A SPECIAL PRESENTATION FOR ICAI – “BARODA BR.” Emerging Trends in INDIAN CAPITAL MARKET C. A. JAGDISH THAKKAR Past-President Vadodara Stock Exchange Ltd. Name the most televised structure in INDIA ? Is it the RASHTRAPATI BHAWAN? Or.. is it the INDIAN PARLIAMENT HOUSE? Or….. is it the TAJMAHAL? Or…is it the abode of LORD TIRUPATHI? NOW! you may be surprised to see the next slide… It is none of these but…. The PHEROZE JEEJEEBHOY TOWERS… known as MYSTERY OF “8” YEARS CYCLE • 1984 – ASSASINATION OF SMT. INDIRA GANDHI • 1992 – HARSHAD MEHTA’S SCAM • 2000 – KETAN PAREKH’S SCAM • 2008 – US SUB PRIME CRISIS AND GLOBAL MELTDOWN STRANGE BUT TRUE !!! THE MYSTERY OF “26” • 26TH DECEMBER 2004……. TSUNAMI • 26TH JANUARY 2001……… EARTHQUAKE AT BHUJ • 26TH FEBRUARY 2002……. GODHRA KAND • 26TH JUNE 2007………….. GUJARAT FLOODS • 26TH JULY 2006………….. MUMBAI TRAIN BLAST • 26TH SEPTEMBER 2008…….. BLAST AT AHMEDABAD • 26TH NOVEMBER 2008………MASSACRE AT MUMBAI • 26TH MAY 2014……MR. NARENDRA MODI BECAME PM WORST BEAR PHASES SENSEX FALL PERIOD MONTHS SEP 94 TO OCT 96 26 -1885 (-41%) AUG 97 TO OCT 98 14 -1759 (-40%) FEB 2000 TO SEP 01 18 -3324 (-56%) JAN 08 TO MAR 09 15 -13046 (-62%) DEC 010 TO DEC 011 12 -5054 (-24%) WHO REWARDED HIGHEST IN 2014 ? ITEM % RETURN SENSEX/NIFTY 27% SILVER -15% GOLD -14% GROUNDNUT OIL -16% CURRENCY FLUCTUATION IN 2013-14 CURRENCY 31-03-2013 31-03-2014 % REDUCTION USD 54.29 59.91 -10.30% EURO 69.49 82.27 -18.40% POUND 82.12 99.56 -21.20% J.YEN 57.63 58.54 -1.60% All throughout Rupee has disappointed every sector and contributed to inflation. STOCK MARKET INDICES 2013-14 INDEX 31-03-2013 31-03-2014 INCREASE % INCREASE SENSEX 18,836 22,386 +3,550 +18.80% NIFTY 5,683 6,704 +1,021 +18.0% CAP. GOODS 9,018 12,011 +2,993 +33.20% AUTO MOBILE 9,994 13,280 +3,286 +32.90% INF. TECH. 6,885 8,789 +1,904 +25.90% HEALTH CARE 8,008 10,084 +2,076 +25.90% TEXTILE 3,901 4,905 +1,004 +25.70% However PSU Index was down 1.9%; Consumer Durables -8% & Reality was down 17.50%. COMMODITY MARKET INDICES - 2013-14 COMMODITY 31-03-2013 31-03-2014 INCREASE % INCREASE GOLD Rs. 29,950 Rs. 29,200 Rs.-750 -2.50% SILVER Rs.53,100 Rs. 43,200 Rs.-9,900 -19.0% GRNDNUT OIL Rs.2,090 Rs.1,340 Rs. -750 -36.00% CTNSEED OIL Rs.1,130 Rs. 1,160 Rs. +30 +2.60% SUGAR Rs. 3,400 Rs.3,200 Rs. -200 -6.00% WHEAT Rs. 330 Rs. 350 Rs. +20 +6.00% BRENT CRUDE $109 $101 $-8.00 -7.30% MOST REWARDING SHARES OF 2013-14 COMPANY 28-03-2013 31-03-2014 % INCREASE PARAG SHILP Rs. 16.33 Rs. 551.70 3278% DHANLILA INV Rs. 6.85 Rs. 201.25 2838% PEARL AGRO Rs.12.75 Rs. 368 2786% KELVIN FIN Rs. 25.93 Rs. 485 1771% SURBHI CHEM Rs. 5.19 Rs. 81.00 1462% ECO FRN FOOD Rs. 37.60 Rs. 580 1443% KAPPAK PHARMA Rs. 56.45 Rs. 685 1113% WORST PERFORMING SHARES OF 2013-14 FROM HERO TO ZERO COMPANY 28-03-2013 31-03-2014 % INCREASE GITANJALI GEMS Rs. 589.25 Rs. 59.05 -90% ITDC Rs. 615.00 Rs. 96.50 -84.30% NCL RESRCH Rs.1,498.00 Rs. 304.00 -80% WOLKHART Rs. 2,006.00 Rs. 457.00 -77% HANUG TOYS Rs. 102.15 Rs. 24.55 -76% PLETHICO PHARMA Rs. 164.70 Rs. 39.95 -75.7% MMTC Rs. 199.25 Rs. 53.10 -73.4% BEST PERFORMING GUJARAT COMPANIES OF 2013-14 (TILL 3/12/14 COMPANY 28-03-2013 03-12-2014 INCREASE ALEMBIC PHARMA Rs. 111.00 Rs. 454.00 Rs. 343.00 ASTRAL POLY Rs. 