9.1
FOREIGN
POLICY
FEBRUARY 2016
TAKE NOTES: USE THIS
STYLE IF YOU WANT!
Rush-Bagot Convention
Agreement
of 1818
US gains
Florida
AdamsOnis Treaty
Monroe
Doctrine
SETTLING DISPUTES
WITH GREAT BRITAIN
• The Treaty of Ghent failed to resolve any of the
issues that occurred between GB & the US.
• Both wanted access to the Great Lakes region
• Rush-Bagot Agreement: limited naval power on
the Great lakes for both the US and British
Canada
• 1-2 vessels per country on each lake
• Demilitarized the border and reduced tension btwn
the two countries
SETTLING DISPUTES
WITH GREAT BRITAIN
Convention of 1818:
1. set the border between the US and British Canada at 49N
latitude as far west as the Rocky Mountains
2. Gave US fishing rights off of
Labrador & Newfoundland coast
3. Gave US & GB joint occupation
of Oregon territory
• Marked the beginning of
cooperation between the US & GB
US GAINS FLORIDA
• US and Spain fighting over Florida
• John Quincy Adams sent to negotiate with Spanish
diplomat Luis de Onis
• Goals:
1. End Seminole raids in Georgia
2. Clearly define border between Louisiana Purchase
& Spanish Mexico
• Monroe sent troops to secure the border just in case
(knew that Spain was weakened by Napoleonic Wars) – led
by Jackson
FIRST SEMINOLE WAR
• At the same time, Seminole Indians from Florida were at
conflict with Americans
US Perspective
Spanish Perspective
Seminole NA’s were helping
runaway slaves & raiding US
settlements in Georgia
Americans moved into Spanish
lands in Florida without permission
to gain NA’s fertile land
• First Seminole War: Jackson invaded Florida (w/o Monroe’s
support) to capture Seminole Raiders
• Outcomes:
•
•
•
Took over Spain’s military posts in Florida
Overthrew the Governor of Florida
Fast-tracked negotiations w/ Spain
US GAINS FLORIDA
• Jackson was praised by Americans and Adams – believed that
Spanish weren’t doing a good enough job controlling the
Native Americans
• The First Seminole War convinced Spanish leaders to
negotiate with the US over Florida (and their colonies were
weakened due to revolts)
• Adams-Onis Treaty (1819): settled border disputes
between Spanish Mexico & US
•
•
•
•
Established boundary between Mexico & US
Spain gave Florida to US
US gave up claims to Texas
US forgave $5 million in claims
& given to the US
LEADING TO THE
MONROE DOCTRINE
• Simon Bolivar led Spanish colonies in their struggle for
independence
• Mexico broke free from Spain in 1821, worrying Monroe
• Felt that European powers (such as Russia!!!) would try to
take over Latin American countries
• Both US & GB claimed some control of Latin America –
intervened in matters when US interest was at stake.
• US motive: GB & US issued joint agreement that would
warn the rest of Europe to stay out of Latin America
Great Britain
MONROE DOCTRINE
• Adams and Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine in 1823
• 4 basic points:
1. US would not interfere in the affairs of European nations
2. US would recognize, and not interfere with, European
colonies that already existed in North and South America
3. Western Hemisphere was to be off-limits to future
colonization by any foreign power
4. US would consider any European power’s attempt to
colonize or interfere in the West to be a hostile act
Fun Fact: In 1962, the Monroe Doctrine was invoked symbolically when
the Soviet Union began to build missile-launching sites in Cuba. With the
support of the Organization of American States, President John F. Kennedy
threw a naval and air quarantine around the island. After several tense days, the
Soviet Union agreed to withdraw the missiles and dismantle the sites.
9.1 CONTENT QUESTIONS
1. Explain the Rush-Bagot Agreement and why it was created.
1. What was decided at the Convention of 1818?
2. Why was the First Seminole war started? What was its
outcome?
3. The Monroe Doctrine dealt with what countries?
4. What were the 4 main points of the Monroe Doctrine? (in
your own words)