JBHA 9
chapter 28
Nervous System
Notes : underline/ highlight what you think is important in the following:
I. Organization of Human Nervous System
A. Central Nervous System (CNS)
1. Brain and spinal cord
2. Body’s control center
a. Organizes incoming information from sensory organs and
receptors
b. Issues outgoing commands to various parts of the body
3. Connected to rest of body by nerves that make up the...
B. Peripheral Nervous System
1. Composed of sensory neurons and motor neurons
a. Act as independent communications pathways
b. Each monitors a different part of the body
2. Carries nerve impulses sent between CNS and rest of body
II. Central Nervous System
A. The brain and its four major parts
1. Cerebrum
a. Wrinkled outer layer
b. Handles most sophisticated functions of brain (processes visual images, thinking, and
planning)
2. Cerebellum-essential for coordination of movement
3. Brain stem-contains nerves that control vital life processes that are not consciously controlled
(breathing, digestion, heart rate, etc.)
4. Hypothalamus
a. Body’s center for emotions and instincts such as pleasure, pain, hunger, and thirst
b. Maintains body’s temperature and water balance
B. Spinal cord-cable of nerve tissue that extends from brain stem down the back
1. Nerve impulses from body and brain run up and down it
2. Important component in making reflexes occur
3. Surrounded and protected by backbone
III. Peripheral Nervous System
A. Sensory neurons
1. Carry nerve impulses from sense organs and receptors to CNS
2. Also referred to as afferent neurons
B. Motor neurons
1. Carry nerve impulses from CNS to muscles and glands
2. Also referred to as efferent neurons