Big Question: What drives people
to explore harsh climates and
dangerous places?
Author:
Lynn Curlee
Genre:
Narrative
Nonfiction
Story Sort
Vocabulary Words:
 Arcade Games
 Study Stack
 Spelling City: Vocabulary
 Spelling City: Spelling Words
• hydrant
• chronic
• archive
• synonym
• antonym
• democracy
• hydrogen
• aristocrat
• dehydrated
• chronicle
• hydroplane
• chronology
• archaic
• homonym
• synchronize
• hydraulic
• archaeology
• anarchy
• hydroelectric
• bureaucracy
• hydrophobia
• chronological
• anachronism
• pseudonym
• aristocracy
Vocabulary Words
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conquer
destiny
expedition
insulated
isolation
navigator
provisions
verify
More Words to Know
 documentation
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unconventional
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icebergs
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solitary

thermometer
Question of the Day
What drives people to
explore in harsh
climates and dangerous
places?
Build Concepts
 Cause and Effect
 Summarize
 Build Background
 Vocabulary
 Fluency: Model Pauses
 Grammar: Subject and Object Pronouns
 Spelling: Greek Word Parts
 Polar Exploration

 Listen
as I read “20,000 Leagues
Under the Sea.”
 As I read, notice how I pause at
appropriate moments, rather than
trying to read the longest ones in one
breath.
 Be ready to answer questions after I
finish.
 Why
does Maury believe there
are continents in the Antarctic
Circle?
 Why does Captain Nemo say what
he does in the last line of the
excerpt?
icebergs – large masses of ice
floating in the sea
 solitary – alone; by oneself
 thermometer – a device used to
measure temperature, usually a
narrow tube filled with mercury
or alcohol
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(next slide)
(To add information to the graphic organizer, click on end
show, type in your new information, and save your changes.)
Climate
Polar
Exploration
Landforms
Explorers
North Pole
 This
week’s audio is an interview
with Julie Hansen, who traveled
to the North Pole. After we
listen, we will discuss Hansen’s
experiences.
 conquer – to overcome; get the
better of
 destiny – what becomes of someone
or something; one’s fate or fortune
 expedition – journey for some special
purpose, such as exploration,
scientific study, or military purposes
 insulated
– lined or surrounded with a
material that does not conduct
energy; protected from the loss of
heat, electricity, or sound
 navigator – person in charge of
finding the position and course of a
ship, aircraft, or expedition
 provisions – supply of food and drinks
 verify – to prove to be true; confirm
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documentation – proof or support of
a claim or opinion by evidence
unconventional – not bound by or
conforming to convention, rule, or
precedent; free from conventionality
(Next
Slide)
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him kept a cronicle during the
exploration
He kept a chronicle during the
exploration.
was the crew members supposed
to sincronize their watchs
Was the crew members supposed
to synchronize their watches?
 As
an explorer, Peary was
innovative. He took ideas and
improved on them.
 He
is a subject pronoun, and them is
an object pronoun.
 He
is the subject of the sentence,
and them is the object of the
preposition on.
A
personal pronoun used as the
subject of a sentence is called a
subject pronoun.
 He
published an article. She and
I read the article.
A
personal pronoun used as a
direct object, indirect object, or
object of a preposition is called
an object pronoun.
 The
explorer thanked them. I
gave the book to Becky and him.
 Subject
pronouns are I, you, he,
she, it, we, and they.
 Object
pronouns are me, you, him,
her, it, us, and them.
 Remember
to use the correct
pronoun form with a compound
subject or object pronoun.
 Subject
pronouns replace the
nouns they represent. Do not use
a subject pronoun with the noun it
represents.
 No:
Tim he went ice fishing with
his brother.
 Yes:
Tim went ice fishing with his
brother.
 Tamara
and (she, her)
photographed the Northern
Lights.

she
 (Them,
They) took enough supplies
for five years.
 They
 The
North Pole would be too cold
for (I, me).

me
 The
class accompanied (they,
them) to the museum.
 them
 Seth
and (he, him) are going on a
class field trip.

he
 (We,
Us) know what happened to
the explorers who sailed on the
Ornen.
 We
 Carlos
and (me, I) could lose toes
if they freeze.

