From the French Revolution to the
Latin American Revolutions
1791-1822
1815 Battle of Waterloo



Napoleon Forces
Defeated ended French
Revolution
Napoleon Exiled to
Island of St. Helena
Monarchy restored in
France/ King Louis
XVIII
Congress of Vienna




European Powers meet to
restore peace to Europe
after war
Conservatives triumph/
Monarchies restored
Concert of Europe –
Coalition of European
powers to keep peace and
solve conflicts
Unable to stop spread of
Liberalism and Nationalism
Enlightenment Ideas spread
to Latin America

300 years of rigid social
structure in Latin
America caused
discontent and
resentment
Colonialism in the Americas
1800s
A: The Marketplace of Tlatelolco by Diego Rivera
1945
Meaning


Mural shows life in Aztec times
Idealized Market at Tlatelolco under Aztec
rule
B:The Conquest by
José Orozco, 1939
Meaning

Spanish conqueror
Hernán Cortés
arrived in
in 1519
Tenochtitlan,
Mexico
C: The Absorption of the Indian by
Jose Orozco, 1927
Meaning



Symbolizing the
mythical first
coupling of Spanish
man and Indian
woman
Hernán Cortéz and
Malinche/Dona
Marina
Creating the Mestizo
Colonial Domination
D : by Diego Rivera
1933
Meaning
300 years of mistreatment by the
Colonizing Spanish

Enlightenment Inspires Latin
Americans


Nationalism leads to
resentment of French
Ruler in Spain
Simón Bolivar inspired
by French
Revolutionaries
Slave Win Freedom in Haiti
Island slaves revoled in
1791
 Toussaint L’Ouverture
Educated slave/ lead revolt
 French unable to stop
revolt
 1820 Haiti became an
independent republic

Mexico and Central America Revolt



Slave revolts inspired
creoles to revolt
Sept. 15, 1810 Father
Miguel Hidalgo
encouraged Mexicans to
fight for Freedom from
Spanish rule.
“The Grito” / The Cry
E: The Fight for Liberty by
José Orozco, 1939

Father Hidalgo Leading a revolt 1810
Father José Morelos







Mestizo Priest
Continued the call for
Revolution
Wanted Politcal and social
reform
1820 Liberals forced king in
Spain to adopt a constitution
Creoles, Mestizos, Indians
banned together
Mexico gained
independence 1820.
Central America split into
separate states
Revolution Ignites South America
Creoles admired French and American
Revolutions
 1810 Simón Bolivar lead uprising in
Venezuela
 Known as “The Liberator”
 Joined forces with Jose de San Martin
 By 1822, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia,
And Chile gained independence from Spain

Freedom leads to Power Struggle





Bolivar wanted to unite
lands he liberated into a
single nation called Grand
Columbia
Bitter rivals developed
Split into 4 independent
states
Power struggles and Civil
War
Common people exchanged
one set of masters for
another
F: David Alfaro Siqueiros
Murals
Meaning


Years of mistreatment by Caudillos
Military dictators