http://www.skidmore.edu/academics/biology/plant_bio/lab13.FUNGI.html
http://www.utoronto.ca/greenblattlab/yeast.htm
Kingdom Fungi
http://cc.ysu.edu/eohs/bulletins/images/thumbs/Mold%20plate.JPG
Objectives:
1. Know the six main characteristics of the fungi kingdom.
2. Know how multi-cellular fungi are made.
3. Know how fungi reproduce.
4. Know the main characteristics and examples of the four
types of fungi.
5. Know what a lichen is.
1. Cells contain a nucleus (Eukaryotic).
2. Cells do have a cell wall.
3. Most are multi-cellular; some are unicellular.
4. Do NOT move from place to place.
5. Breakdown and recycle dead material
(decomposers)
6. Can reproduce asexually or sexually.
http://fogcity.blogs.com/jen/photography/
Main Characteristics:
What make up multi-cellular fungi?
hyphae - chains of cells
mycelium - a twisted mass of hyphae grown together.
Think of a rope or a piece of string. They are made up of thinner strands
twisted together.
Holes are found in the cell walls of fungi to allow
movement of cytoplasm and materials throughout the
fungus.
http://www.anselm.edu/homepage/jpitocch/genbios/31-01-FungalMycelia-L.jpg
Types of asexual reproduction in fungi.
1. Hyphae break apart and each new piece
becomes a new individual. (Regeneration)
2. Production of spores, small reproductive cells that
are protected by a cell wall.
- They can travel by wind and produce a new
fungus if the conditions are right where they land.
3. Budding occurs in yeast. A new cell pinches off of
the parent cell. This is similar to fission except
the offspring is much smaller than the parent.
Sexual Reproduction in Fungi
Sexual spores are produced when two different
hyphae grow close together and join.
A new fungus will grow that is genetically different
than the two parent fungi.
There are four main groups of Fungi.
1. Threadlike Fungi
- Most live in soil
- Most are decomposers
- Reproduces asexually. Spores are
produced in sporangia.
- Reproduce sexually by joining hyphae.
- Examples: Molds – shapeless fuzzy fungi
http://www.davidlnelson.md/Cazadero/Fungi.htm
2. Sac Fungi
- Most are multi-cellular. Yeast is unicellular.
- Most are parasites.
- Reproduce sexually. Spores are produced in an
ascus.
- Examples: yeast, truffles, morels and
powdery mildew.
http://www.inra.fr/Internet/Produits/HYP3/pathogene/6sphafu.htm
http://www.davidlnelson.md/Cazadero/Fungi.htm
3. Club Fungi
- Multi-cellular.
- Most are decomposers.
- Reproduces sexually. Spores are
produced in basidia.
- Examples: umbrella-shaped mushrooms
http://www.davidlnelson.md/Cazadero/Fungi.htm
4. Imperfect Fungi
- All fungi that do not fit in the other three
categories.
- Most are parasites that cause disease.
- Reproduces asexually.
- Some are useful: make medicines and food.
What is a lichen?
A lichen is a combination of a fungus and an alga
that grow together.
The alga lives inside the fungus.
The alga and fungus work together to live.
Lichens are producers.
http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20lectures/Fungi/fungi.htm