153.00 Rs. 409.00 Rs. 256.00 ATUL AUTO Rs.168.00 Rs. 618.00 Rs. 450.00 ARVIND MILLS Rs. 79.00 Rs. 286.00 Rs.207.00 CADILA HEALTH Rs. 738 Rs. 1645.00 Rs. 907.00 SYMPHONY Rs. 370.00 Rs. 1892.00 Rs. 1522.00 AIA ENGG. Rs. 317.00 Rs. 1187.00 Rs. 870.00 PM Modi's 5 significant announcements on 15th-Aug-14 1) Replacing Plan Panel- The Planning Commission will be replaced by a new think-tank. 2) ‘Make in India’- Focus on manufacturing to minimize imports while turning India into an exporting powerhouse. 3) Jan Dhan Scheme- Banking accounts for everyone (with Rs 1-lakh insurance). 4) Model Village Scheme- Members of both RajyaSabha and Lok-Sabha asked to adopt a village a year. 5) Swachh Bharat plan- Clean India program rollout in October; Corporate Companies & MPs urged to help build separate toilets for girls in schools across the country. ARE WE REALLY CHEAP? SECTORS TO WATCH One year Forward P/E of Sensex is just about 15% which was 24% in 2007. China, Brazil and Mexico are still cheaper than India making India little less attractive. However Earning Valuations of Indian Market is better than other Emerging Markets after NDA took over. From 1st Jan 2014 India has rewarded 27% while Indonesia has rewarded 18% in USD terms. Sectors to Watch: Technology; Pharmaceuticals; Banking: Infrastructure as RBI kept all rates unchanged. GLOBAL FACTORS THAT WOULD AFFECT STOCK MARKET Ukraine crisis may worsen further causing geopolitical imbalance. Weak Chinese P M I data month after month shall suppress metal prices world over. Intellectual Property Right dispute with USA may aggravate. Recent decision of Fed. to reduce QE 3 to 15bn. Per month may impact Equity Market. Allocation to Indian Market by F I I is just 0.5 to 0.8 % against 1.2% in 2007 Three Ratios That Tell Your Bank Is Safe Capital Adequacy Ratio Private sector banks* CAR (In per cent) ICICI Bank 19.08 HDFC Bank 15.94 Axis Bank 16.97 Public sector banks* CAR (In per cent) State Bank of India (SBI) 12.96 Bank of India 10.76 Punjab National Bank 12.28 Foreign banks* CAR (In per cent) Citibank 15.11 Standard Chartered 16.05 HSBC 17.10 Non-performing Assets (NPA) Ratio Private sector banks Net NPA (In per cent) ICICI Bank 0.97 HDFC Bank 0.27 Axis Bank 0.44 Public sector banks Net NPA (In per cent) State Bank of India (SBI) 2.57 Bank of India 2.00 Punjab National Bank 2.85 Foreign banks Net NPA (In per cent) Citibank 1.23 Standard Chartered 0.45 HSBC 0.33 Statutory Liquidity Ratio - 1% to 22% now Change in Indices (comparison of pre-budget, post-budget & latest price as on 11th July 2014) 18-03-2014 16-05-2014 09-07-2014 11-07-2014 Index Name % Change Closed at Closed at Closed at Closed at (18 Mar- 11 JUL) CNX NIFTY 6516.65 7203.00 7585.00 7459.60 14.47 NSE–SMALL CAP 3432.70 4249.15 5102.90 4986.00 45.25 BSE – SENSEX 21832.61 24121.74 25444.81 25024.35 14.62 BSE – 100 6490.98 7259.89 7669.51 7533.81 16.07 BSE – 200 2589.40 2898.03 3092.95 3038.88 17.36 BSE – 500 7997.57 8970.17 9681.35 9509.77 18.91 BSE – MIDCAP 6719.37 7765.72 9077.36 8875.24 32.08 Source: Ace Equity (Accord Fintech) ZERO DEBT CO. PAYING MORE THAN 150% DIV. FOR LAST 2 YRS. Company Name Yr End Div. % Yr End Div. % Colgate-Palmolive 2700 201303 2800 