KINGDOM ANIMALIA
Unit 2 - Biodiversity
K. Animalia Characteristics




Multicellular
Heterotrophic
Eukaryotic
Lack cell walls
Animal Organization

K. Animalia is divided into 9 phyla based on:
 Level of organization
 (cellular, tissue, organ system etc.)
 Body symmetry
 (asymmetry, radial, & bilateral)
Cephalization
 (concentration of sensory tissue at the head)
 Body cavity formation
 Coelomate, pseudocoelomate, acoelomate

2 main groups
Invertebrates

No spinal column
Vertebrates

Spinal column
Vertebrates
Animals with a spinal cord and an endoskeleton.
Fish






Aquatic, have fins, scales
and gills.
Herbivores, carnivores,
parasites and filter
feeders.
Sexual Reproduction–
eggs fertilized internally
or externally
Bilateral body symmetry
Ectothermic or cold
blooded
Found in water
Amphibians






Their skin is usually smooth
and lacks scales, hair, and
feathers. Their skin must
remain moist to aid in
breathing. They lack claws on
their toes.
Herbivores as youth and
carnivorous as adults.
Sexual reproduction – eggs
fertilized internally or
externally
Bilateral body symmetry
Ectothermic or cold blooded
In water as larva and on land
as adults.
Reptiles






Their skin has scales and is
dry. They have claws on
their toes, teeth and lay
eggs on land.
Herbivores and carnivores
Sexual Reproduction –
eggs fertilized internally.
Bilateral
Ectothermic or cold
blooded
Found in Temperate
Climates
Birds






Their skin is covered with
feathers. They have fourchambered hearts. Their
bones are lightweight and
usually hollow. Their forelimbs
are modified as wings. They
lay eggs.
Herbivores and carnivores
Sexual reproduction – eggs
fertilized internally.
Bilateral Symmetry
Endothermic or warm blooded
Found everywhere.
Mammals



They have hair, which varies
greatly among species. Most
have sweat glands. They have
mammary (milk-secreting)
glands to feed their young.
Herbivores and carnivores
Sexual Reproduction –
fertilized internally.

Bilateral body symmetry

Endothermic or warm blooded

Found almost everywhere
Invertebrates
No spinal column
Some with exoskeletons
Porifera (poh-RIF-ur-uh)

Sedentary. Body is made of
cells and tissues surround by
a water filled space but
there is no true body cavity.

filter feeders

Sexual & asexual (budding)



Asymmetrical body
symmetry
Ectothermic or cold blooded
Live in aquatic environments,
mostly marine.
Cnidaria (ny-Dayr-ee-uh)






Are all radial in
symmetry, have stinging
tentacles to catch prey.
carnivorous and filter
feeders
Sexual & asexual
(budding) reproduction
Radial Symmetry
Ectothermic or cold
blooded
Marine and fresh water
Platyhelminthes (plat-ih-hel-min-theez)






Most are free living and
parasitic.
carnivores and parasitic
Sexual (hermaphrodites) &
asexual (fission)
reproduction
Bilateral body symmetry
Ectothermic or cold
blooded
Marine and fresh water
Nematoda (nee-muh-ToHD-uh)






Most are free living and
parasitic.
herbivores, carnivores and
parasitic
Sexual and hermaphroditic
reproduction
Bilateral body symmetry
Ectothermic or cold
blooded
Live just about everywhere.
Mollusca (mol-us-ka)





Soft body and sometimes a
hard shell Bodies are
divided into 3 parts: Head,
Foot, and Visceral Hump.
filter feeders, herbivores
and carnivores
Bilateral symmetry
Ectothermic or cold
blooded
Marine, fresh water and
land
Arthropoda (arth-rop-a-da)







A hard outer body covering
called an exoskeleton.
Specialized mouth parts.
Jointed legs. Compound
Eyes. Segmented body
herbivores, carnivores,
ominovores
Sexual (internally and
externally) reproduction
Bilateral body symmetry
Ectothermic or Cold blooded
Found in aquatic and
terrestrial environments
Annelida (uh-Nel-ih-duh)






Soft body worms with
sections, possesses a
through gut, mouth and
anus.
Some parasitic
Sexual and hermaphroditic
reproduction
Bilateral body symmetry
Ectothermic or coldblooded
Found in soil and fresh
water
Echinodermata (ee-Ky-noh-durmata)





Have bodies with rough skin
and sharp spines, possess 5rayed symmetry. Calcareous
skeleton
Sexual (separate sexes) and
asexual (regeneration)
reproduction
Radial body symmetry
Ectothermic or Cold blooded
Found in marine
environments