Geography fun facts!
• Write the letter of your guess on your cover sheet on the
warm-up side – today’s date: 8/25
1. There is a city called ______ on every continent in the
world.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Athens
Rome
London
Tokyo
2. The ___________is the fourth largest country based on
population and geographic area.
A.
B.
C.
D.
China
South Africa
United States
Canada
3. What is the longest river in the United States?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Colorado
Mississippi
Missouri
Rio Grande
The Five Themes of Geography
Let’s Review!
• What are the SEVEN CONTINENTS??
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Asia
Europe
Africa
Australia
Antarctica
North America
South America
• What are the FOUR OCEANS??
•
•
•
•
Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Indian Ocean
The 5 Themes of Geography
1. Location
2. Movement
3. Region
4. Place
5. Human/ Environment Interaction
Theme # 1: Location
Where is it??
Location:
• There are two types of LOCATION!!
»Absolute (mathematical)
»Relative
Absolute Location:
• Absolute Location is found by
using…
• Two specific line types
• Latitude
• Longitude
Absolute Location:
• Latitude Lines
AKA (Parallels)
Latitude lines are drawn from:
East to West
Latitude lines measure:
North to South
Absolute Location:
• The Major Line of LATITUDE is the:
• Equator
• It splits the Earth into:
• the Northern and
Southern Hemispheres
Define Hemisphere:
• Half of a globe
(in our case the Earth)
Absolute Location:
• Other important lines of LATITUDE:
• 22 1/3 * North = Tropic of Cancer
• 22 1/3 * South = Tropic of Capricorn
• They are important because:
They get the most direct
sunlight making these areas
the hottest places on Earth
Absolute Location:
• Other important lines:
• 66 1/2 * North = Arctic Circle
• 66 1/2 * South = Antarctic Circle
They are important because:
These areas get the least amount
of sunlight. Part of the year
there is no sunlight and the
other part of the year there
is no darkness.
Absolute Location:
• Longitude Lines
AKA (Meridians)
Latitude lines are drawn from:
North to South
Latitude lines measure:
East to West
Absolute Location:
• The Major Line of LONGITUDE is the:
• Prime Meridian
• It splits the Earth into:
• the Eastern and
Western Hemispheres
Absolute Location:
• Roswell’s Mathematical Location is:
34° 3′ 47″ N, 84° 22′ 52″ W
( ‘=seconds and “=minutes)
Relative Location:
• Where an area is depending on where
another area is!
Figure out where Mr. W’s desk is in relation
to something else in the room!
Theme # 2: Movement
• How are people linked together?
Movement:
• Movement describes how…
• How people in one area contact
people in other areas
Movement:
• What can move??
Movement:
• How can things move??
Movement:
• Through movement we connect all of
our world together.
• This is called globalization!
• When we are interdependent on each
other for our economy, culture,
politics, socialization, and
technology.
Which of the following is NOT a
geography theme?
Movement
Region
People
Theme # 3: Region
• What does it have in common?
Region:
• A region describes:
• Areas that have something in
common
• Regions can be:
BIG
or
small
Region:
• There are 3 types of Regions
• Formal / Uniform
• Functional / Nodal
• Vernacular / Perceptual
Region:
• Formal / Uniform Region is an. . .
•
Area in which a certain characteristic is
found throughout the area
• Examples: City, State, Country, Continent, places
with the same climate, same religion, same
language, same crops, etc.
Region:
• Functional / Nodal Regions
• Have one central place (a node) and it is
surrounded by the areas it affects
• Example: the delivery area of a pizza restaurant, the space covered
by a cell phone tower, the cities that Delta flies to from Atlanta
• Vernacular / Perceptual
Regions
– Region that people perceive… they believe it
exists as part of their cultural identity.
Theme # 4: Place
What is it like?
Place:
Place:
What is it like?
Place:
Place:
Each PLACE on Earth has it own:
DISTINCT CHARACTERISTICS
Two types:
Human
Or
Physical
(something that makes it different than any other place in
the world)
Place:
• Physical Features:
• The Earth is covered in 30 % land
• All landforms are described by their elevation
• Elevation is the height above sea level
• There are 4 main types of landforms they are:
1.Mountains
2.Hills
3.Plateaus
4.Plains
Place:
• Physical Features:
• Another physical feature is also an area’s
climate.
– What affects climate?
• There are 3 major climate regions.
• Tropical
• Temperate (Mid-Latitude)
• Polar
????????????????????????????????
• What is the difference between
Location & Place?
Which of the following is NOT an
example of location?
12° N, 32 ° W
124 Main Street, Springfield, Missouri
Georgia
What is the difference between
Location & Place?
Location: 5* S , 68 * W
What is the difference between
Location & Place?
Place: Describe
Human/Environment Interaction:
• How do we interact with our environment?
HEI:
• What is an environment?
–Natural Surroundings
• Human/Environment Interaction
explains:
–How people use and change their
environment
HEI:
• The environment influences how:
• We live
• Examples:
Does the environment affect where we do this
activity?
HEI:
• When ever people come in contact
with something they:
• Change it!
• Examples are:
Good – examples?
» Bad – examples?
» Both – examples?
»
Which of the following IS an example of
Human Environment Interaction?
Getting the mail
Riding in a cattle roundup
Rainforest clearing
Remembering the 5 themes
• If you can’t remembering what
they are just ask MR. HELP!!!
• M – Movement
• R – Regions
• HE – Human Environment interaction
• L – Location
• P - Place
HEI = Global Warming
HEI = Global Warming
• What is Global Warming
• It is caused by humans
• Too much Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
is in the air
• Which in turn makes the Earth’s
temperature rise
HEI = Global Warming
1979
2005
What is happening because of global warming?
HEI: Global Warming
• If you want to see the
polar ice caps, go
before 2040
• Simulations of global warming
patterns indicate that the polar
ice caps have a high chance of
melting entirely by 2040.
www.hippyshopper.com/2006/12/if_you_want_to.html
HEI: Global Warming
• The temperature is melting the
polar ice caps !
• Results:
•
•
•
•
Makes the oceans level rise
Floods areas near the ocean
Precipitation increased in some areas
Precipitation decreased in some areas
(desert like)
HEI: Global Warming
• What can we do to help??