Compan Name I Ltd. 201403 Year End Dividend % Dividend %1 CRISIL Ltd. 1000.00 Hindustan Unilever Ltd. 201403201012 1300 2000.00 201303 1850 OMDC 201003 1860.00 4550.00 Infosys 201403201012 1260 201303 840 Merck Ltd. Ltd. 950.00 200.00 Akzo Nobel India Ltd. 201403201012 750 201303 800 Glaxosmithkline 500.00 180.00 Powerica Ltd. 201003 VST Industries Ltd. 700 Alfa Laval (India) Ltd. 201403201012 SolvayCorp. Pharma India Ltd.201403201012 Bajaj Ltd. 650 CMC Ltd.India Ltd. Cummins 201403201003 650 Aeonian Investments 201003 BlueEsab Dart Express Ltd. 201403 500 India Ltd. 201012 GlaxoSmithKline Sonata Software Ltd. 201003 consumer Ltd. 201403201003 450 IPICL GMMServices Pfaudler Ltd. eClerx Ltd. 201403201003 350 Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech) 400.00 201303 300.00 255.00 201303 200.00 201303 200.00 201303 200.00 170.00 201212 160.00 140.00 201303 250.00 625 250.00 325.00 650 150.00 650 150.00 710 200.00 150.00 450 120.00 140.00 250 Cos. Where Profit & Div. Is Increasing By 15% For Last 5 Yrs.( ‘A’ Group) Company Name EICHER MOTORS LTD. HDFC BANK LTD. ICICI BANK LTD. POWER GRID CORP. OF INDIA LTD. YES BANK LTD. Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech) Turnaround stock (q-o-q profit from Loss) CMP Century Textiles & Industries Ltd. 589.70 201406 66.49 201403 -4.90 Financial Technologies (India) Ltd. 274.10 201406 128.25 201403 -371.25 Jaiprakash Power Ventures Ltd. 16.15 201406 69.15 201403 -171.98 Monsanto India Ltd. 1877.50 201406 71.02 201403 -6.05 NHPC Ltd. 21.25 201406 616.03 201403 -707.40 Peria Karamalai Tea & Produce Company Ltd. 136.30 201112 58.87 201109 -3.23 Piramal Enterprises Ltd. 668.20 201406 2867.81 201403 -201.39 Sesa Sterlite Ltd. 288.30 201406 170.24 201403 -326.11 Tata Motors Ltd. 484.60 201406 393.65 201403 -816.61 The Great Eastern Shipping Company Ltd. 359.25 201406 87.61 201403 -12.74 United Breweries (Holdings) Ltd. 38.75 201406 802.10 201312 -3.55 Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech) QTR End PAT Rs. Cr QTR End1 LOSS Rs. Cr Company Name Promoters’ Holding >50% & FIIs Holding is increasing continuously for last 2 Years Company Name Promoter's Holding (%) 31-03-2014 FII’s Holding (%) 31-03-2014 FII’s Holding (%) 31-03-2012 Jagran Prakashan Ltd. 62.59 15.14 7.32 Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. 54.34 27.59 21.17 KSK Energy Ventures Ltd. 67.61 8.97 2.91 Cholamandalam Investment & Finance Company Ltd. 57.75 19.03 13.21 TVS Motor Company Ltd. 57.40 8.77 3.35 Nesco Ltd. 63.60 8.68 3.37 Ajanta Pharma Ltd. 73.55 7.90 2.74 Tata Sponge Iron Ltd. 54.50 12.38 7.31 Shilpa Medicare Ltd. 53.32 14.77 9.96 Ramco Systems Ltd. 70.70 4.48 0.06 Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech Pvt Ltd) FIIs Holding > Promoters’ Holding (From ‘A’ Group) Promoters' FII's Company Name Holding Holding (%) (%) Apollo Hospitals Enterprise Ltd. 34.35 41.58 Axis Bank Ltd. 29.17 48.38 Dr. Reddys Laboratories Ltd. 25.49 35.29 HDFC Bank Ltd. 22.56 33.93 Housing Development & Infrastructure Ltd. 36.16 41.46 IndusInd Bank Ltd. 15.19 43.59 Infosys Ltd. 15.94 41.56 Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. 28.69 39.52 Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. 