File
1
Chromosome
Structure
2
Chromosome
Number
3
Prokaryotic
Cell Division
4
Eukaryotic
Cell Division
5
Cell Cycle
6
Cytokinesis
7
Chromosome
Structure
Chromosome
Number
Prokaryotic
Cell
Division
Eukaryotic
Cell
Division
Cell
Cycle
Cytokinesis
This molecule makes up
Chromosomes
9
What is DNA?
10
Eukaryotic DNA coils around these proteins
11
What are Histones?
12
Six billion pairs of these make up
DNA
13
What are nucleotides?
14
Control activity of specific areas of DNA
15
What are
Nonhistone proteins?
16
Identical halves of a chromosome
17
What are sister chromatids?
18
Chromosome number found in human somatic cells
19
What is 46?
20
Last two possible chromosomes on a karyotype
21
What is XX or
XY (sex chromosomes)?
22
Human egg and sperm with only 23 chromosomes have this chromosome number
23
What is 1n or haploid?
24
All the chromosomes in an organism except X and Y
25
What are autosomes?
26
Number of copies of each autosome found in the body cell of an organism
27
What is two?
28
Example of a common prokaryote
29
What are bacteria?
30
Characteristic that groups all
Prokaryotes together
31
What is no nucleus
& no membranebound organelles?
32
Type of reproduction used by bacteria
33
What is asexual?
34
35
Division of prokaryotic cells is called this
36
What is binary fission?
37
Comparison of daughter cells formed when a bacterial cell divides
38
What is identical?
39
Organelle in eukaryotes where
DNA is found
40
What is the nucleus?
41
Division of body cells is called this
42
What is mitosis?
43
Cell division that occurs in the ovaries & testes
44
What is Meiosis?
45
Most common type of reproduction used by unicellular eukaryotes
46
What is mitosis?
47
Fastest method of reproduction in eukaryotes
48
What is mitosis?
49
The longest phase of the cell cycle
50
What is interphase?
51
Shortest phase of the cell cycle
52
What is cytokinesis?
53
Phase of the cell cycle in which the nucleus divides
54
What is mitosis?
55
Phase of the cell cycle when DNA is copied
56
What is the S phase?
57
Phase where cells exit the cell cycle and don’t divide or copy DNA
58
What is the G o phase?
59
This part of a cell undergoes division
60
What is cytokinesis?
61
Cytokinesis begins during this mitotic stage
62
What is telophase?
63
This forms and divides animal cells
64
What is a cleavage furrow?
65
This forms and divides plant cells
66
What is a cell plate?
67
The amount of organelles a cell has immediately following cytokinesis
68
What is one-half?
69
70
71
Mitotic Spindle
72
Organelles and their functions
73
Metabolism
74
Meiosis I
75
Meiosis II
76
Membrane structure and function
77
Mitotic
Spindle
ORGANELLES
AND THEIR
FUNCTIONS
METABOLIS
M
Meiosis
I
Meiosis
II
MEMBRANE
STRUCTURE &
FXN
Mitotic phase in which the spindle begins to form
79
What is prophase?
80
Pair of cylindrical bodies in animal cells that forms the spindle
81
What are centrioles?
82
Spindle fibers are made of these structures found in the cytoplasm
83
What are microtubules?
84
Spindle fibers that attach to the centromere of a chromosome pair
85
What are kinetochore fibers?
86
Spindle fibers that extend completely across a dividing cell
87
What are polar fibers?
88
Situated just outside the plasma membrane, this structure is composed of glycoproteins secreted by the cell.
89
What is the
Extracellular Matrix
90
Provide channels between adjacent animal cells through which ions, sugars, and other small molecules can pass.
91
What are Gap junctions?
92
Channels that perforate adjacent plant cell walls and allow the passage of some molecules from cell to cell.
93
What are plasmodesmata?
94
Single membrane-bound compartments in the cell responsible for various metabolic functions that involve the transfer of hydrogen from compounds to oxygen, producing
Hydrogen peroxide.
95
What are peroxisomes?
96
These fibers make up the cytoskeleton:
97
What are
Microtubules,
Microfilaments, and intermediate filaments?
98
The totality of an organism’s chemical reactions, managing the material and energy resources to the cell.
99
What is metabolism?
100
Two pathways involved in metabolism, one leads to the release of energy by the breakdown of complex molecules to simpler compounds. The second pathway consumes energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones.
101
What are catabolic, and anabolic pathways?
102
The reactant that the enzyme acts on.
103
What is the substrate?
104
Reversible inhibitors tat compete with the substrate for the active site on an enzyme.
105
What are competitive inhibitors?
106
The energy that is available to perform work when the temperature of a system is uniform.
107
What is free energy?
108
Phase in which DNA coils into chromosomes
109
What is Prophase
I?
110
Two structures that disassemble at the beginning of
Meiosis I
111
What is the nucleolus & nuclear envelope?
112
The pairing of homologous chromosomes
113
What is synapsis?
114
Number of chromosomes in a tetrad
115
What is four?
116
117
Exchange of genes that occurs during
Meiosis I
118
What is crossingover?
119
This process occurs before Meiosis I, but Not before
Meiosis II
120
What is copying
DNA?
121
Spindle fibers reform in this phase
122
What is Prophase
II?
123
Chromosomes are found here during
Metaphase I
124
What is the equator?
125
Organs in which
Meiosis occurs
126
What are the testes and ovaries?
127
128
Chromosome number of cells at the end of Meiosis II
129
What is 1n or haploid?
130
The process by which ions and hydrophilic substances diffuse across the cell membrane with the help of transport proteins.
131
What facilitated diffusion?
132
In passive diffusion, a substance travels from where it is more concentrated to where it is less concentrated along this gradient.
133
What is the concentration gradient?
134
This type of solution will cause the cell to lose water to its surroundings.
135
What is
Hypertonic?
136
An ATP pump that transports a specific solute indirectly, and drives the active transport of other substances.
137
What is cotransport?
138
When a cell wraps pseudopodia around a solid particle and brings it into the cell.
139
What is phagocytosis?
140
Certain substances bind to specific receptors on the cell’s surface, and this causes a vesicle to form around the substance and then to pinch off into the cytoplasm.
141
What is
Receptormediated endocytosis?
142
