Volcano Stations
REVIEW
QUESTION #1
1. How are volcanoes considered both
constructive and destructive forces in
geology?
ANSWER
1. How are volcanoes considered both
constructive and destructive forces in
geology?
•
Create crust with lava eruptions and
destroy crust with explosive eruptions
QUESTION #2
2. What is the difference between a lava
flow and a pyroclastic flow?
ANSWER
2. What is the difference between a lava
flow and a pyroclastic flow?
•
Lava flows are molten rock while
pyroclastic flows are rock fragments,
dust, ash & gases
QUESTION #3
3. Where do explosive volcanoes get
their high water content in their
magma?
ANSWER
3. Where do explosive volcanoes get their
high water content in their magma?
•
Explosive volcanoes occur along
subduction zones where ocean water
also becomes subducted with the plate.
QUESTION #4
4. Which pyroclastic material is about the
size of a quarter?
ANSWER
4. Which pyroclastic material is about the
size of a quarter?
• Lapilla (cinders)
QUESTION #5
5. Provide THREE ways pyroclastic flows
can be deadly:
ANSWER
5. Provide THREE ways pyroclastic flows can be
deadly:
• Speed of the cinders
• Extreme heat
• Poisonous gas
QUESTION #6
6. What is the difference between
pahoehoe lava and aa lava?
ANSWER
6. What is the difference between pahoehoe lava and aa
lava?
•
Its viscosity – pahoehoe has high viscosity (flows
slowly), while aa has low viscosity (flows quickly)
Pahoehoe lava
aa lava
QUESTION #7
7. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as
either explosive or nonexplosive?
(B) Kilauea
eruption
(A) Aleutian Island Volcano
(C) Eruption along
midocean ridge
(D) Mayon Volcano, Philippines
ANSWER
7. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as
either explosive or nonexplosive?
(B) Kilauea
eruption NONEXPLOSIVE
(A) Aleutian Island Volcano EXPLOSIVE
(C) Eruption along
midocean ridge NONEXPLOSIVE
(D) Mayon Volcano, Philippines EXPLOSIVE
QUESTION #8
8. Identify the pictures below as one of the
THREE types of volcanoes.
(A) Mount Fuji, Japan
(C) Sunset Crater, Arizona
(B) Iceland volcano
ANSWER
8. Identify the pictures below as one of the
THREE types of volcanoes.
(A) Mount Fuji, Japan
– STRATOVOLCANO
(C) Sunset Crater, Arizona –
CINDER CONE
(B) Iceland volcano – SHIELD VOLCANO
QUESTION #9
9. How does solid rock in the
asthenosphere become liquid in a
magma chamber of a volcano?
ANSWER
9. How does solid rock in the asthenosphere become
liquid in a magma chamber of a volcano?
•
As rock in the asthenosphere rises from differences in
temperature & density, pressure decreases allowing the
putty like rock to melt and rise into a magma chamber.
QUESTION #10
10.How can a volcano affect global
temperature?
ANSWER
10.How can a volcano affect global temperature?
• The volcanic dust and sulfur gas stay
suspended in the atmosphere for long periods
of time (possibly years) spreading across the
globe and blocking the amount of solar
radiation reaching the Earth.
Redoubt in Alaska
Mount Pinatubo
QUESTION #11
11. Explain how composite (strato)
volcanoes are made in layers.
ANSWER
11. Explain how composite (strato) volcanoes are
made in layers.
•
These types of volcanoes alternate between
having lava flows and then producing
pyroclastic material so the sides are built by
layers of these 2 types of material