I
 Mr.
Jasper wants to tell Diana and
(I, me) about his trip to
Greenland.
 me
 The
scientist invited Ms. Eddings
and (we, us) to view ancient relics.

us
 Deidra
studied hard, so there is
no reason for (her, she) to worry
about the test.
 her
 They
asked if Curt and (she, her)
would join the expedition.

she
 The
ice floe trapped the captain
and (he, him).
 him
• hydrant
• chronic
• archive
• synonym
• antonym
• democracy
• hydrogen
• aristocrat
• dehydrated
• chronicle
• hydroplane
• chronology
• archaic
• homonym
• synchronize
• hydraulic
• archaeology
• anarchy
• hydroelectric
• bureaucracy
• hydrophobia
• chronological
• anachronism
• pseudonym
• aristocracy
Question of the Day
What important
difference led to one
explorer’s success and
another’s failure?
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Vocabulary Strategy Lesson: Context Clues
Cause and Effect
Summarize
Main Idea
Vocabulary
Fluency: Choral Reading
Grammar: Subject and Object Pronouns
Spelling: Greek Word Parts
Time for Science: The Compass
Polar Exploration
 Turn
to page 415.
 As I read, pay attention to the
way I pause during and after
sentences.
 We will practice as a class doing
three choral readings of this
paragraph.
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admiral pearys team drinked plenty
of fluids. Them did not get
dehidrated
Admiral Peary’s team drank plenty
of fluids. They did not get
dehydrated.
the arkive at the library contain the
jounrals of explorers
The archive at the library contains
the journals of explorers.
A
pronoun takes the place of one or
more nouns or groups of nouns.
A
subject pronoun is a personal
pronoun used as the subject of a
sentence.
 An
object pronoun is a personal
pronoun used as a direct object,
indirect object, or the object of a
preposition.
• hydrant
• chronic
• archive
• synonym
• antonym
• democracy
• hydrogen
• aristocrat
• dehydrated
• chronicle
• hydroplane
• chronology
• archaic
• homonym
• synchronize
• hydraulic
• archaeology
• anarchy
• hydroelectric
• bureaucracy
• hydrophobia
• chronological
• anachronism
• pseudonym
• aristocracy
Question of the Day
What kind of person was
Peary? Explain.
Cause and Effect
 Summarize
 Vocabulary
 Fluency: Model Pauses
 Grammar: Subject and Object Pronouns
 Spelling: Greek Word Parts
 Time for Science: The Polar Icecap
 Polar Exploration

