Material and Waste
Materials Management
Planning of material use, material reuse, material reduction
and recycling begins in the first stage of a project.
Material cost control and profitability starts with a plan.
Implementing it can save significant costs in materials.
Successful plan relies on the skills of many professionals,
from the architect and designers through project
management to the trade contractors.
Materials management
Pre-construction people involved
 Architect (design for best use of standard sizes, for
multiple applications and their recyclability)
 Engineer (ensures appropriate structural component
dimensions, quality and spacing for standard fastener
and materials)
 Estimator (uses latest materials takeoff technologies
and exercises accuracy in estimates)
 Purchaser (plan purchases and deliveries to reduce
surplus and to balance materials maintenance during
on-site storage versus transportation costs)
Materials Management Plan
In this process we decide:
 How building is designed and how materials are
estimated
 How materials are acquired, packed and transported on
construction site
 How the delivery schedule is designed
 How contractors plan materials use and how they
manage previously used materials and cuts
 How waste is managed for use elsewhere or recycling
rather then being discarded in a landfill
Material Management plan
Plan consists of procedures guiding all the professionals and
trades involving in the entire process of the construction.
It is two-phase plan :
- design phase
- construction phase
With four sections :
- Review
- Reduce
- Reuse
- Recycle
Material Management plan
Material Management plan
 Review
Reconsider design philosophies and practices. Review company’s
policies regarding estimating and purchasing, and the construction
site practices. Are they valid in today’s economy or procedures ?
 Reduce
Reduce quantities purchased as well as waste. More care taken on the
jobsite and different cleanup practices could dramatically reduce
waste. Create list of waste-reducing practices
 Reuse
 Recycle
Material and Waste
Construction Waste - Waste materials generated
by construction activities, such as scrap, damaged or
spoiled materials, temporary and expendable
construction materials, and aids that are not
included in the finished project, packaging
materials, and waste generated by the workforce.
Construction Waste
Division by types of work:
 Construction: 9%
 Renovation: 38%
 Demolition: 53%
Construction Waste
Division by materials:
Concrete and rubble: 40% to 50%
Wood: 20% to 30%
Drywall: 5% to 15%
Asphalt roofing: 1% to 10%
Metals, Bricks and Plastics: 1% to 5%
How to reduce quantity of wastes?
 Be efficient in area and volume. Try to use only that much material
what is needed to accomplish project
 Where possible, select construction systems that do not require
temporary support, or other materials that will be disposed of as debris
during the project.
 Where possible, select materials that do not rely on adhesives, which
create packaging waste. Furthermore, adhesives inhibit salvage and
recycling at the end of the component's or building's life.
 Try to avoid materials which are sensitive to damage
How to reduce quantity of wastes?
 Perform multiple functions with one material rather than requiring
multiple materials to perform one function
 Try to use standard material and product dimensions, without
cutting, where it is not necessary
 Where possible, reduce requirements for applied finishes, laminates,
coatings, adhesives, and the associated scrap, packaging, and waste
Steps to control quality and
minimize the losses in materials
 General description of the site: included the name of the company,
the name of the site manager, gross floor area, construction schedule,
list of documents provided by the company
 Measurement of work completed
 Control of material deliveries and withdrawals before transporting:
included the specifications and quantities of materials, based on
documents provided by the company
 Measurement of inventories
Steps to control quality and
minimize the losses in materials
 Control of material deliveries and withdrawals after transporting:
included the date, specifications, and actual quantities of materials
delivered or withdrawn
 Observation of material unloading, transportation, and storage
conditions
 Observation of the production processes: included the preparation
and use of materials
 Measurement of final dimensions of building components
Material and Waste
Material and Waste
Cost of Waste
Original cost of material
+
Delivery cost
+
Handling cost
+
Management cost
+
Cleanup cost
+
Waste hauling cost
+
Tipping fee
--------------------------------------------------------=
Total cost of construction waste
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
http://www.wbdg.org/resources/cwmgmt.php
http://mlsoc.editme.com/files/hutchpubstoreview/Material%20Wast
e%20in%20Building%20Industry_Main%20Causes%20and%20Preve
ntion.pdf
http://doc.utwente.nl/20835/1/Journal20.pdf
http://www.aiahouston.org/cote/AIA%20COTE%20CMMG.pdf