BIODIVERSITY
(Definition)
Number of species on earth
around 1.5 million per sq.km .
So far maximum have been
identified & many more are to
be identified(among animals
insects & fishes dominate
while in plants angiosperm and
fungi dominate)
BIODIVERSITY
(VARIETY AND VARIABILITY AMONG LIVING ORGANISMS)
Distributional Patterns
Species-Area
Relationship
log S=log C+ Z log
A
Latitudinal
Gradients(least in
poles, high in
equator & highest
in tropics)
Compiled by Suvra Das(PGT Biology),K.V.Gole Market, Delhi
BIODIVERSITY
(Classification on basis of Diversity)
SPECIES
DIVERSITY
It is number
of species in a
given area
and their
evenness in
distribution
GENETIC
DIVERSITY
It is variation
within the
population of
the same
species due to
difference in
allele/gene
ECOLOGICAL
DIVERSITY
It is variation in
ecosystem
along with
their biota
BIODIVERSITY
(In terms of utility)
Narrow utilitarian
Broad utilitarian
Food,Fodder,Firewood
,Fibre,Construction
material,Industrial
Products,Bioactive
Substances,Medicine(
Bioprospecting)
Ecosystem Services
BIODIVERSITY
(CAUSES OF LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY)
 Habitat Los
 Habitat Fragmentation
 Habitat Shrinkage
 Overexploitation/ Urbanisation
 Co-extinction & Mass extinction
 Invasion of alien species
 Pollution
 Global Climate Change
METHODS OF
CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY
In-situ(within natural
habitat)
PROTECTED AREAS
National Parks(90),
Wildlife Sanctuaries(448),
Biosphere
Ex-situ(outside natural
habitat)
Zoological Parks,
Botanical Garden,
Cryopreservation,
Sperm Bank,
Gene Bank
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
EFFORTS
International
Convention on Biological
Diversity(CBD),
Rio Summit 1992,
World Summit on Sustainable
Development Johannesburg
2002
National
National Biodiversity Act
2002,
National Biodiversity
Strategy Action Plan
Compiled by Suvra Das(PGT Biology), K.V.Gole Market, Delhi