25.25 39.24 Shriram Transport Finance Company Ltd. 26.05 50.25 Strides Arcolab Ltd. 27.67 45.45 Tech Mahindra Ltd. 36.15 39.12 UPL Ltd. 29.80 48.59 Yes Bank Ltd. 22.23 45.31 Zee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd. 43.07 49.84 Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech Pvt. Ltd.) FII less Promoters Holdings 7.23 19.21 9.80 11.37 5.30 28.40 25.62 10.83 13.99 24.20 17.78 2.97 18.79 23.08 6.77 FIIs Holding Increasing from last 4 Qtrs Company Name FII's Holding FII's Holding (%) at 09-13 (%) at 06-14 Persistent Systems Ltd. 14.82 Ceat Ltd. 0.03 Page Industries Ltd. 21.94 PTC India Ltd. 15.83 Power Grid Corporation Of India 16.87 Ltd. PVR Ltd. 15.18 Hexa Tradex Ltd. 18.84 UPL Ltd. 39.77 Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. 19.76 Housing Development & 33.64 Infrastructure Ltd. SKS Microfinance Ltd. 36.90 Natco Pharma Ltd. 6.85 Arvind Ltd. 15.71 Finolex Cables Ltd. 1.10 Gillette India Ltd. 1.68 Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech Pvt. Ltd.) Change of Holding 26.91 11.76 32.61 26.07 12.09 11.73 10.67 10.24 26.86 9.99 24.90 28.51 48.59 27.59 9.72 9.67 8.82 7.83 41.46 7.82 44.61 14.53 23.31 8.65 8.70 7.71 7.68 7.60 7.55 7.02 Defense Stocks (Cos. Making Profit & Paying Div. for last 10 Yrs. & Avg. EPS for last 3 yrs. > 33 & P/E<15 & Eq. Paid up> 25 cr.) Company Name The Jammu & Kashmir Bank Ltd. Oil India Ltd. Clariant Chemicals (India) Ltd. Bharat Electronics Ltd. Axis Bank Ltd. Bajaj Finance Ltd. State Bank Of Bikaner and Jaipur Karur Vysya Bank Ltd. Canara Bank Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. JSW Steel Ltd. Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech) MFs Buying in July 2014* Company Name July-14 Jun-14 Change Ashok Leyland Ltd. IDFC Ltd. Axis Bank Ltd. Bharti Airtel Ltd. The Indian Hotels Company Ltd. Texmaco Rail & Engineering Ltd. Dish TV India Ltd. SJVN Ltd. KSK Energy Ventures Ltd. Jagran Prakashan Ltd. Steel Authority Of India Ltd. Power Grid Corporation Of India Ltd. DCB Bank Ltd. 15239779 9520000 6928875 6775006 5582556 892000 1441831 2069674 9657223 8628000 5487044 4705332 10863928 7059259 3804669 3672159 667159 3005000 5000000 4861989 15180978 7395790 7337342 2000000 2161989 12584244 4820000 4919394 3000000 2700000 2596734 2575790 2417948 2894459 630000 2264459 3376381 1292261 2084120 Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech ) * Selling by no. of shares MFs Selling in July 2014* Company Name July-14 Jun-14 Change Allahabad Bank 1940613 6000000 -4059387 GVK Power & Infrastructure Ltd. 982447 4928000 -3945553 Union Bank Of India 753924 4623227 -3869303 Idea Cellular Ltd. 7000000 10000000 -3000000 Jaiprakash Associates Ltd. 6330291 9330291 -3000000 Ballarpur Industries Ltd. 3503000 6486000 -2983000 Power Grid Corporation Of India Ltd. 4415090 7004147 -2589057 TV18 Broadcast Ltd. 6000000 8500000 -2500000 Rural Electrification Corporation Ltd. 449053 2746553 -2297500 IDFC Ltd. 264000s 2404000 -2140000 Exide Industries Ltd. 775424 2879682 -2104258 The Federal Bank Ltd. 5463440 7464440 -2001000 Texmaco Rail & Engineering Ltd. 258748 2222961 -1964213 Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech ) * Selling by no. of shares Portfolio: Rakesh Jhunjhunwala Company Name Harmony Capital Services Ltd. Geometric Ltd. Viceroy Hotels Ltd. Aptech Ltd. Rallis India Ltd. NCC Ltd. JVL Agro Industries Ltd. Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services Ltd. Bilcare Ltd. Holding (%) 38.49 17.67 13.46 10.83 10.08 9.65 9.57 7.90 7.37 Portfolio: Rakesh Jhunjhunwala Company Name Titan Company Ltd. VIP Industries Ltd. Kesoram Industries Ltd. Ion Exchange (India) Ltd. Autoline Industries Ltd. CRISIL Ltd. Escorts Ltd. Holding (%) 6.81 6.70 6.38 6.02 5.93 5.64 5.47 Top 10 Picks by FIIS VS DII ACTIVITY (DEC-2013 TO NOV-2014) FII Month Net Purchase/Sales Equity (Rs. Crores) Total (+) 114468 Crs. Source: ACE Equity (Accord Fintech) DII Month Net Purchase/Sales Equity (Rs. Crores) Total (-)42049 Crs. COUNTRY PRICE (IN RS./LTR) VENEZUELA 1.74 SAUDI ARABIA 6.96 LIBYA 7.83 BAHARAIN 11.31 KUWAIT 12.18 INDIA 67.00 BELGIUM 122.57 SWEDEN 124.00 DENMARK 125.00 ITALY 127.00 NORWAY 143.00 Inflation – How it affects us Year Family Size Expense in Rs/Month 1920 8-12 1 1940 7-10 10 1960 5-8 100 1980 4-7 1,000 2000 3-6 10,000 2010-2014 3-5 50,000 2020 2-3 100,000 A 0 is added to our monthly expenses after each 20 Yrs. Falling Rupee Mystery! Around 1750's when the British came to India the exchange rate was around 1 Rupee = 2.8 pounds. By the time they left India in 1947, it was 1 pound = 5 rupees. Year INR/USD Year 1973 1978 1983 1988 1992 7.66 8.20 10.11 13.91 28.14 1996 2000 2004 2008 2014 INR/USD 35.52 45.00 45.23 43.41 62.21 The biggest change in the rupee-dollar equation happened between 28th June & 4th July 1991 when the rupee depreciated by 24%, when Dr. Manmohan Singh was the finance minister. 'How Buffet Does It?' Buffet says: If you are NOT holding stock for at least 10 years don’t waste more than 10 minutes to consider it!! However he still gave 4 steps for Indians!! Step 1: Identify your financial goals Step 2: Identify your risk profile Step 3: Identify asset allocation Step 4: Invest regularly 10 Financial Resolutions ‘You Must’ Make This Year 1. I will prepare a budget for the year 2015-16 2. I will rebalance my portfolio & book profit 3. I will resist the temptation to make quick profits 4. I will invest in equities systematically 5. I will repay high cost loans 6. I will review my insurance 7. I will not wait till the last moment to file I T Retn. 8. I will prepare my retirement plan 9. I will read the fine print before I sign on any docs. 10. I will follow ALL the above 9 resolutions Nine GOLDEN RULES Of Investment 1. Look out for the companies that have made buyback from the open market 2. Promoters acquiring stake through creeping acquisition route 3. Cheap is not always cheap- Don't be misled by EPS / PE Ratio 4. Dividends' don't lie 5. Prefer Companies having top-line growth over bottom-line 6. Higher tax outgo is a good sign 7. Look for domestic driven companies whose product cannot be easily imported 8. Prefer companies with low debts and strong cash flows 9. Look away for a while and recharge yourself BUY OR SELL? FOLLOW THE PATH OF LEGENDS 1.BENJAMIN GRAHAM: Even the intelligent investors is likely to need considerable will power from following the mad crowd 2.WARREN BUFFET: Focus on fundamentally strong and undervalue companies trading below its Intrinsic value. 