of yours this month of yours, and this
town of yours

Verily you will meet your Lord and you will be
held answerable for your actions
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D- Social And Economic
Codes
No transgression of unjust treatmentPeaceful Social Life
Section.8
 Peaceful Social Life
 Listen to me and you will attain real Life,
but conditional upon the following:
 Beware! Do not transgress upon each
other
 Observe! Do not misbehave or be
unjust with each other
 Understand it for sure!Do not commit
misbehavior upon each other

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Brotherhood and Social
linkage
Section.9
 People of God! Listen to me and understand
verily every Muslim is the brother of the other
Muslim and all the Muslims form one
brotherhood
Section.10
 Beware ! Every Muslim is honorable and
sacred for the other Muslim
Section.11
And every believer is sacred upon the other
believer (like this day which also has a
sanctity):
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Social Code
(i) His flesh is sacred upon the other;
(ii) And backbiting, thus would amount to eating the
flesh of the other;
(iii) And one’s honor is sacred and cannot be violated;
(iv) And one’s face is sacred for another and cannot
be physically violated;
(v) And to cause pain is forbidden;
(vi) And this too is forbidden that in order to cause one
pain, he is pushed;
(vii) And this too is prohibited upon one Muslim to
disregard the blood of another as Halal;
(viii) Nothing of his brother is lawful for a Muslim except
what he himself gives willingly.So do not wrong
yourself; (And should I tell you who is a real Muslim?)
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Definition of Muslim and
Believer

Section.12
Muslim is one from whose hands and tongue the others
are protected
Section.13
And believer is in fact one from whom the life and
property of others is secure
Section.14
And migrant in essence is one who has excluded or
divested himself from sins and wrong doings
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Economic Codes-Repayment
of Debts

Section.15
And ‘Mujahid’ is one who for the grace of God,
fights and struggles within against his carnal desires

Section.16
It is incumbent upon a borrower that ‘All borrowed
property’ must be returned

Section.17
All debts must be repaid
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Socio-Economic Codes
Section.18
All borrowed items must be returned.
Section.19
Donations/Trusts must be returned.
Section.20
Guarantor must be responsible for the guaranteed
sum or surety
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Personal Responsibility of all
deeds
Section.21
Observe! No one committing crime is
responsible for it but himself
Section.22
Neither the child is responsible for the crime
of his father, nor the father is responsible
for the crime of his child
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E- Women Rights and Rights of
Subordinates
Women Rights
Section.23
Have the fear of God in respect of women (Piety)
Section.24
I command you to treat women well (since they are
your helpers) because they are like captives in
your houses, possessing nothing for themselves
and unable to manage their affairs themselves
Section.25
Oh Ye People! Verily there are rights in favor of your
women which are incumbent upon you and there
are rights in favor of you which are incumbent
upon them (As to what is incumbent upon them
in your regard is)
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Women Rights-Directions to
them
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And it is incumbent upon women :

To abstain from impropriety, If they don’t then you
have no right to treat them harshly

It is not permissible for a woman to give anything
from the wealth of her husband to anyone but with
his consent

Know that! A boy will be associated with the name
of his father. (Identity to human)
Social Recognition to Every
Human/Slaves
Anyone who associates his name with
anyone other than his father or if any
slave associates himself to anyone other
than his master, the fie of all humanity
and angels would befall on him, and on
the Day of Judgment no compensation
would be accepted from him
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Rights of Subordinates
Section.26
a.
See that you feed them with such food as
you eat yourselves;
b.
And clothe them with clothes that you
yourselves wear;
c.
And if they commit a wrong deed which
you cannot forgive them O people of God!
Sell them off but:
d.
Do not punish them harshly
e.
And treat your slave-girls properly, and thus
feed them and clothe them as yourself
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Haqooq Allah and Haqooq AlEbad
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Section.27
Oh People! Verily I was ordained to fight and instill in people the
message of Allah (La-illaha-ill-Allah) and once when they
yield in actual succeeded in securing their life and
properties.Rest be it Allah’s responsibility.
Section.28
Do not equate anything or a partner with Allah.
Section.29
And neither take away anyone’s life unjustly
Section.30
Neither commit turpitude
Section.31
Neither commit theft
Khatam e Nabuwat
Section.32
O People!
No prophet would be raised after me and no
new Ummat (would be formed after) you.
While referring no Messih Aldajjal time and
again He (SAW) said: There has been no
prophet before me, who has not forewarned
his people about Dajjal
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Piety
Section.33

