2014 OCCUPATIONAL ANALYTICAL REPORT FOR ENGINEERS VERSION 0.80 Analysis and Research of the Various Engineering Fields Prepared by Engineering Students of English 2100 Andrew Welke Austin Wade Dustin Robinson Greg Caton Kade Heales Jim Slater 1 Nicholas Peterson Shane Baca Table of Contents Introductions Page 3 Purpose Statement Description of the Team’s Work Project Research Questions Overview of Results Page 3 Page 3 Page 3 Page 3 Methodology Page 4 Introduction Information Source 1 Information Source 2 Page 4 Page 5 Page 7 Results Page 9 Introduction Career Keywords Resume Elements Key Experience Education References and Networking Occupational Employment Statistics Chemical Engineer Civil Engineers Materials Engineers Mechanical Engineers Page 9 Page 10 Page 13 Page 15 Page 20 Page 22 page 24 page 25 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27 Discussion Page 9 Introduction Career Keywords Resume Elements Key Experience Education References and Networking Occupational Employment Statistics Page 9 Page 10 Page 13 Page 15 Page 20 Page 22 page 24 Conclusion Page 28 Summarize the key points Predict the future of the field Recommendations Page 29 Page 29 Page 30 Appendices Page 30 Appendix A: team Profiles. Names Majors, Descriptions Appendix B: Individual Accountability Memo 2 Page 31 Page 32 Introduction Purpose Statement The purpose of this paper is to analyse the various Engineering fields from education requirements to Receiving that first job. Description of the Team’s Work Project A frequently asked question amongst college engineers is; where do we get started? Are purpose is to answer this question to the best of our abilities, we hope to obtain valuable knowledge in each of our respected fields of engineering; Mechanical engineering, civil engineering, material science engineering. We have organized an effective way to research and explore the things that will prepare use to become great engineering students and also great in our future jobs. We created this question that we are prepared to answer throughout our report, what can we do as students to become strong well balanced engineers, and to achieve our goals during and after college? Research Questions ● ● ● ● ● ● ● What stand out in a resume? What level of education are you looking for when hiring engineers? What is more important, job history or education? What are some Career keywords that you look for in a Resume? What Key Experience do you want to see on a resume? What the minimum level of education does engineers require? What is the job outlook for engineers and what type of companies look for Engineers? Overview of Results In this report we demonstrate a great deal of organization and attention to details. If you look at our index you will notice that it is very simple, yet very helpful and accurate. When you turn to one of our many pages you will see that everything is neat and nicely labeled and full of useful data. Some of our key results are: · · Work history is the most valuable thing to have on resume Interning and networking are things that should be done as soon as possible 3 Methodology Introduction We are all college students hoping to pursue a career in one of the main fields of engineering. We have narrowed down are research to just few branches of engineering, Mechanical, Civil, Chemical, and Materials. To begin we all got together to write the anticlerical paper you see before you and assigned parts for each individual to research, study and to contribute a piece. We learned that companies are looking for people that have plenty of experience and social skills. We also learned that engineering companies are checking credit scores, and most importantly social media, Mark Egan (Lead Project Counsel Chevron oil) says that you find out more about a person from social media than you can through any other check. We collected a lot of our information through the internet, we used the salt lake community website to show how the pre engineering program is helping us reach our goals through the class they have created for our benefit. We also had a few of our group interview, and email questions hiring managers and also engineers that have been in the field working for many years, about how to obtain jobs With every anticlinal report there will always be limitations. Time was one of the things that was not on our side, we of course had plenty of time to research each individual parts but coming together as a complete group to calibrate was very difficult. With different approaches and techniques will yield many different results. Dallan Andrus Operations Manager at Merit Sensor Systems Interview Questions 1.) What is the most important section of a resume? 4 Work experience and Secondary skills. A graduate with a degree in engineering from the major universities in Utah are expected to have a basic level of education and skill set. These sections differentiate resumes applicants and help a resume stand out. 2.) What level of education are you looking for when hiring engineers? The degree that is usually sufficient is a bachelor’s degree. Graduate degrees are treated as an equivalent amount of work experience. A master’s degree would be treated as two years of work experience. GPA does not necessarily need to be included as other applicants don’t always include it. This makes comparison between applicants difficult. 3.) Do you look for specific minors? Not specifically. Relevant minors are a positive. A computer science minor was a major positive as the ability to program has become important in industrial applications. 4.) What amount of experience are you looking for? The amount of experience is position dependent. Merit has positions for new graduates and experienced engineers. For engineers coming out of school a solid internship in their field is an excellent substitute for on the job experience. More experienced engineers are expected to have relevant work experience. An engineer, who has been employed outside of their field, even though employed, would be considered to not have experience when looking at their resume. 