Chapter 7: How Cells Make ATP: Energy-Releasing Pathways – Guided Reading
1.
Describe cellular respiration and write out the summary equation.
2.
List and briefly describe the 4 stages of aerobic cellular respiration. Include where each one occurs.
3.
Define the following: a.
Dehydrogenation b.
Decarboxylation c.
Phosphorylation
4.
Diagram the steps of Glycolysis including initial reactants, intermediates, products and enzymes for each step. (continued on next page)
1 st phase
1

2 nd phase
5.
What is the net yield per glucose for ATP and NADH in glycolysis?
6.
Diagram the steps of the Formation of Acetyl CoA.
7.
Diagram the steps for the Citric Acid Cycle including the names of all substances involved.
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8.
How many times must the Citric Acid Cycle take place in order to process the carbons from 1 glucose?
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
In words, describe the Electron Transport chain (ETC) of aerobic Cellular Respiration.
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
What is substrate level phosphorylation?
What is the final electron acceptor for the ETC?
Why can aerobic organisms die when there is little to no oxygen available?
How do poisons like cyanide influence the production of ATP?
15.
Diagram the steps of the ETC for aerobic cellular respiration. You may want to make a drawing.
Make sure to include ATP synthase.
16.
Explain how a proton gradient, established by the ETC, helps to produce ATP.
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17.
Fill in the following chart:
Stage of Cellular
Respiration
Glycolysis
Formation of Acetyl CoA
# Net ATP produced # Net NADH produced
21.
Other than glucose what are 2 other forms of energy for cells?
# Net FADH
2 produced
Citric Acid Cycle
ETC
18.
Explain how the ETC can make 32 or 34 ATPs.
19.
Overall, what is the ATP yield for aerobic cellular respiration?
20.
Explain how electrons from the NADH made during glycolysis make it to the mitochondrial matrix.
22.
How do cells change amino acids into usable forms of energy? Give examples.
23.
How do cells change fatty acids into usable forms of energy?
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24.
Describe anaerobic cellular respiration. What substances can be the final electron acceptors?
25.
Explain how glycolysis keeps going in fermentation.
26.
Describe alcohol fermentation. How is ethyl alcohol formed?
27.
Describe lactic acid fermentation. How is lactate formed?
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