Name ______________________________________________Date______________________________HR___________
Westward Expansion, Industrialization (The Gilded Age)and Immigration
Populist, trusts, Great Plains, Thomas Edison, Plessy vs. Ferguson, Knights of Labor, Homestead, Little Big Horn,
Exodusters, robber barons, reservations, Angel, Ellis, Custer, China, tenement, Tammany Hall, Free Silver, William
Jennings Bryan, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, W.E.B. De Bois, “separate but equal,”
Custer’s Last Stand, Dawes, AFL, Eastern & Southern, grange, JD Rockefeller, Booker T. Washington, Samuel Morse,
Andrew Carnegie, Jim Crow, Alexander Graham Bell, JP Morgan, Haymarket Square Riot, Sherman Anti-trust Act,
Bessemer
This chapter began with westward movement. Settlers were encouraged to move into the
___________________________________________ area (between the Rocky Mountains and Mississippi
River). Free land was given away under the ______________________________________ Act. Black settlers
called __________________________________________ also moved into this area. American Indians were
forced to live on _______________________________________ but not without a fight! The most famous
battle involved U.S. General ___________________________________ who was killed with all of his men at
______________________________ ________________ ___________________.This was called Custer’s
_____________________ ________________________. Indians were forced to become “Americans.” The
_____________________________ Act tried to eliminate the reservation system. Over time, railroads were
built across the country. In central U.S. farmers organized to protest against railroad monopolies in a group
called the _____________________________.
In big business, corporations form ____________________________, some became monopolies. This was done
through horizontal integration (buying out competitors) or vertical integration (buying out associated
businesses). The “____________________________ ____________________________ (also called “captains
of industry”) became some of the richest men in U.S. history. In oil, ___________________________________
became the owner of Standard Oil Trust. In steel, _______________________________________________
dominated. _________________________________________ bought Carnegie Steel and was a banker in
finance. A new process called the _____________________ Process made producing steel much faster and
cheaper. Carnegie became a very rich man from his steel company. Congress passed the
___________________________________________________________ Act to try to break up monopolies but
it had many loopholes.
Workers organized and formed unions to try to get better wages and working conditions. A famous
union was the ___________________________ ______ _______________ which had over 700,000 members
until they were blamed for a bombing known as the ______________________________________________
in Chicago. The next large union to form was the AFL under the leadership of Samuel Gompers. Another
important union organizer was Eugene Debs who went on to help start the Socialist Party of America. He ran
for president three times.
In immigration, most immigrants came through _________________ Island in New York City or
____________________ Island on the west coast in San Francisco. Immigrants from _____________________
were banned for ten years as a growing anti-immigration movement in the U.S. developed. “New” immigrants
often came from ____________________________ and ___________________________ Europe. Immigrants
helped increase the population of our cities but often were poor, living in ______________________________
housing in the ghettos of U.S. cities. Corrupt “political machines” formed in many cities, the most famous
being __________________________________ _____________________in New York City led by the famous
“Boss Tweed.”
Presidents of this time period were relatively weak. President #20 was James A. Garfield who was
assassinated. His VP, Chester Arthur, passed civil service reforms when he became president. President #22
and 24 was Grover Cleveland. A growing new party was the ________________________________ Party and
was mostly made up of farmers and common workers. They wanted ____________________________
_____________________________ added to the gold money standard and supported candidate
__________________________________________________________ in the election of 1896. He gave a
speech called “Cross of Gold.” Jennings lost the election.
The most famous inventor of this time was _____________________________________________who
invented the light bulb, motion pictures, the phonograph and nearly 800 useful items. He was known as the
“wizard of Menlo Park” because his first lab was located at Menlo Park, New Jersey. The telegraph was
invented by ______________________________________________, but it was soon replaced by the
telephone which was invented by _____________________________________________________.
In African American history, it was an era of racism and segregation. Segregation laws were called
“_________________ _____________________ laws” and were upheld by the Supreme Court case Plessy vs.
Ferguson which gave the idea of “separate but equal.” Black leaders were
__________________________________________________________ who started the first black college,
Tuskegee Institute. He believed it was not the right time to demand equal rights. The next major black voice in
the U.S. was _______________________________________________ who started the NAACP which stands
for
_________________________________________________________________________________________.
He advocated for equality and will be an important voice into the 1900s.