Write the formula for the following: ◦ Lithium Iodide ◦ Potassium hydroxide ◦ Magnesium oxide Name the following compounds: ◦ Na2O ◦ MgCl2 ◦ CaSO4 What is a binary compound? Definitions of acid and base Strong acid/strong base - definition Some common household examples of each What formulas may look like (start with, end with, examples) Properties of acids and bases pH scale – How do you determine acid or base Whitaker 14 May 2014 Contains more Hydrogen ions (H+) or Hydronium ions (H3O+) than hydroxide ions (OH-) Formulas start with Hydrogen pH less than 7 Properties ◦ Sour taste ◦ React with metals to produce H2 ◦ Reacts with bases to produce a salt and water. ◦ Changes Phenolphthalein clear Common Acids ◦ Acetic Acid (Vinegar) ◦ Sulfuric Acid (Battery Acid) ◦ Citric Acid (Lemon Juice/Orange Juice/Lime Juice) Contains more hydroxide ions (OH-) than Hydrogen ions (H+) or Hydronium ions (H3O+) Formulas generally end in -OH pH greater than 7 Properties ◦ Bitter taste ◦ Feel Slippery/Soapy ◦ Reacts with acids to produce a salt and water. ◦ Changes Phenolphthalein pink Common bases ◦ Sodium Hydroxide (Drano) ◦ Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia/Antacid) ◦ Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach) These are named just like normal compounds that we’ve already learned about: ◦ NaOH – Sodium Hydroxide ◦ LiOH ◦ Ca(OH)2 ◦ KOH There are two types of acids: ◦ Oxyacids ◦ Binary Acids The type of acid determines how it will be named. Contain Polyatomic Ions (will have more than two elements!) Notice polyatomic ions generally end in either –ate or –ite. If the polyatomic ends in –ate change the –ate to –ic and add acid to the name. ◦ Ex. H2SO4 If the polyatomic ands in –ite change the –ite to –ous and add acid to the name ◦ Ex. HClO2 Name the following Oxyacids: HClO3 H2SO3 H2CO3 HNO3 Write the formula for: Chlorous acid Sulfic acid Nitrous acid Contain ONLY two elements!! Take the root word of the anion (negative ion) and place it into the pattern of hydro_______-ic acid Ex. HCl Name the following binary acids: HI HBr Write the formula for the following binary acids: Hydrochloric acid Hydrofluoric acid Write the formula or name of the following acids: Acetic Acid HNO3 Hydrofluoric acid H2SO4 Sulfous acid HBr Acids exist at what pH range? Bases have what taste? What happens when you mix an acid and a base? Name the following: ◦ HCl ◦ HClO Write the formula for the following: ◦ Hydroiodic acid ◦ Chromic acid