Definitions of key words
Eye- the organ of sight.
Ear- the organ of hearing and equilibrium in vertebrates
Stimulus-something that excites an organism or part to functional activity.
response-an answer or reply, as in words or in some action.
sense organs- a specialized bodily structure that receives or is sensitive to
internal or external stimuli; receptor.
central nervous system (CNS)the part of the nervous system comprising the brain and spinal cord.
peripheral nervous system (PNS)the portion of the nervous system lying outside the brain and spinal cord.
sensory receptors- ?
sensory effectors,?
neurona specialized, impulse-conducting cell that is the
functional unit of the nervous system,
axonthe appendage of the neuron that transmits impulses
away from the cell body.
synapsea region where nerve impulses are transmitted and received,
, interneuronany neuron having its cell body,
, sensory neurona nerve cell that conducts impulses from a sense organ to the
central nervous system.
motor neuronsa nerve cell that conducts impulses to a muscle, gland, or other effector.
nerveone or more bundles of fibers forming part of a system that
conveys impulses of sensation, motion, etc.,
reflex arcthe nerve pathways followed by an impulse during a reflex.
cerebrumthe anterior and largest part of the brain, consisting of two
halves or hemispheres and serving to control voluntary
movements and coordinate mental actions.
cerebelluma large portion of the brain, serving to coordinate voluntary
movements, posture, and balance in humans,
brain stemthe portion of the brain that is continuous with the spinal cord
and comprises the medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, and parts of
meth hypothalamus,
corpus callosum?
homeostasisa state of psychological equilibrium obtained
when tension or a drive has been reduced or eliminated.
hormonesa synthetic substance used in medicine to
act like such a compound when introduced into the body.
endocrine gland-
any of various glands, as the thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary
glands, that secrete certain substances or hormones directly into
the blood.
coordinationthe act or state of coordinating or of being coordinated.
involuntary actionsnot voluntary; independent of one's will; not by one's ownchoice:
pituitary glanda small, somewhat cherry-shaped double structure attached by as
talk to the base of the brain and constituting the master
endocrine gland affecting all hormonal functions in the body,
adrenal glandone of a pair of ductless glands, located above the kidneys,
thyroidof or pertaining to the largest cartilage of the larynx, forming
the projection known in humans as the Adam's apple.
hypothalamusa region of the brain, between the thalamus and the midbrain,
that functions as the main control center for the autonomicnervous system
pancreasa gland, situated near the stomach, that secretes a digestive fluid
into the intestine through one or more ducts and also secretes the
hormone insulin.
insulina polypeptide hormone, produced by the beta
cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas, that
regulates the metabolism of glucose and other nutrients.
oestrogenany of several steroid hormones, that are secreted chiefly by the
ovaries and placenta, that induce estrus, stimulate changes in
the female reproductive organs during the estrous cycle, and
promote development of female secondary sexual characteristics
testosteronethe sex hormone, C 19 H 28 O 2 , secreted by
the testes, that stimulates the development of male sex
organs, secondary sexual traits, and sperm.