Elbow: Anatomy Bony Anatomy Radius Ulna Humerus – 2 condyles ◦ Lateral – capitulum Articulates with the radius ◦ Medial – trochlea Articulates with humerous Ligaments ◦ Ulnar collateral Medial epicondyle to ulnar trochlear notch Strong anterior band, weaker transverse & middle Gives medial support ◦ Radial collateral Lateral epicondyle to side of annular ligament Does not attach to radius Gives lateral support ◦ Annular Holds radius to ulna and humerus Allows rotation of radius (supination and flexion) Gives lateral support Muscles Flexion ◦ Biceps brachii, brachial, brachioradialis Extension ◦ Triceps brachii Pronation ◦ Pronator quadratus, pronator teres Supination ◦ Biceps brachii, supinator muscle Muscles Biceps brachii ◦ Insertion ◦ Insertion Tuberosity of the radius Styloid process of the raidus ◦ Movement ◦ Movement Flexes elbow, supinates forearm Brachialis ◦ Insertion Coronoid process of ulna ◦ Movement Flexes elbow Brachioradialis Flexes elbow Triceps brachii ◦ Insertion Olecranon process of ulna ◦ Movement Extension Muscles Supinator ◦ Insertion Proximal end of the lateral surface of the shaft of the radius ◦ Movement Supinates the elbow Pronator teres ◦ Insertion Middle of the lateral surface of the shaft of the radius ◦ Movement Pronates elbow Anconeus ◦ Insertion Lateral surface of the olecranon process of the ulna ◦ Movement Extends elbow Joints Humeroradial ◦ Articulation of lateral distal humerus and proximal radius Radioulnar ◦ Articulation between radial notich of the proximal lateral aspect of ulna, the radial head and capitulum of distal humerus Important in supination andpronation Humeroulnar ◦ Articulation between distal humerus medially and proximal ulna Nerves ◦ Median Passes deep in the cubital fossa medial to the biceps and brachialis ◦ Radial Lateral to biceps and brachialis ◦ Ulnar Courses posteriorly in groove between the medial epicondyle and olecranon process ◦ Musclocutaneous Passes through cubital fossa, supplies the anterior forearm and thenar muscles Elbow Anatomy MISC ◦ Medial & lat. Condyles with the olecranon process form a straight line when arm is straight Forms a triangle when arm is bent ◦ Posterolateral triangle – radial head, lat. Condyle, olecronon process Good place for aspiration Elbow Anatomy Carrying angle ◦ 5-15 degrees female 5-10 degrees male This angle will increase in athletes that have participated in throwing sports for a long time, or the angle could increase if there is a fx ROM ◦ Flexion – 145 degrees ◦ Extension – 0 / -5 degrees ◦ Pronation & supination – 90 degrees Flexion and Extension Pronation and Supination