UNIT 9: World War I and the Interwar Period
Big Picture:
 WWI Causes and Effects
 Russian Revolution
 Peace Treaty
Required Readings:
The Western Heritage textbook: Chapter 25, 26, 27
Primary Sources: APPARTS SHEET FOR EACH (5)
Sources of Western Society Book:
Chapter 26 Lenin What is to be Done
 Woodrow Wilson 14th points
 A defeated Germany Contemplates the Peace Treaty 1919
Chapter 27- The Age of Anxiety
 Nietzche, God is Dead, the Victim of Science
 Keyenes, Th Economic Consequences of the Peace
Short Answers
WORLD WAR I
1. Explain and debate the causes of WWI.
2. Identify the countries involved in WWI and the sides for which they fought. Locate these countries and alliances
on a map. Explain Italy’s switching of sides. Explain when and why the US entered the war. Explain when and why
Russia withdrew.
3. Describe the course of WWI on the battle front. Describe the methods of warfare. Explain how the methods of
warfare represented something new in military history. Identify the major battles and explain their importance.
4. Define “total war” and describe the impact of WWI on the home front.
5. Describe the horrific costs and consequences of WWI.
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
6. Trace the chronology of events in Russia in 1917. Note that there were 2 revolutions, one in March (overthrow the
tsar) and one in November (overthrow the provisional government and establish communism).
7. Explain the causes of the Russian Revolution. This includes explaining the specific causes of first the March
revolution and then the Bolshevik revolution.
8. Describe Lenin’s leadership and explain Lenin’s ideology; that is, what ideas were central for Lenin.
9. Explain the causes and consequences of Russia’s civil war (1918-1920). Explain why the Bolsheviks won.
10. Explain the consequences of the Russian Revolution.
END OF WWI / PEACE SETTLEMENT
11. Explain the factors that brought WWI to an end in 1918. Include in this explanation a description of the political
revolution that took place in Germany in 1918 – explain why this revolution took place and the impact that it had.
12. Describe the process the Big Four went through to produce the Treaty of Versailles. Explain the conflict among
the Big Four over how to treat Germany – contrast Woodrow Wilson’s idealism with Britain and especially France’s
desire to punish Germany. Identify the four components of the Treaty of Versailles. Explain why the US rejected the
treaty.
13. Explain how the WWI peace settlements with the other defeated powers shattered empires and changed the
world map
TERMS TO KNOW
WORLD WAR I
1. MAIN causes: militarism, alliances,
imperialism, nationalism
2. Triple Alliance
3. Triple Entente
4. Central Powers
5. Allied Powers
6. Balkans
7. Congress of Berlin (1878)
8. Bosnia & Herzegovina
9. Archduke Francis Ferdinand
10. Black Hand
11. Gavrilo Princip
12. ultimatum
13. mobilization
14. Schlieffen Plan
15. Battle of the Marne
16. western front
17. trench warfare
18. no man’s land
19. Somme & Verdun (1916)
20. stalemate
21. eastern front
22. Lusitania
23. unrestricted submarine warfare
24. total war
25. rationing
26. propaganda
27. Walter Rathenau
28. War Raw Materials Board
29. Hindenburg & Ludendorff
30. Auxiliary Service Law
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
31. Tsar Nicholas II (r. 1894-1917)
32. Duma
33. Rasputin
34. March Revolution (March 1917)
35. Alexander Kerensky
36. provisional government
37. Petrograd Soviet
38. Army Order No. 1
39. Bolshevik Revolution (Nov. 1917)
40. V.I. Lenin
41. Bolsheviks
42. Mensheviks
43. Leon Trotsky
44. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Mar. 1918)
45. Constituent Assembly
46. Russian civil war – Whites vs. Reds (1918-20)
47. war communism
48. Cheka
END OF WWI / PEACE SETTLEMENT
49. second Battle of the Marne (July 1918)
50. armistice (11/11/1918 @ 11 a.m.)
51. German Revolution (Nov. 1918)
52. German Social Democrats
53. Karl Liebknicht & Rosa Luxemburg
54. Paris Peace Conference (January 1919)
55. Big Four
56. Woodrow Wilson
57. David Lloyd George
58. Georges Clemenceau
59. Fourteen Points
60. self-determination
61. League of Nations
62. Treaty of Versailles (June 28, 1919)
63. League of Nations mandates
64. war guilt clause
65. reparations
66. Henry Cabot Lodge