College of Computing & Information, University at Albany, SUNY
Department of Information Studies
IIST 666 (1589)
Fundraising and Marketing (Public Relations) for Information Agencies & Non-Profits
(3 Credits)
Summer 2014 Syllabus (12 Pages), Prepared 5/27/2014
Instructor: Frank D’Andraia
Office: 141A Draper
Phone: 518.442.5118
Email: fdandraia@albany.edu
Class Meets: M-T-Th, 12:30PM – 4:00PM
Classroom Location: HS 106A
Office Hours: M- T-Th: 10:00AM-NOON and 4:30PM-5:30PM; or By Appointment
For Whom Planned: The course has been specially crafted for students interested in
fundraising and marketing (public relations) for information agencies/non-profits. There are no
requisites.
Course Description: This course studies contemporary fundraising and marketing techniques,
theory, and practice for information agencies/non-profits. The course provides a foundation on
which to build.
Learning Outcomes/Objectives: By the end of this course students should be able to
accomplish the following:
Examination of core and contemporary methods of
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Identify and analyze fundraising and marketing (public relations) concepts especially as
they pertain to information agencies/non-profits
Understand theoretical and practical concepts
Examine fundraising and marketing research related to information agencies and other
appropriate organizations
Identify and use the major sources of information (including statistical data) and literature
for information agencies/non-profits fundraising and marketing
Formulate personal judgments regarding fundraising, marketing, and public relations and
develop some facility in expressing these judgments clearly and succinctly in class
discussions and written assignments
Discern current 21st Century fundraising and marketing issues facing information
agencies/non-profits and express points of view on these challenges in class discussions
and written assignments
Provide hands on experience in organizing, publishing, and disseminating a publication
over the web.
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Teaching Strategies: This course will be conducted in a discussion format which will require
active participation, as well as team work. Students make oral reports, write a short essay, and
prepare an annotated bibliography; draft a mission statement and grant request; participate in
discussion and analysis; and complete a capstone project.
Attendance Policy/Obligations/Expectations: Students are expected to advise the instructor if
there are any accommodations necessary due to disabilities. Absences of two (2) or more
without prior permission or reasonable excuse will be considered excessive and will reduce your
final grade by five (5) points. Students are to advise the instructor in advance when it is
necessary to be absent from class.
Students are expected to adhere to the Community Rights and Responsibilities and to give
proper credit in the presentation of ideas (Graduate Bulletin:
http://www.albany.edu/grad/requirements_general_admissions.html#grading_graduate).
Cell Phones: Please turn off your cell phone and pagers during class.
Examinations: There are no examinations.
Note Taking: You should take good notes of lectures and discussions. I do not make copies of
my lecture notes available. My experience indicates that note taking dramatically increases your
recall and keeps you more involved in class deliberations.
Assignment Format
Assignments should not exceed the requested page limit and should be:
 Typed in any 12-point font, that is approximately the size of this text or larger.
 All margins should be one inch and all pages should be numbered in the upper right hand
corner, and stapled in the upper left.
 Text must be one-and-a-half spaced. Quotes, bullets, and lists may be single-spaced.
 A cover page should include your name, the title of the assignment, the course number
and date.
 Cover sheets, footnotes, endnotes, and requested exhibits are not included in the page
length limits.
 Please do not submit supporting materials that are not requested as a part of the papers
assigned.
 No binders, etc. please.
 Formal written work must be word processed or typed and reflect use of a style manual.
There are style guides available in Dewey and on the University Library webpage.
Submissions: Written assignments are due at the end of the classes (and when requested may be
e-mailed directly to instructors).
Late submissions will be marked down ten points.
Email Communications: The instructor will reply to student e-mail within 48 hours.
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Required Text: N/A
You are expected to delve further into the literature. Resources designed to assist you in this
effort are as follows:
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Burnett, Ken. Relationship Fundraising: A Donor Based Approach to the Business of
Raising Money, 2nd edition. San Francisco: Josey-Bass, 2010. Print.
Dowd, Nancy, Evangeliste, Mary, and Silberman, Jonathan. Bite-sized Marketing:
Realistic Solutions for the Overworked Librarian. Chicago: ALA, 2010. Print.
Imhoff, Kathleen R. and Maslin, Ruthie. Library Contests: A How-To-Do-It Manual.