3.PETER LYNCH: Invest in what you know….if you stay Half Alert you can pick the performers right from your office or home 4. JOHN TEMPLETON: The maximum pessimism the best time to buy and time maximum optimism is the best time to sell. 5. JOHN BOGLE: If you have trouble imagining a 20% loss in the Stock Market, you should not be in stocks. 6. THOMAS ROWE: Investing in growth stocks with quality management and generating superior earnings compared with inflation. Saving Schemes Post Office Recurring Deposit Tenure 5 Years Interest Rate 8.00% p.a. (comp. qtrly) Min. Amount Rs. 10 Max. Amount No limit Tax Benefit on Investment No benefit Tax on Interest Fully Taxable Available at Post Office Saving Schemes Public Provident Fund Tenure 15 Years Interest Rate 8.00% p.a.(comp.yearly) Min. Amount Rs. 500 Max. Amount Rs. 1,50,000 p.a. Tax Benefit on Investment Available u/s 80C Tax on Interest Tax Free Available at Post Office & Banks Saving Schemes Kisan Vikas Patra (KVP) Reintro… Tenure 8 Year- 7 months Interest Rate 8% p.a. (Compounded) Min. Amount Rs. 1,000 Max. Amount Rs. No Limit Tax Benefit on Investment No benefit (gets double) Tax on Interest Fully Taxable Available at Post Office & Banks Saving Schemes Bank’s Fixed Deposits Tenure 3 to 5 Years Interest Rate Min. Amount 8.5% to 9.50% (comp. qtrly) Rs. 1,000 Max. Amount No Limit Tax Benefit on Investment No Tax on Interest Fully Taxable Available at Banks Saving Schemes Bank’s Liquid Fixed Deposits Tenure 15 Days to 30 days Interest Rate 2.75% to 3.00 % Min. Amount Rs. 1000 Max. Amount No Limit Tax Benefit on Investment No Benefit Tax on Interest Fully Taxable Available at Banks Saving Schemes National Savings Certificate Tenure 6 Years Interest Rate 8% (comp. half-yrly) Min. Amount Rs. 1,000 Max. Amount No Limit Tax Benefit on Investment Benefit up to Rs.1.50 L(80C) Tax on Interest Fully Taxable Available at Specified Banks Saving Schemes Post Office Monthly Income Scheme Tenure 6 Years Interest Rate 8% p.a.(paid monthly) Min. Amount Rs. 1500 Rs. 3.0 Lakh (single a/c) Max. Amount Rs. 6.0 Lakh (Joint A/c) Tax Benefit on Investment No Benefit Tax on Interest Fully Taxable Available at Post Office Saving Schemes Post Office Time Deposits Tenure 1, 2, 3, & 5 Years Interest Rate 6.25% to 8.00 %(comp. qtrly) Min. Amount Rs. 200 Max. Amount No Limit Tax Benefit on Investment No Benefit Tax on Interest Fully Taxable Available at Post Office WILL CURRENT SCENARIO SHALL ALLOW TO RELAX LIKE THIS? OR ? HEART BEATS LOST? OR ? SHALL KEEP YOU TENSED ? OR ? MAY CHEER THE CAPITAL MARKET ? THE ANSWER IS IN TIME CAPSULE- NO ONE KNOWS!!! BUT ALL SAID AND DONE “ACCHE DIN AANE WALE HAIN!!!” Conclusion In short the investors have to adhere to the teaching of Shrimad-Bhagvad Geeta, which says: o SATYAM(Truth), which is the ethical component of investment; Choose right stock-right time. o SHIVAM(Welfare), which should be the economic objective of investment; Invest to Gain long term. o SUNDARAM(Beauty), which should be aesthetical outlook for investment. Follow the “Honest Stock”. !!!BEST OF LUCK!!! TO ALL STUDY CIRCLE MEMBERS… PowerPoint by: C.A. JAGDISH THAKKAR