Ada, CMM Level 4, and the C-130J Aircraft
Presentation for SIGAda 2002
University of Houston, Clear Lake
Tuesday, December 10, 2002
Richard Conn, C-130J Software Process Engineer
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Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company
Contents
 About the C-130J Aircraft
 Specifications
 Applications
 Software Associated with the
C-130J Aircraft
 Mission Computer
 Ground-Based Data System
 Software Development
Environment
 Languages and Tools
 Achieving Capability
Maturity Through
Automation
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Company at Air Force Plant 6
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About the C-130J Aircraft
First named “Hercules,” the C-130
has become a legend, with more
than 2,100 C-130’s built and
purchased by over 60 nations in
dozens of variations. The C-130:
Carries troops, vehicles, and
armaments into battle
Drops paratroopers and
supplies
Serves as airborne and ground
refuelers
Provides emergency and
humanitarian relief (even acting
as hospital ships)
Does airborne early warning and
maritime surveillance (it even
flies into hurricanes)
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First delivery of the C-130J was to the Royal Air Force
The new C-130J looks like the original on the
outside, but it is vastly improved:
21% faster, 40% higher, 40% longer range
Reduced manpower (aircrew of 2 instead of 5),
operating costs, support costs, lifecycle costs
A new propulsion system (29% more thrust with
15% more fuel efficiency)
Advanced avionics technology – 50 World’s
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About the C-130J - Advanced Avionics Technology
 Four multifunctional heads-down
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
instrument readouts for
 Aircraft Flight Control
 Operating Internal Systems
 Navigation
 Two holographic heads-up displays
(HUDs) compatible with night
vision imaging systems
 Full-Authority Digital Aircraft
Engine Control (FADEC)
 Two Mission Computers (MCs) and
two backup Bus Interface Units
(BIUs) provide dual-redundant
aircraft control with integrated
diagnostics
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The State-of-the-Art Cockpit of the C-130J
 Ground-Based Data System
(GBDS) for aircraft analysis and
maintenance on the ground
 More than 50 Computer Software
Configuration Items (CSCIs)
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Classes of Aircraft Software
 Block 2 - the 382J Aircraft
 Block 5 – Maintenance and ECPs
as well as more Variants
 The 382J Aircraft is the base class
 Customer needs change
upon which the C-130J is based
 More customers, such as
 The 382J Aircraft received FAA Type
Denmark
Certification
 Block 3 - the basic C-130J Aircraft
 Each Block (and, in the case of
Block 4 and 5, each Variant) is
 Inherits from the 382J Aircraft
divided into:
 Block 2 and Block 3 Domain
 Air Vehicle CSCIs - provide
Engineering was performed since the
central computing (MC and
early 1990’s
BIU) and subsystem (e.g.,
FADEC) software on the
 Block 4 - the Variants of the basic C-130J
aircraft
Aircraft
 Support Systems CSCIs  Unique versions of the C-130J modified
support ground-based
laboratories and data
for several customers, including, but
collection and analysis
not limited to:
system (GBDS)
 United States Air Force (2 Variants)
 Training Systems CSCIs support training the air crew
 Royal Air Force - United Kingdom
and aircraft maintenance
 Royal Australian Air Force
personnel
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C-130J CSCI Hierarchy
C-130J CSCIs
Air Vehicle (AV)
CSCIs
 MC and BIU
Operational
Flight Program
(OFP) CSCIs
 Subsystem
CSCIs
Support Systems
CSCIs
 Ground-Based Data
System (GBDS) CSCIs
 Large Aircraft Digital
Avionics Simulation
and Systems
Integration Laboratory
(LADASSIL) CSCIs
Training Systems
CSCIs
 Aircrew CSCIs
 Maintenance
CSCIs
There are more than 50 Air Vehicle CSCIs for each Block.
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Air Vehicle CSCIs - Introduction
 The C-130J Air Vehicle Avionics
Architecture
 Two Mission Computers (MCs)
 Two Bus Interface Units (BIUs)
 A number of aircraft subsystem
devices known generally as LineReplaceable Units (LRUs)
 LMAC has developed the MC
Operational Flight Program (OFP)
and the BIU OFP CSCIs
 Perform interconnection and
intercommunication between
other computing elements
 Central repository for
information on the aircraft
subsystems
 LMAC and 26 suppliers have
developed the LRUs and their
internal software
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 The MC OFP and the BIU OFP CSCIs
interact with the 6 Ground-Based
Data System (GBDS) CSCIs
developed by LMAC
 Ground Maintenance Program
Application Processing (GMPAP)
CSCI
 Ground Maintenance Program
Special Processing (GMPSP)
CSCI
 Operational Maintenance Program
Mission Computer (OMP-MC)
CSCI
 Operational Maintenance Program
Portable Maintenance Aid (OMPPMA) CSCI
 Router CSCI
 Memory Loader Verifier (MLV)
CSCI
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SDPs - Tier I and Tier II
 Management of such a complex set
 LMAC has created two Air Vehicle
of software created by LMAC and a
Tier II SDPs - one for the MC and
myriad of suppliers is a formidable
BIU OFP CSCIs and one for the 6
task
GBDS CSCIs
 The management starts with the Tier
 These SDPs address
I Software Development Plan (SDP):
management and technical
issues, including, but not
 Is the controlling document for
limited to, the issues of:
managing the software aspects
of the C-130J program
 overall management
 Overviews the management and
 aircraft safety and security
technical processes necessary
 software process definition
to satisfy the requirements of the
and management
C-130J program
 Requirements- and reuse Provides directions for creating
oriented software processes
the Tier II SDPs, provided by
have been developed in
LMAC and each supplier
accordance with the LMAC
Standard Software Process
Framework (SSPF), which is
compliant with SEI CMM Level
3, ISO 9001, and IEEE/EIA 12207
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Level 1 C-130J MC Software Development Process
System
Definition
Software
Requirements
System
Maintenance
Test
Readiness
Review
Software
Design
Code/
Unit Testing
Requirements-Based
Testing
Qualification
Test
Qualification
Test Preparation
Software
Integration
SEPD
Build
Formal
Qualification
Test
Formal
Qualification
Test Preparation
Documentation
Production
Software
Delivery
Each process in these boxes is expanded in a Level 2 diagram (not shown in
this presentation). There are over 110 processes total (21 November 2002).
