Ancient Greece Study
Guide and Review
Chapter 4 Section 1
1. Only free native-born men who owned land
could be citizens p.122
2. The Greek alphabet was based on the Phoenician
alphabet p. 120
Chapter 4 Section 2
1. Peisistratus won the support of the poor by
dividing large estates among landless farmer. P.129
2. Spartan returned home at age 30. p.127
Chapter 4 Section 3
1. Xerxes became the Persian king after the death of
his father Darius in 486 B.C. p.135
2. Xerxes wanted to conquer Greece because he
wanted to seek revenge, to win glory, and to
increase his country’s wealth. P.135
3. The Greeks won the battle of Salamis because
their ships could move around quickly. P. 136
Chapter 4 Section 4
The Delian League began as an alliance to protect
the Greeks from the Persians. P. 139
In direct democracy, people gather at mass
meetings to decide government matters. P.139
Chapter 5 Section 1
The goddess of wisdom and crafts is Athena p. 155
Homer’s epic Iliad is about the Trojan War. p.157
Chapter 5 Section 2
Philosophers believed the human mind could
understand everything. P.169
Socrates was sentenced to death for his teachings. P.
170
Plato thought that government should be headed by
philosopher-kings. p. 170
A Greek named Herodotus wrote the history of the
Persian Wars. P. 173
Terms, People, Places
Spartans focused on military training
Pericles made Athens more democratic
Satrapies were Persian states or provinces
Oligarchy was a form of government used by
Spartans
A strait a narrow body water with land on both
sides
Parthenon was created by workers hauled 20,000
tons of marble and took 15 years to build
Tyrant rules with authority
Athens focused on government and education
Cyrus the Great was the King of Persia
A myth is a traditional story about gods and heroes.
Thucydides was considered by some to be the
greatest historian of the ancient world.
Pythagoras taught that the universe followed the
same rules as music and numbers.
Mount Olympus is the highest mountain in Greece.
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