Chap 7 – The Skeleton
Learning Objectives:
1. Name and describe the bones of the skull,
vertebral column, thoracic cage, shoulder, hip,
arm, and leg. Name and describe the important
markings on these bones as well as any sutures.
2. Describe vertebrae structure and distinguish
between cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
3. Differentiate between true and false ribs.
Begin reading Chap 7 pgs 125 – 143. Complete questions on pgs
133 – 134, pg 135, pg 139, and 143 – 144.)
PREDICT
• How many bones in the skull?
NOTE: The skull is the cranium plus facial
bones (including jaw)
Answer: 22
Cranium
• Eight major cranial bones – ___ parietal,
___ temporal, frontal, occipital, sphenoid,
and ethmoid
• Also contains ‘minor’ bones of the middle
ear (we will study those later in Chap 10 –
The Nervous System)
• Cranial bones are ____ and remarkably
strong for their weight
Anterior View, pg 129
Label the cranial bones
(ones that are encircled
in red) ONLY for now!
Posterior View
Label red
encircled
structure
ONLY for
now. It is
the last of
the cranial
bones.
Quick Check
1. How many bones in just the cranium?
2. List the main bones of the cranium in
your notes now.
Individual Practice:
Getting To Know the
Cranial Bones &
Markings
Instructions: Match the specific bone
marking on the skull with the bone it is most
closely associated with. Answers can be
used more than once.
Important Markings
Answer Choices (Cranial
Bones)
1. Styloid process pg 131
a. Frontal pg. 129
2. External auditory canal, pg 130
b. Parietal pg. 129
3. Mastoid process pg 130
c. Occipital pg. 130
4. Sella turcica pg. 132
d. Temporal pg. 129 or 120
5. Crista galli pg. 132
e. Sphenoid pg. 132
6. Zygomatic process pg. 130
f. Ethmoid pg. 132
7. Foramen magnum pg. 131
8. Cribriform plate pg. 132
9. Hypoglossal canal,(text
reference) pg 131
10. Occipital condyle pg. 131
Frontal Bone,
• Forms the anterior
portion of the
_________
• Major markings
include the
supraorbital
margins
pg 129
Label bones with me.
Label only the ones I
indicate on your
practice diagrams.
Parietal Bones, pg 130 & 132
• Four _______ mark the
articulations of the parietal
bones
– Coronal suture – articulation
between parietal bones and
frontal bone anteriorly
– Squamosal or squamous
suture – where parietal and
temporal bones meet
– Sagittal suture – where right
and left parietal bones meet
superiorly
– Lambdoid suture – where
parietal bones meet the
occipital bone posteriorly
Occipital Bone,
pg 132
• Forms most of
skull’s posterior wall
and base
• Major markings
include:
occipital condyles
foramen magnum
hypoglossal canal
Temporal
Bone, pg
130
• Major markings
include:
- zygomatic process
- mastoid process
- styloid processes
- mandibular fossa
Sphenoid, pg 132
• _________________ bone
• Forms the central wedge
that articulates with all other
cranial bones
• Consists of:
- greater wings
- lesser wings
- pterygoid processes
• Major markings:
- sella turcica
- pterygoid processes
• Major openings include:
- foramen rotundum
- foramen ovale
- foramen spinosum
- optic canals
- superior orbital fissure
Ethmoid, pg 132
• Most ____ of the skull
bones; lies between
the sphenoid and
nasal bones
• Forms most of the
bony area between
the nasal cavity and
the orbits
• Major markings
include:
- crista galli
- cribriform plate
- nasal conchae
Individual Practice: Facial Bones, pg 129 - 132
•
•
Instructions: This practice should
answer the questions, “What is it? And
“Where is it located?” Match up the
bone with its description.
If you finish before most people, spend
your time locating the 8 facial bones
mentioned here on pages 129 - 132.
Also use your Powerpoint notes from
class to help complete this.
Facial Bone
Answer Choices
(descriptions)
1. vomer
a. constructs bridge of the
nose
2. inferior nasal concha
b. forms part of lateral wall
of the nasal cavity
3. zygomatic
c. forms parts of the medial
orbit wall
4. nasal
d. forms posterior part of the
hard palate & a small
part of nasal cavity and
orbit wall
5. maxilla
e. forms upper jaw and parts
of the hard palate,
orbits, and nasal cavity
walls
6. mandible
f. forms cheek and part of
orbit
7. lacrimal
g. part of nasal septum
8. palatine
h. lower jaw
Facial Bones
1. Maxilla
(upper jaw)
2. Palatine
bones
Facial Bones
continued
6. Lacrimal
3. Zygomatic
4. Mandible
7. Vomer
8. Inf. Nasal
concha
5. Nasal