NY: Neal Schuman Publishers, Inc., 2007. Print.
MacKellar, Pamela H and Gerding, Stephanie K. Winning Grants: A How-To-Do-It
Manual for Librarians with Multimedia Tutorials and Grant Development Tools. NY:
Neal Schuman Publishers, Inc., 2010. Print.
Reed, Sally, Gardener, Nawalinski, and Friends of Libraries USA. Even More Great
Ideas for Libraries and Friends. NY: Neal Schuman Publishers, Inc., 2010. Print.
Tempel, Eugene R., Seiler, Timothy L., and Aldrich, Eva E. editors. Achieving
Excellence in Fundraising, 3rd edition. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2010. Print
Wolf, Lisa A. Library Public Relations, Promotions, and Communications, 2nd edition.
New York: Neal Schuman, 2005. Print.
Recommended Web Sites:
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ACRL Marketing: http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/issues/marketing/index.cfm
Academic Library Development and Advancement Network (ALADN)
http://www.library.arizona.edu/aladn/index.html
Association of Research Libraries (ARL): http://www.arl.org
Association of Fundraiser Professionals: http://www.afpnet.org/
Council for Advancement and Support of Education (CASE):
http://www.case.org/About_CASE.html
Elsevier Training Desk: http://trainingdesk.elsevier.com/
Foundation Center: http://foundationcenter.org/gainknowledge/
Gale Cengage Learning-Market Your Library:
http://www.gale.cengage.com/power/marketing/
Library Communication Strategies Inc.: http://www.librarycomm.com/index.html
MLS Marketing Services: http://www.infotoday.com/MLS/default.shtml
Marketing Corporate Libraries: http://www.insitepro.com/donald3.htm
Marketing Ideas For Non-Profits & Libraries:
http://themwordblog.blogspot.com/2011/01/oclc-delivers-valuable-data-on-library.html
OCLC Advocacy: http://www.oclc.org/advocacy/default.htm
PLA Marketing Public Libraries (ALA Division): http://connect.ala.org/node/104739
United for Libraries (ALA Division:
http://www.ala.org/united/events_conferences/folweek/materials
U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, American FactFinder:
http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml
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Grading and Due Dates Summary:
Everything you do in this class counts - class participation, reactions and responses to readings,
oral presentations in class, and written work. This grading practice reflects my teaching
philosophy: we are working together to create a learning experience for all of us. Everything you
do contributes to this learning experience and is valued. Every way that you do not contribute by being unprepared, failing to submit papers when requested, being silent while others
contribute to class discussions, falling asleep, or not coming at all - diminishes the experience for
all class participants.
In evaluating papers, I look for clear, well-written, and well-edited prose. Papers should be
organized carefully with arguments that are clearly and succinctly framed and address what is
required. Integrate readings, as well as other research when required, to support and illustrate
your arguments. The assignments are deliberately short. Do not mistake that for quickly
accomplished.
In the philanthropic world, successful communications are brief, crisp, clear, and to the point. If
you are weak on grammar or spelling, you will be so advised and you are expected to show
improvement over the term. You may be directed to contact the Writing Center.
Your grade will be weighted as follows: 20% class participation, 20% presentations, and 60%
written assignments. All requests for extensions must be made in person or by telephone,
followed by email. Extensions beyond the end of the term will result in an incomplete and may
result in a lower grade.
Activity/Assignment
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Weighting
Class Participation
Due Dates
-20%
Weekly
Your active participation in class discussions and sharing of information is essential.
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Written Assignments 60% - Presentations 20% (see pages 7-10)
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Presentations (Fundraising Sources)
Annotated Bibliography – 21st Century Fundraising
Presentation (Fundraising Websites)
Essay on Value Print Publications
Reaction Essay
TDS Telecommunications Grant Application
Readings/Citations
Capstone Project Final Copy
Summaries
Letter Grade
Scale
May 29
June 02
June 03
June 05
June 09
June 12
June 03; 10; 16; 17; 19
June 10; 12; 17; 19
June 09; 10; 16
A
AB+
B
BC+
C
CD
E
95-100 90-94 86-89 83-85 79-82 75-78 71-74 68-70 60-67 0-59
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Course Outline
May 27 – Tuesday (Week 1, Class 1) Classes Suspended
 Introductions
 Syllabus Review
 Focus:
o How Americans Give
o Why We Give or Not (Behavior Factors)
o Fundraising Fundamentals
Distribution of Assignment #1
 Reading Assignment:
---ARL Spec Flyer 240, “Marketing and Public Relation Activities in ARL Libraries”
ARL, April 1999. Web. 20 May 2014. http://old.arl.org/bm~doc/spec240web.pdf
---Brooks, Arthur. “Why Fund-Raising Is Fun.” NY Times 30 March 2014: 12. Print.
