Testing your knowledge
Cell Structure and Transport across
cell membranes
Lesson Starter
Write out the paragraph choosing the correct
answer at each choice. (8)
Osmosis is a form of diffusion/ion uptake. It is
an active/passive process that requires/does not
require energy. During osmosis oxygen/water
molecules move across a freely/selectively
permeable membrane from a higher/lower
water concentration along/against a
concentration gradient.
Cell Structure
1. What is the name given to the basic units of life that can
lead an independent existence? (1)
2 a. Name 4 structural features that a typical plant and animal
cell have in common? (4)
b. Identify 3 structural features present in an Elodea leaf cell
but absent from a cheek cell? (3)
3. Give the function of each of the following structures:
chloroplast, nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondrion.(4)
4. a. Express 1 millimetre in micrometres. (1)
b. Express 1 micrometre an a decimal fraction of a
millimetre. (1)
Total 14 marks
Transport through Cell Membranes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Name 2 types of molecules present in the cell membrane?(2)
Which of these would be destroyed (denatured) at 70°C ? (1)
Define the terms diffusion and concentration gradient.(4)
Name 2 essential substances that enter an animal cell by
diffusion?(2)
Name a waste material that diffuses out of an animal cell.(1)
Explain why diffusion is important to human beings.(2)
Predict what would happen to rate of diffusion of Explain your
answer. (2)
Describe 3 differences between diffusion and active transport.(3)
Name 2 factors which would affect active transport.
Total 14 marks
Osmosis
1. With reference to water concentrations involved,
explain why a red blood cell bursts when placed in
water yet an onion epidermal cell does not. (4)
2. Why does a red blood cell shrink when placed in a
concentrated salt solution?(1)
3. Describe and explain the osmotic effect of very
concentrated sugar solution on an onion epidermal
cell. (2)
4. What term is used to describe a cell in this state.(1)
5. How could such a cell be restored to its turgid
condition?(1)
Producing new cells
1. Describe what cell division is used for in; (i) unicellular
organisms and (ii) multicellular organisms (2)
2. What term is used to describe a cell containing two
matching sets of chromosomes. (1)
3. Give the term applied to replicated chromosomes
before they separate during mitosis. (1)
4. State the role of spindle fibres during mitosis. (1)
5. Explain why cell culture methods need aseptic
techniques.(2)
6. Explain why temperature and pH must be controlled
during the cell culture process. (2)
7. Describe what happens to the chromosomes of a cell
before mitosis takes place. (1) Total 10 marks
DNA and Proteins
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
State the role of DNA in cells. (1)
State what is meant by the term genetic information. (1)
Describe the overall shape of a DNA molecule. (1)
Give the letters by which the 4 bases that make up DNA are
known. (1)
Give the pairs of letters of the complementary bases of DNA. (1)
Give the term that describes a section of DNA that codes for a
particular protein. (1)
Name the molecule that takes a complementary copy of a
sequence of DNA out of the nucleus. (1)
State the location within a cell where amino acids are assembled
to produce protein molecules. (1)
Total 8 marks