Name:
Date:
Class:
STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 1 ASTRONOMY TEST
Section 1 – Earth in Space
Key concepts:
1. Earth moves through space in two major ways:
and revolution.
rotation
Which of these causes day and night? ________________
2. Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it
revolves around the sun. Study the seasons diagram in your
binder…you should be able to:
 identify all important features of that diagram
seasons
solstice or equinox
approximately dates
lines and degrees of latitude
Earth’s axis with appropriate tilt
Key Terms:
astronomy, axis, rotation , revolution, orbit, calendar,
solstice, equinox
Study pages 6-13 in your book and your seasons quiz in your
binder.
Section 2 – Gravity and Motion
Key Concepts:
1. The strength of the force of gravity between two objects
depends on two factors: the masses of the objects and the
distance between them.
What is the difference between mass and weight?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________
2. Newton concluded that two factors – inertia and gravity –
combine to
 keep Earth in orbit around the sun and
 the moon in orbit around Earth.
Explain this on the lines below.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Key Terms:
force, gravity, law of universal gravitation, mass, weight,
inertia, Newton’s first law of motion
Study pages 16-19 in book
Section 3 – Phases, Eclipses, and Tides
Key Concepts:
1.
The changing relative positions of the moon, Earth, and
sun cause
 the phases of the moon
 eclipses
 tides
2.
The phase of the moon you see depends on how much of
the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth.
Use your moon reference sheet to study the moons phases.
 What adjective do we use to describe when the moon is
more lit on the right side? ___________
 What adjective do we use to describe when there is less
than half a moon visible? _________
3.
When the moon’s shadow hits Earth or Earth’s shadow
hits the moon, an eclipse occurs.
4.
Use you eclipse diagrams so you are able to identify:
 the relative positions of moon, Earth, sun during
an eclipse.
 What is the moon phase during a lunar eclipse?
_________________
5.Tides are caused mainly by differences in how much the
moon’s gravity pulls on different parts of Earth.
What is a neap tide?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
__________
What is the moon phase during a spring tide?
_______________________________________________
Key Terms:
phases, eclipse, solar eclipse, umbra, penumbra, lunar
eclipse, tide, spring tide, neap tide