---Perlmutter, David D. “Don’t Fear Fundraising.” The Chronicle of Higher Education
The Academic Workplace Volume LIX (59) Number 43 (26 July 2013): A46-47. Print.
---Progrebin, Robin. “Trustees Find Cultural Board Seats Are Still Highly Coveted
Luxury Items.” NY Times, 3 April 2010: THEArts 1 and 5. Print.
---Strom, Stephanie. “40 Who Committed Half Their Wealth for The Pledge.” NY Times
11 November 2010: Giving 1 and 11. Print.
May 29 – Thursday (Week 1, Class 2)
Due Today:
 Assignment #1: Individual Presentations:
o Chronicle of Philanthropy
o Contributions Magazine: The How-To Source for Nonprofit Professionals
o Don Kramer's Nonprofit Issues
o Grassroots Fundraising Journal
o PJ: Philanthropy Journal
o Philanthropy News Digest
o Philanthropy Roundtable
o Philanthropic Studies Index
o Stanford Social Innovation Review
o The Nonprofit Quarterly
 Focus: Fundraising Fundamentals
 Reading Assignment:
---Brown, Jeffrey R. “How Endowment Hoarding Hurts Universities.” The Chronicle of
Higher Education, 21 March 2014: A31-32. Print.
---Gup, Ted. Alumni Relations: a Horror Story.” The Chronicle of Higher Education,
11 April 2014: B20. Print.
---Martin, Andrew. “Downturn Still Squeezes Colleges and Universities.” NY Times 11
January 2013. Print.
---Olson, Elizabeth. “A Responsibility to Give Back.” NY Times, 11 August 2013: The
Boss 7. Print.
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---Rhoden, William C. “Booster Has Second thoughts; UConn Probably Doesn’t.” NY
Times 29 January 2011:
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/30/sports/ncaafootball/30rhoden.html?_r=0
20 May 2014.
---Stewart, James R. How errors In Investing Cost a College Its legacy.” NY Times, 11
May 2013: B1 and B6. Print.
---Troop, Don. “The Secrets of ‘Million-Dollar Ready’ Colleges.” The Chronicle of
Higher Education 11 December 2013: http://chronicle.com/blogs/bottomline/the-secretsof-million-dollar-ready-colleges/ 20 May 2014.
---Troop, Don. “Strong U.S. Stock Market Put College Endowments in the Black in
2013.” The Chronicle of Higher Education 7 February 2014: A10. Print
---Troop, Don. “To Enter the Pantheon of Great Catholic Colleges, Villanova Stretched
for $600 Million.” The Chronicle of Higher Education 31 January 2014: A10. Print.
June 2 – Monday (Week 2, Class 3)
Due Today:
 Assignment #2, 21st Century Fundraising
 Focus:
o Class discussion on what was learned from completing Assignment #2
o Fundraising Fundamentals – Mission Statements and Grant Narratives:
C3F; Great Lakes Energy; and TDS Telecommunications
 Reading Assignment:
---Gelles, David. “Wooing the New Patrons.” NY Times 20 March 2014: F1 and F36.
Print.
---Olson, Elizabeth. “Soliciting Funds from the Crowds? Results Will Vary.” NY Times
20 March 2014: F10. Print.
C3F; Great Lakes Energy; and TDS Telecommunications Applications (to be distributed)
June 3 – Tuesday (Week 2, Class 4)
Due Today:
 Assignment #3, Individual Presentations:
o Academic Library Development and Advancement Network (ALADN)
o Council for Advancement and Support of Education (CASE):
http://www.case.org/About_CASE.html
o Foundation Center: http://foundationcenter.org/gainknowledge/
o U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, American FactFinder:
http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml
 Assignment #7A, Class Discussion: Social Media Marketing
 Focus: Fundraising Fundamentals
 Reading Assignments:
June 5 – Thursday (Week 2, Class 5)
Due Today:
 Assignment #4: Essay on the Value of Print Publications
 Focus: Marketing Fundamentals: Lobbying
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Guest Speaker, Jason Kramer (speaker and date subject to change), Executive Director
of NYSHEI. Mr. Kramer will talk about advocacy. Speakers may assign readings.
