8th grade final exam study sheet semester 2 2013
Name __________________
Scientists to know:
Theories
Wegener
Continental drift
Hess
Seafloor spreading
Mendeleev
Periodic table
Dalton
First atomic model
Rutherford
Nucleus in atoms
Plate tectonics theory – several scientists built on each other’s work – the idea that the lithosphere is
broken into sections
Vocabulary:
Magnitude –
focus –
epicenter –
volcano –
lithosphere –
surface waves –
pyroclastic flow –
Pangaea –
Richter –
lava/magma
plate –
fault –
Boundaries:
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Subduction
Be sure you know the boundaries, what kinds of faults are produced and what forces (table from
chapter 9 test)
Volcano types and characteristics
Shield – broad, flat, lava oozes out. thick lava
Cinder cone – steep, tall, explosive eruptions, High gas content in magma
Composite – the “typical” volcano – may be explosive or not. Most common type, many materials
produced.
Vocabulary: Be sure you can calculate half life (see test)
Half-life
Radioactive decay
Radiometric dating
trace fossils
fossil
superposition
uniformitarianism
unconformities - Know the 3 types disconformity, angular unconformity, nonconformity
Know the conditions necessary for fossils to form
Vocabulary
proton
neutron
electron
atomic number
mass number
isotopes
element
transmutation
alpha particle
beta particle
Be able to calculate number of protons, electrons and neutrons if you are given atomic number
and mass number.
Know that in neutral atoms, positive and negative charges have to be equal
Vocabulary
Metals
Metalloids
Non metals
group
valence
period
covalent
ionic
ion
catalyst
exothermic
endothermic
products
reactants
Collisions between molecules speeds up a reaction. Also greater temperature increases reaction speed.
Be able to give an example of physical change, chemical change, and evidence that a chemical
reaction has taken place.
Be able to draw a Bohr and Lewis diagram of an atom
Practice balancing equations.
Vocabulary
acceleration
momentum
mass
velocity
inertia
speed
friction
displacement
HAVE your calculator and formula card (make a new one and include Newton’s second law)
You will have problems to solve involving distance, displacement, acceleration, speed, and
momentum
Vocabulary
force
net force
gravity
friction
balanced and unbalanced forces
Newton’s first, second, and third laws