Behold! Worship your Lord; offer prayers
five times a day; observe fast in the month
of Ramzan; pay readily the zakat on your
property and: perform pilgrimage to the
House of God (ibadat)

and obey your rulers and surely you will be
admitted to the paradise of your Lord
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Obedience of Rulers and Fairness in
Business


And obey your rulers and surely you will
be admitted to the paradise of your Lord
Section.34
 Fear
God and do not temper with the
scales and weigh rightly and do not
act seditious in your country
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Obeying Hadood-u-Allah
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Section.35
And beware of transgressing the limits set in the
matters of religion, for it is transgression of the
(proper bounds of) religion that brought
destruction to (many people before you)
Section.36
Verily the Satan is disappointed at ever being
worshipped in this land of yours, but if obedience in
anything (short of worship is expected that is); he
will be pleased in matters you may be disposed to
think insignificant; so beware of him in your matters
of religion
Inheritance/ Charity
Section.37
 Allah has ordained every one his due share (of
inheritance).
 Hence there is no need (of special) testament /
will for an heir thus no amount exceeding 1/3rd of
total can be willed to anyone
 Section.38
 Give charity for I know not perhaps you may
not see me again.
 Section.39
 Do not swear in the name of Allah
(wrongly).For if anyone swears (wrongfully) in
the name of Allah, his lie would be laid bare by
Allah.
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Shahadat (Evidence)

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Section.39

Do not swear in the name of Allah
(wrongly).For
if
anyone
swears
(wrongfully) in the name of Allah, his lie
would be laid bare by Allah
Importance of Knowledge- Knowledge
as Human Right
Section.40
(i) Oh People ! Gather whatever knowledge
ye can before this knowledge is denied
to you and narrowed to restriction
(ii) One form of ending all sorts of
knowledge is that those who know are
taken away from amongst you
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Social Relations
Section.41
 There are three things whereby a
believer’s heart remain purified from
ill-will:

While performing with good-will in the way
of Allah

For the good-will and benefaction of
(Muslim) Rulers

While communicating and being among
the company of Muslims, as their prayers
ward off ill-will and surround him
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F- Sources of Law
Sources of Law
Section.42
1.
Mark my words as I have transmitted every
thing to you:
1.
Verily I have left amongst you that which will
never lead you astray, the Book of Allah, which if
you hold fast, you shall never go astray.
2.
And I have left amongst you that which will
never lead you astray, the enlightened Book of
Allah, and the Sunnah of His Prophet
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Sources of Law- Research and
Reference


The Book and Sunnah

Imam Malik, Mota Imam Malik) hadiz No.1395

Musnad-e-Ahmed
The Book


Imam Muslim
The Book and Alh-e-Bayat

Imam Trimazi (Jam-e-Tirmazi)

Imam Ahmed Bin Hanbal

Imam Tibrani
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Faiths and Completion of
Deen
OBEDIENCE OF RULERS
Obedience of Rulers/Khatm-eNabuwat
Section.43
O People! Listen and obey, though a mangled Abyssinian
slave is appointed your Amir, provided he executes (the
ordinances of) the Book of Allah among you
Section.44
Know that! Each Prophet’s invitation to his message has
elapsed except mine for my message has been vaulted
with the Almighty forever and is going to sustain for all
times to come
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Faiths and Akhrat
After this the Prophets would feel proud of
the numbers but remember do not let me
down with your bad / evil doings. I will await
you at the Hauz-e-Kausar.
2. Beware!
I will reach the Hauz-e-Kausar
before you and will feel proud at your
numbers in comparison to other nations.So
do not become a source of my
embarrassment
3. Behold!
1.