Reading Assignment:
---Fischer, Karin and Stripling, Jack. “An Era of Neglect: How public colleges were
crowded out, beaten up, and failed to fight back.” The Chronicle of Higher Education: 7
March 2014: A26—A38. Print.
June 9 – Monday (Week 3, Class 6)
Due Today:
 Assignment #5: Reaction Essay
 Assignment #9A, Speaker Summary
 Focus: Marketing Fundamentals
 Guest Speaker, Jeremy Johannesen (speaker and date subject to change), Executive
Director of NYLA. Mr. Jeremy Johannesen will talk about advocacy. Speakers may
assign readings.
Reading Assignment:
June 10 – Tuesday (Week 3, Class 7):
Due Today:
 Assignment #6: TDS Telecommunications Grant Application
 Assignment #7B: Class Discussion: Generations Difference in Giving/Types of
Generosity
 Assignment #8A: Capstone Topic Selection
 Assignment #9B, Speaker Summary
 Focus: Marketing Fundamentals
 Readings Assignment:
---Bachman, Rachel. “College Football’s Practical Alternative.” WSJ 28 September
2012.
---Cohen, Patricia “Descartes Letter Found, Therefore It Is.” NY Times, 25 February
---Perlmutter, David D. “Your College Needs a Brand. Help Create it.” The Chronicle
of Higher Education 25 April 2014: A32. Print.
----Roberts, Sam. “A Founding Father’s Books Turns Up.” NY Times, 21 February
2011. Print
Temple, Paul. “Branding higher education: illusion or reality.” Perspectives Volume
10 Number 1 (January 2008): 15-19. Print.
---Vega, Tanzina. “Campus Protests Return, but Over Branding.” NY Times, 27
December 2012. Print.
---Wallis, David. “Golden Age of Discovery…Down in the basements.” NY Times 20
March 2014: F2. Print.
---Woo, Stu. “The State of Affairs That is Boise State.” WSJ 19 October 2012. Print.
June 12 – Thursday (Week 3, Class 8)
Due Today:
 Assignment #8B, Capstone Project – 1st Draft
 Focus: Development Work ---Another Word for Marketing
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Guest Speakers, Janet Gargiulo, M.D. (speaker and date subject to change), President
Albany Medical College Alumni Association. Dr. Gargiulo will talk to you about her
role as President of the Alumni Association and Laura O’Brien (speaker and date
subject to change), Vice President, Development, Albany Medical Center Foundation.
Ms. O’Brien will talk to you about foundation work.
Reading Assignment:
June 16 – Monday, (Week 4, Class 9)
Due Today:
 Assignment #7C, Class Discussion: Friends of the Library
 Assignment #9C, Speaker Summary
 Focus: iConnect
June 17 – Tuesday, (Week 4, Class 10)
Due Today:
 Assignment #7D, Class Discussion: Current Marketing Trends for Information
Organizations
 Assignment #8C: Capstone Project – 2nd Draft
 Focus: Review iConnect Drafts –determine preliminary layout
June 19, - Thursday, (Week 4, Class 11):
Due Today:
 Assignment #7E, Class Discussion: Electronic Newsletter
 Assignment #8D: Final copy Capstone draft and iConnect layout finalized
 Guest Speakers, Carolynn Bennett, Program Assistant for Communications at
Southeastern NY Library Resources Council (speaker and date subject to change),
Carolynn will talk on electronic newsletter layout and design.
 Focus: Capstone Project and Wrap-Up
Assignments:
Assignment #1, due May 29: Presentations (Fundraising Sources)
Objective: The purpose of this assignment is to allow you to become familiar with a variety of
professional development resources.
Each member of the class is responsible for leading a ten to fifteen (10-15) minute discussion on
a professional development resource. Resources are randomly selected.