 Turn
to page 419.
 As I read the story of the Omen’s
voyage, notice the various
punctuation marks that indicate
pauses.
 Now we will practice together as a
class by doing three choral
readings.
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some inuit people lives in snow houses
on the ice
Some Inuit people live in snow houses
on the ice.
years ago, womans are not permitted
to participate in democrasy
Years ago, women were not permitted
to participate in democracy.
A
pronoun takes the place of one or
more nouns or groups of nouns.
A
subject pronoun is a personal
pronoun used as the subject of a
sentence.
 An
object pronoun is a personal
pronoun used as a direct object,
indirect object, or the object of a
preposition.
 Repeated
words can make sentences
wordy and boring. Replacing nouns and
noun phrases with pronouns can make
writing smoother and less wordy.
 Review
something you have written to
see if you can replace repeated nouns
with pronouns.
• hydrant
• chronic
• archive
• synonym
• antonym
• democracy
• hydrogen
• aristocrat
• dehydrated
• chronicle
• hydroplane
• chronology
• archaic
• homonym
• synchronize
• hydraulic
• archaeology
• anarchy
• hydroelectric
• bureaucracy
• hydrophobia
• chronological
• anachronism
• pseudonym
• aristocracy
Question of the Day
What does it take for an
animal or a person to
survive in the Arctic?
 Expository
Nonfiction
 Reading Across Texts
 Content-Area Vocabulary
 Fluency: Partner Reading
 Grammar: Subject and Object
Pronouns
 Spelling: Greek Word Parts
 Time for Science: Emperor Penguins
 Turn
to page 419, Omen’s voyage.
 Read these paragraphs three
times with a partner. Be sure to
read with proper pauses. Offer
each other feedback.
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many aristochrats financed
scientific exploration’s
Many aristocrats financed
scientific explorations.
president theodore roosevelt
supported pearys exlplorations
President Theodore Roosevelt
supported Peary’s explorations.
A
pronoun takes the place of one or
more nouns or groups of nouns.
A
subject pronoun is a personal
pronoun used as the subject of a
sentence.
 An
object pronoun is a personal
pronoun used as a direct object,
indirect object, or the object of a
preposition.
 Test
Tip: Watch out for compound
subject or object pronouns. If you are
confused about what pronoun to use,
try the sentence without the noun in
the compound.
 No:
Jane and me read about unknown
frontiers. (Me enjoy…)
 Yes:
Jane and I read about unknown
frontiers. (I enjoy…)
 No:
Mother told Jane and I to do our
homework. (Mother told I…)
 Yes:
Mother told Jane and me to do
our homework. (Mother told me…)
• hydrant
• chronic
• archive
• synonym
• antonym
• democracy
• hydrogen
• aristocrat
• dehydrated
• chronicle
• hydroplane
• chronology
• archaic
• homonym
• synchronize
• hydraulic
• archaeology
• anarchy
• hydroelectric
• bureaucracy
• hydrophobia
• chronological
• anachronism
• pseudonym
• aristocracy
Question of the Day
What drives people to
explore in harsh
climates and dangerous
places?
Build Concept Vocabulary
 Cause and Effect
 Tone
 Context Clues
 Grammar: Subject and Object
Pronouns
 Spelling: Greek Word Parts
 Diagram/Scale Drawing
 Polar Exploration

A
cause is what makes something
happen. An effect is something that
happens as the result of a cause. To
find a cause, ask yourself, “Why did
this happen?” To find an effect, ask
yourself, “What happened because of
this?”
 Clue words such as because, so, and
due to can help you spot cause-andeffect relationships.
 Sometimes
there are no clue words,
and a cause is not directly stated.
When this is the case, think about why
something happened.
Cause
What makes
something happen
Effect
What happened
 Tone
is an author’s attitude toward
his or her subject or toward the
audience.
 An author’s tone is like “tone of voice”
in speaking; it adds emotion to words.
 A reader can determine how the
author feels about the subject of the
text by recognizing tone.
You can use context clues to determine
the meaning of unfamiliar words.
 List any unknown words you
encountered as you read Into the Ice.
 Create a chart, showing the unknown
word, helpful context clues, and a
definition that fits the context. Use a
dictionary or thesaurus to confirm
definitions.

Words
Context Clues
Definition
A
diagram is a drawing, usually
with labeled parts. It shows how
something is put together or it
shows an action, such as a
particular play in a basketball
game.
A
scale drawing is a specific type
of diagram. It is drawn in exact
ratio to the object or geographical
area it represents. For example,
you might draw a building at a
scale of 1 inch to 1 foot.
A
scale is the mathematical ratio
you use to make your drawing. The
scale must be written somewhere
on the drawing so that anyone
using it for reference will know
the actual size of the object or
geographical area.
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admiral peary was fiftytwo when
him made his last exploration
Admiral Peary was fifty-two when
he made his last exploration.
peary and me would have made a
gooder team than peary and henson
Peary and I would have made a
better team than Peary and Henson.
A
pronoun takes the place of one or
more nouns or groups of nouns.
A
subject pronoun is a personal
pronoun used as the subject of a
sentence.
 An
object pronoun is a personal
pronoun used as a direct object,
indirect object, or the object of a
preposition.
• hydrant
• chronic
• archive
• synonym
• antonym
• democracy
• hydrogen
• aristocrat
• dehydrated
• chronicle
• hydroplane
• chronology
• archaic
• homonym
• synchronize
• hydraulic
• archaeology
• anarchy
• hydroelectric
• bureaucracy
• hydrophobia
• chronological
• anachronism
• pseudonym
• aristocracy

Story test
 Classroom webpage,
 Reading Test

AR
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