I will help in emancipating some of the people
(from Hell), yet some will part from me and when
I would ask Allah that are they not my nation /
followers? To which Allah would reply ‘ You do
not know what evil they did after you
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Akhrat
Section.45

Take heed not to go astray after
me and strike one another’s necks
Section.46

And listen again! When you would
meet your Lord, He surely will
inquire about your deeds;
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Akhrat

Thus the only one who would be given
heart’s gratification, and before his eyes
generous boons would befall, and the
world itself would yield under his feet

But the one who endears this transitional
world as permanent end, Allah will create
chaos and division in his affairs, and that
man would see and witness poverty and
suffering in this world

And he would only receive his due share
that is already fated upon him
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Bidaat (Innovations)
prohibited
Section.47
Observe! Now you have both seen me and
listened to every thing I had to say. Very
soon you would be asked about me and
when it is time, do not witness falsehood
upon me, if you do Hell will be your abode
Section.48
Observe! All those who are present here
disseminated what I said to those who are
absent; for many people to whom the
message is conveyed may be more mindful
of it than the audience
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Completion of Deen

Then the Holy Prophet (SAW) said:


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Oh Allah! Have I conveyed your message to them or
not?(Then asked the audience) “And have I not
delivered Allah’s message effectively? ‘Listen have I not
imparted the rightful just message?”
They all answered unanimously:

“Surely / Verily! (Then the Holy Prophet (SAW) said: Oh
God be my witness (how clearly and un-hesitantly do
they profess it). Oh God be my witness (no what they
say), Oh God be my witness. And if you were asked
about me, what would you say?
Completion….

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They answered:

“We bear witness that you have conveyed
the
trust (of religion) and discharged your ministry of
apostle hood and looked to our welfare

Thereupon, Allah’s Messenger (SAW) lifted his
fore-finger towards the sky and then pointing
towards the people said: “Oh Lord! Bear thou
witness unto it. O Lord! Bear thou witness unto it
Epilogue

Equality
Main underlying value of human rights
 Holy Prophet stressed equality, strongly
 All human beings are equal without the
distinction of race, color, class or gender and
age,One God , one Father no discrimination on ,
Color, Nationality


Social justice:
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and the
security of person
 No one shall be held in slavery or servitude
 No torture cruelity, inhuman or degrading
treatment or punishment

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Cont…

Recognition



Subject of law

Sources defined

Protected by religion
Dignity and Gender Equality


Everyone has the right to recognition
This Sermon gives more rights to women
Freedom

From slavery
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Cont…

Protects

Respect, Honor, Flesh, property, Life, Possessions

Obedience of Rulers

Principles of Social Relations


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No back biting, fairness in Business, personal responsibility
of all deeds, brotherhood,
Explains Economic Codes

No Usury, Riba, protecting Trusteeship
As Charter

Provides Philosophy of Human Rights

Enlists important Human Rights

Gives a workable system of Human Rights

Defines Obligations and Rights

Provides a system of two fold Accountability

Elucidates Sources of Law

Explains applicability of the laws

Provides legitimacy through religion (cant be
repealed)
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Uniqueness

First ever Charter of Human Rights

Gives Rights to Women,
Slaves/Subordinates

Address Humanity ( O-People)

Relates Human/Women Rights with Piety

Provides legitimacy through religion (cant
be repealed)

Obedience of Ruler as a teaching
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Rights to Slaves

First ever in the History of Human Rights

Examples


Hazrat Bilal RA, Hazrat Zaid Bin Haris (mentioned
in Quran), Mosa Bin Naseer, Tariq Bin Ziad
Salve Ruled

1248-1517 Egypt (Zahir0u-Din Bires)

1206-1290 Sub-Continent

Mothers of 37 Abbasid Rulers were Kaniz
(the famous; Abu Jafar, Haroon Rasheed,
Mamoon o Rasheed, Mutasim Billah)
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Time Line of Human Rights in
West

Magna Carta,15 June 1215 by King First UK

Agreement b/w 25 Aristocrats and King

Passed in 1355 by Parliament

Hobos corpus Law 1640

Human Rights and Freedom Bill 1689

10 Amendments in US Constitutions for HR
1789


Human Right Bill France 1789
UN Declaration of Human Rights 10-12-1948
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