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Software Development and Reuse
 Domain Engineering (DE) is performed on
 Requirements-Based
the C-130J program (has been since the
Engineering (RBE) is performed
early 1990’s)
on the C-130J program
 The C-130J domain was defined in terms
 Requirements are defined in a
of the Air Vehicle, Support, and Training
more precise, specific form
Systems, emphasizing the MC and BIU
using CoRE (Consortium
OFP CSCIs:
Requirements Engineering)
 MC and BIU Architecture definition
tables
was designed to support the
 Qualification criteria
addition, removal, and modification
(testability) for requirements
of classes of LRU devices to the
is defined when the
aircraft
requirements themselves are
 Design templates for 5, and now 8,
defined
classes of devices were created and
 This leads to Requirementsused; today, we call this TemplateBased Testing (RBT)
Based Design (TBD) and use the
templates to add new devices/LRUs  DE, ADARTS, TBD, RBE, RBT,
and CoRE are employed with the
 Ada-based Design Approach for
support of the Software
Real-Time Systems (ADARTS) was
Productivity Consortium (SPC)
used to create the templates
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Process Change and Product Lifecycle Management
 Process changes and product
lifecycles are managed using an
automated rule-based, closed-loop
change control process driven by
the Process Configuration
Management System (PCMS) tool
 All work products, not just
baselined products, are
controlled
 The program personnel are
given roles that specify their
abilities to affect the products
being controlled
 Parallel development efforts are
facilitated (8 C-130J
Blocks/Variants are currently in
various stages of development)
 Accurate, current, and complete
status accounting is a by-product of
the use of the PCMS-based process
 The automated process backed by
tool support reduces administrative
support and clerking overhead
 Electronic Online Software Change
Requests (OSCRs) and an electronic
Software Development Change
Control (SDCC) board are a key part
of this process
 OSCRs are controlled like any other
work product, and they have a
lifecycle
Submit
Analysis
SDCC
Review
Requirements
Implementation
Integration
and Testing
Code
Implementation
Ready
for Build
Hold
OSCR
Lifecycle
Closed
Reject
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Corporate Perspective
Cumulative Percentage Life Cycle Cost
100%
95%
Committed Costs
85%
90%
80%
500-1000X
70%
70%
20-100X
60%
Production/
Test Phase
50%
3-6X
40%
100%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Operations
Through
Disposal
Concept
Phase
8%
Design
Phase
15%
Development
50%
20%
Time
Full Program Expenditures
Presented at the Lockheed Martin Joint Symposium 2001 by Dr. Vance Coffman, Chairman
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Software Development Environment – Trapping
Defects Through Lines of Defense
Requirements
Ada Compilers
and Tool Platforms
RTM and
Requirements
Analysis
Code
Path Coverage
Analyzer
Software Product
Evaluations
Test Scripts
SPARK Examiner and
Robustness
Analyzers
Processes and
Metrics
Requirements-Based
Testing and Lab Tests
Audits/Assessments
Other Products
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Automated Software Product Evaluations
Planning
Preparation/
Conduct
Review
Overview
Inspection/
Conclude
Rework
Follow-Up
and Lock
3rd Hour/
Process
Improvement
= optional
Process Flow
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Automated SPEs (continued)
Server Side
SPE Controller
Client Side
IWeb Browser
(IE or Netscape)
IPT Configuration
SPE
Data Store
Containing
Several
Datasets
SPE Starter 4 with
Code Counter
Ft Worth
(Automet )
SPE Information Assistant
IPT Configuration
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Client Side –
PCs and Suns
Automated SPEs (concluded)
Web Browser,
SPE Starter 4, or IA
(Data Collection)
Information Assistant (IA)
(Data Analysis)
Windows or UNIX Operating System (SS4, IA run only under Windows)
UNIX Operating System
Server Side - Sun
HTTP Daemon (Web Server)
DCS3 SPE Controller
DCS3 Data Store
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Questions? Looking for More Information?
 LM and LMAC Public Websites
 http://www.lockheedmartin.com
 http://www.lmaeronautics.com/
 My University Websites
 http://unicoi.kennesaw.edu/~rconn
 Paper in Crosstalk
 Paper in IEEE Software
 http://cs.spsu.edu/rconn
 My email
 Richard.L.Conn@lmco.com
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