What is required: Each student is responsible for how they use their allotted time and on
selecting content for presentation. Include in your presentation one or more of the following
points: (1) History and Focus; (2) Value (helpfulness) and benefit for those interested in
philanthropy work; (3) Access and Costs (if applicable); (4) Other pertinent information that may
warrant class attention and (5) Select a recent article appearing in your publication and (a)
provide a synopsis of the article and indicate what you found significant about the piece.
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Evaluation: Students are graded on “What is required” and the quality of the presenters grasp
and analysis of the tool; delivery (including clarity), creativity, originality, accuracy, and
organization of ideas; and the level of thoughtful evaluation and reflection used in addressing the
assignment and answering questions from peers.
Assignments 2, 21st Century Trends in Fundraising, due June 2
Students are to find six (6) articles from professional or scholarly journals on how or why
fundraising is changing. Seek sources published from 2004 forward. Articles selected must be
six pages or more in length. Your annotated bibliography should not exceed four (4) pages in
length.
Objectives: The purpose of this assignment is threefold: First, to allow student to become
familiar with current development trends and issues; Second, to insure students become
accustomed to using appropriate professional and scholarly publications; and Lastly, to develop
and strengthen student intellectual and research skills and abilities. Be prepared discuss your
articles in class.
What is required: SEE: Cornell Annotated Bibliography Tutorial:
http://olinuris.library.cornell.edu/ref/research/skill28.htm
Evaluation: Annotated bibliographies are evaluated on the basis of “What is required:”
Each citation should have a descriptive and evaluative paragraph (the annotation). Your
annotation is to inform about (1) relevance, (2) accuracy, and (3) quality of the sources you cited.
Include a concise annotation that summarizes the central theme and scope of your selection.
Include one or more sentences that (a) evaluate the authority or background of the author, (b)
comment on the intended audience, (c) compare or contrast this work with another you have
cited, or (d) explain how this work illuminates your bibliography topic.
Cite your selections first, followed by your annotation, which may be single spaced.
Assignment #3, due June 3: Presentations (Fundraising Websites)
Objective: The purpose of this assignment is to allow you to become familiar with a variety of
professional development websites.
Each member of the class is responsible for leading a ten to fifteen (10-15) minute discussion on
a professional development websites. Websites are randomly selected.
What is required: Each student is responsible for how they use their allotted time and on
selecting content for presentation. Include in your presentation one or more of the following
points: (1) History and Focus; (2) Value (helpfulness) and Benefit for those interested in
philanthropy work; (3) Access and Costs (if applicable); and (4) Other pertinent information that
may warrant class attention.
Evaluation: Students are graded on “What is required” and the quality of the presenters grasp
and analysis of the tool; delivery (including clarity), creativity, originality, accuracy, and
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organization of ideas; and the level of thoughtful evaluation and reflection used in addressing the
assignment and answering questions from peers.
Assignment #4: Value of Print Publications, due June 5
Objectives: The purpose of this assignment is to allow you to become more familiar with
current marketing (PR) trends.
Students are to prepare a five (5) page reaction essay on “Are print publications sill a valuable
marketing tool?”
What is required: You are to write a brief reaction essay. “Reaction” means do you agree or
disagree. (1) Begin your assignment by writing a thesis statement that firmly sets your position
regarding the question upfront and how you intend to evaluate the statement; (2) Use examples
to support your view; (3) Your opinions in a responsive essay are welcome, but support your
opinions to give them validity; and (4) You must use five unique sources, two of which must be
from peer reviewed sources.
Objectives: This assignment has multiple goals and they are as follows: To formulate personal
judgments regarding public relation trends; to learn from others; to compare your observations
with readings (required and recommended) and class discussion, and to develop some facility on
expressing these judgments clearly, succinctly, and persuasively. Be prepared discuss your
essay in class.
Assignment #5, Reaction Essay, due June 9
Students are to prepare a five (5) page essay on the following: “Is the practice of public relations
any different today than in years past? That’s one of the more frequently asked questions in blog
communities, LinkedIn discussion groups and Twitter streams. While changes to our profession
continue unabated, would you argue that many of public relations’ core elements remain the
same for information organizations?”
What is required: You are to write a brief reaction essay. “Reaction” means do you agree or
disagree. (1) Begin your assignment by writing a thesis statement that firmly sets your position
regarding the question upfront and how you intend to evaluate the statement; (2) Use examples
to support your view; (3) Your opinions in a responsive essay are welcome, but support your
opinions to give them validity; and (4) You must use five unique sources, two of which must be
from peer reviewed sources.
