Chapter 5
Forearm and Elbow
Forearm
• Bones
– _________________
• Lateral
– ______________
• Medial
• Joints
– Wrist
• _____________
– Elbow
• _____________
Radius Anatomy
Distal
• _____________
– Distal conical projection
• _____________
– Depression for head of Ulna
• Body (Shaft)
Radius Anatomy
Proximal
• _______________
– Biceps tendon attachment
• Neck
• __________
Ulna Anatomy
Distal
• ________________
– Distal Conical projection
• Head
• Body (Shaft)
Ulna Anatomy
Proximal
• _______________
– Depression for radial head
• ______________
– Distal portion of elbow cup
• _______________
– Opposite to radial notch off coronoid process
Ulna Anatomy
Proximal
• _____________
– Depression making up the elbow with the
Humerus
• ______________
– Proximal portion of elbow cup
Forearm Imaging
Routine
•
•
•
•
AP
Lateral
40”SID
60+ kVp
AP Forearm
• Have patient sit so when arm is ________
it is ___________ with the table
• ____________ hand
• Align _________________with cassette
• Center to mid forearm. Collimate laterally
to skin
• Make sure _______________are included
Lateral Forearm
•
•
•
•
Flex ________________
Align _________________to film
Sit pt. so _______________with the table
Make sure wrist and elbow are on the
cassette
• Center to mid forearm
• Collimate to skin
Elbow
• Bones
– Distal __________
– Proximal ______________
– Proximal __________
• Ginglymus (Hinge) Joint
Distal Humerus
Medial Condyle
• _________________
– ___________ articulating process
– Articulates with Ulna
• ______________
– Trochlear _____________
• Depressed center groove
Distal Humerus
Lateral Condyle
• _________________
– Lateral articulating process
– Articulates with ___________• Head
Epicondyles
• Lateral _______________
– Lateral projection superior to capitulum
• Medial _______________
– Medial projection superior to trochlea
– Larger than lateral
Elbow Fossa
Distal Humerus
• Anterior
– _______________
• When elbow is flexed radial head “slides” into.
– ______________
• When elbow is flexed coronoid process “slides”
into.
• Posterior
– _______________
• When elbow is extended olecranon process
“slides” into
Fat Pads
• _________________ Pads of fat
– Can be indicator of joint problems such as fx if
displaced or distorted
• Located in the ______________
Wrist Fat Pads
• _________________
– Seen on PA and Oblique
– Just lateral to scaphoid / superior to radius
• ________________
– Seen on Lateral
– Anterior to Radius
Elbow Fat Pads
• __________________
– Seen on lateral
– Anterior to distal Humerus
• __________________
– Generally ________________radiograph
– Deep within olecranon fossa
• ________________
– Seen on lateral
– Anterior to radius
Elbow Imaging
Routine
•
•
•
•
•
•
AP
Lateral
Internal Oblique
External Oblique
40” SID
65+ kVp
AP Elbow
• Supinate Hand and ____________
• Sit patient so when arm is extended it is
level with the table
• Align ________________with cassette
• Center to mid elbow
• Collimate to skin
Lateral Elbow
• Flex _____________and position _____
into true lateral
• Sit pt so when bent arm is extended,
humerus is level with the table
• Center to mid elbow
• Collimate to elbow joint
• _____________ should be superimposed.
Internal Oblique Elbow
•
•
•
•
•
Extend arm as in AP
Pt arm should be level with table
________________
_____________________
Center to mid elbow. Collimate to skin
• Done for __________________process
External Oblique Elbow
•
•
•
•
•
Extend arm as in AP
Pt arm should be level with table
Lean pt laterally and rotate arm
___________________
Center at mid elbow. Collimate to skin
• Done _________________________