California’s
Pierce’s Disease
Control Program
Bob Wynn
Statewide Coordinator
- November 2014 -
Background
1999: “Say goodbye to California wines.”
GWSS in California
June 2002
Containment
• Prevent GWSS from moving to new areas
Nursery
Bulk Citrus
Bulk Grape
Containment
Program Totals
• Nursery shipments
• Nursery rejections
• Citrus shipments
• Citrus rejections
818,200
597
732,525
252
Nursery ATP Program
• 8 nurseries (28 yards)
• Approx. 20% of nursery shipments are
from ATP nurseries
Statewide Survey
• Verify that at-risk areas are still uninfested
• Look for new/unknown infestations of GWSS
• Currently being conducted in 49 counties
(6 generally infested, 36 uninfested, 7 partially infested)
• Approximately 38,000 traps deployed in nursery
and urban/residential areas during peak season
Rapid Response
Recent Highlights
• GWSS infestations eradicated in San Luis Obispo
and Santa Clara County
• GWSS trapped in Alameda, Fresno, Imperial, Santa
Clara, and Tulare County
Biological Control
Program Totals
•
•
•
•
7 species released
15 counties covered
172 release sites
2.48 million agents released
Recent Activity
• Arvin production facility
(2 greenhouses, 5,000 sq ft)
• 3 species being released
• Releases in Fresno, Kern,
Madera, Santa Barbara, Tulare,
and Ventura County
Area-wide Projects
Coordinated vector control over large agricultural areas
Area-wide Projects
Tulare County
Kern County
180,000
180,000
160,000
160,000
140,000
140,000
120,000
120,000
100,000
100,000
80,000
80,000
60,000
60,000
40,000
40,000
20,000
20,000
0
0
Area-wide Projects
- Funds requested for FY 2015 -
•
•
•
•
Kern County
$1,000,000
Tulare County
$580,000
Fresno County
$323,971
Madera County $143,736
$2,047,707
Past & Present
Then
Now
Research
•
Over 200 projects
conducted since 1999
• Symposium held 12 years;
915 reports in 13 years of
Proceedings
• Next Symposium will be
held Dec. 15-17, 2014 in
Sacramento
• Field trials in progress
(conventionally-bred &
transgenic methods)
Commercializing Promising Technologies
Objectives
•
•
•
•
PD protection to growers as soon as possible
Insurance against future, devastating outbreaks
Protect California grape industry
Protect National grape industry
Technology Facilitator
• Began in July 2013
• Providing advice and guidance on the
development and commercialization of
promising discoveries and technologies
• Serves on research-related committees
14 Years  Technology & Product Pipeline
Conventional Breeding
Ongoing Breeding Program
Protection from Transgenic Strategies
Ongoing Science
Walker Breeding Program:
Current Cultivars, Ongoing Pipeline
Cultivars advanced to FPS March, 2013:
•
•
•
•
15 cultivars: seven 94%, eight 97% vinifera
Three rootstocks
All PdR1: from b43-17 cross with V. arizonica
Last vinifera parent: Cabernet, Zin, Chardonnay, Petite Sirah,
Lacryma Christi, Cab x Carignane
• Earliest release to nurseries: 2015; additonal 3+ years to growers
Cultivars expected to be advanced to FPS May, 2014:
• ~10 cultivars: 97% vinifera
• 97%: Cabernet Sauvignon, Zin, Chardonnay, Sylvaner: early, mid-early,
mid, late
• Earliest release to nurseries: 2016; additional 3+ years to growers
Current field trials:
•
•
•
•
CA: Davis, Napa: mostly 88%, 94%, some 97%
TX: 3 sites; 88%, 94% vinifera
AL: 1 site
FL: potential 1 site
Ongoing pipeline:
• Additional resistance genes: Southeast US, Mexico: V. shuttlworthii,
BD5-117
• Multi-gene resistance, complex crosses
• Advanced materials for continued breeding
• Adding powdery mildew resistance, salt/drought resistance
Transgenic Strategies
Gum ‘em up:
Kirkpatrick: Hemagglutinin
Lindow: DSF
Search and destroy:
Dandekar: chimeric bind & lyse
Grape life support:
Gilchrist: PR1 and UT456
Passport denied:
Powell, et. al.: PGIP
Viticulture Consultant
• Began in February 2014
• Providing advice and guidance on the
viticultural practices followed in the field trials
• Advises on other research-related activities
• Serves on research-related committees
Field Trials
Field Trials
Untransformed
Thompson Seedless
Transformed Thompson
Seedless
Other Designated Pests & Diseases
• Beginning in 2010, assessment funds may be
spent for research and outreach on other pests
and diseases of winegrapes
• Pest or disease must be formally designated
• To formally designate, specified findings must
be made
• Currently designated:
•
•
•
•
European grapevine moth
Brown marmorated stink bug
Red blotch
Vine mealybug
AB 1642
• Introduced February 2014 by Assembly
member Chesbro et al.
• Signed by Governor in August 2014
• Continues the Pierce’s Disease Control
Program, PD/GWSS Board, winegrape
assessment, and PD Advisory Task Force for
another five years
• Continuation of Board and assessment is
contingent upon favorable grower vote, to be
held this Spring
Thank you!
--Questions?