Objectives: This assignment has multiple goals and they are as follows: To formulate personal
judgments regarding public relation trends; to learn from others; to compare your observations
with readings (required and recommended) and class discussion, and to develop some facility on
expressing these judgments clearly, succinctly, and persuasively. Be prepared discuss your
essay in class.
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Evaluation: Your essay is evaluated on the basis of “required” elements outlined above, clarity,
brevity, ideas developed, sources consulted, organization, originality, and appropriate
composition, as in grammar and spelling.
Assignment #6 TDS Grant Application, due June 13
Students are to prepare a grant to TDS Telecommunications Corporation, the seventh largest
local exchange telephone company in the U.S. Headquartered in Madison, WI. To undertake this
assignment you need to learn more about TDS; TDS grant requirements; and review TDS grant
guidelines.
Objectives: The purpose of this assignment is to allow you to become more familiar with the
how to make a grant to a corporate foundation.
What is required: Each student is to complete a grant application to TDS Telecommunications.
This will require you to compose only a mission statement and narrative request.
Evaluation: Your grade is based on your ability to follow the grant guidelines and to prepare a
persuasive narrative that demonstrates creativity, originality, accuracy, and organization of ideas;
and the level of thoughtful evaluation and reflection used in addressing the assignment.
Assignment #7A-B-C-D-E, Reading and Citation, due June 3, 10, 16, 17, and 19
Objective: The purpose of this assignment is to become familiar with current trends and issues
in fundraising, marketing and public relations and the publications that regularly report on these
topics.
On June 3; 10; 16; 17; and 19 each class will begin with thirty minutes of sharing current
activities/news events on a variety of fundraising, marketing, and public relation activities as
they relate to information agencies and not for profits. Suggested sources for articles include,
but are not limited to those listed on page 5 of the syllabus.
You should bring to class either a citation on what you plan to discuss or the article itself (or
book). Be prepared with one or two meaningful sentences or passages from the article. Share
the specific sentences or ideas and explain what you found significant about them. You may use
this to agree or disagree with the author, and you need to relate your comment(s) to the focus of
the course.
Evaluation: Discussion topics, while not graded in themselves, are used in determining the final
assessment for the class participation component of the final grade.
Assignment #8A-B-C-D, Capstone Project, due: June 10, 12, 17, and 19
The class shall prepare an issue of iConnect, a communication of the Department of Information
Studies that is distributed to IST alumni, faculty, friends, and other IST stakeholders.
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Objectives: This project is designed to provide hands on experience in organizing, publishing,
and disseminating a publication over the web. As part of the capstone project the class, acting as
a team, will discuss and develop content (articles/photographs/graphs) and design.
Goal: The capstone project is designed to assist the department to communicate the successful
activities of the IST program, build brand, and expand visibility.
Evaluation: All members of the class receive an individual grade for the article they prepare. In
addition, this assignment focuses on such principles as building consensus, working
collaboratively, and taking shared responsibility. Collaborations, while not graded in
themselves, are used in determining the final assessment for the class participation component of
the final grade.
Each student is expected to prepare a 250 word article on a topic germane to IST and in
accordance with the general guidelines established for iConnect:
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“iConnect is an electronic update sent to UAlbany Department of Information Studies,
alumni and friends. It is a publication that provides summaries and links to news,
announcements and other information of interest to IST alumni and friends.”
Your final copy will be evaluated on the basis of content, clarity, ideas developed, organization,
originality, and appropriate composition, as in good grammar and correct spelling, as well as
accuracy. Your final copy is submitted in electronic format to my attention with “Final iConnect
2014 Copy” in your subject line.
Assignment #9A-B-C, Speaker Summaries: due June 09, 10, and 16
Objective: The purpose of these assignments is a practical exercise to hone your synthesis and
thinking skills while enhancing your writing abilities.
Required:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Students are to hand in a brief two page summary of each guest lecturer’s comments;
Resist the temptation to embellish, focus on the main points made by speakers;
Do not include any biographical information about the speaker in your summary;
Be critical in in your analyses of their remarks
Speaker analyses are due the first class following the presentation.
Evaluation: Speaker Analysis, while not graded in themselves, are used in determining the final
assessment for the class participation component of the final grade.
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