5.) What are the secondary skills that you look for on a resume? One important skill that is looked for is computer programming knowledge. Specifically programs like MATLAB and Solidworks. Generally showing any knowledge of computer programming languages stands out on a resume. Machine shop experience is another positive to have on a resume. One of the most important skills that should be acquired was in statistics. This was stressed as the one skill that had on the job applications that were constantly used. 6.) Should professional organizations be included? Membership in a professional organization is a plus. Being able to show actual involvement in the organization will stand out on a resume. Such as organizing events or holding an officer position within the organization. This was another way to show some differentiation from other applicants. 5 7.) What are some red flags that you look for on a resume? A resume must be one page. If the resume is two pages it must be a quality resume with no filler wasting space. Clean formatting of the resume. A disorganized resume won’t be considered at all. It is important to remember that the resume gets the applicant the interview and the interview gets the job. 8.) What stands out on a resume? Being specific on a resume makes it stand out. As an example, if you cut cost for production, say specifically how much you cut costs. Tailor your resume to the job description to improve its appearance. Experience that is relevant to the job posting makes the resume stand out. Cast your experience and academic achievements in the best light. Include achievements even if they are not relevant to the position. It is a way to differentiate your resume from the other applicants. Show the ability to be a leader. Mark Egan Lead Project counsel at Chevron Oil Interview questions 1.) Why do you require resumes? Resumes are a quick snapshot of the applicant’s education and work history. It also tells us if they are involved in any type of industry groups. 2.) When you first receive a resume what do you look for first? We receive a lot of resumes so we look for well organized resumes. They just stand out from the rest of them. It is very important because in the engineering field you have to be very organized and direct. 3.) What do you mean by they stand out? 6 Bold headers, work history, education level, organization memberships and other things things pertaining to the job. And it is all neat and orderly. 4.) Do you prefer resumes with or without references? Without because if we call you in for an interview we have you fill out an application with all that information. 5.) What is more important, job history or education? Education is important but we put job history first when you have 5+ years’ experience in the field we are hiring for. My experience is that applicants with 5+ years of experience acclimate better than a college grad coming directly from school with no real world experience. 6.) Does Chevron hirer interns? And if you do hire interns do you give them first priority when hiring for their field? Yes we have an intern program here and we do hire interns that show promise once they are graduated. We also have a program that you can apply for that you can get paid for working and we will pay for your schooling also. 7.) When you are interested in an applicant do you search social media for them? Absolutely, we have people doing background checks, credit checks, and a social media check. You can find out more about a person from social media than you can through any other check. 8.) What is the best advice you have for someone that is getting ready to graduate and starting their job search? Intern and network as much as possible. The more people you know and the more experience you have the better. Results Introduction Of Results There are many different engineering fields. We did research into a few different 7 disciplines. We started with education, resume and landing a job, and what to expect from your chosen discipline. What you’ll do on the job, career outlook, and pay scale. Engineers are always in demand. With an engineering degree, you’ll have endless possibilities, and will take you anywhere in the world you want to go. Career Keywords This section was taken from various job descriptions in the field of Engineering. In each field has very few differences and we had a separate table to specify those differences. The next table produces the many similarities of each section. Chemical Engineer Civil Engineer Mechanical Engineer Materials Engineer Safety Testing Geometric Modelling AutoCAD analysis of materials 8 Quality Control Modeling System Inspection Evaluate Mathematical Model Observe coordinate Composite Analysis Synthetic Construction Blueprints Provide Chemical Systems Building Code Bills of Material Service Lab Testing Technical Planning Develops Preparation Polymers Directing Analyzes Designs Technical Evaluation Chemicals Manufacturing Workgroup Financials Mechanical Distribution Systems Develop HAZMAT Hydraulics HVAC Material Review Facilitate Maps Implements New Ideas HAZMAT Environmental Regulations Computer Aided Drafting Recommendations Microscopy Nanotechnology Conducts inspections Cooperatively Material Properties Petroleum Surveying Plumbing Material Improvement Production Meetings with Stakeholder Good Working Relationships Plan experiments Develop Lead Interviews Initiative Lab Testing Municipal Wastewater Presentations Fabrication Expertise Packaging Technology Chemical Engineer Civil Engineer Mechanical Engineer Materials Engineer Engineering Knowledge Engineering Knowledge Engineering Knowledge Engineering Knowledge Calculations Calculations Calculations Calculations Quality Control Quality Control Quality Control Quality Control Prototyping Prototyping Prototyping Prototyping 9 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Cost Estimates Cost Estimates Cost Estimates Cost Estimates Planning Planning Planning Planning Conceptualized Conceptualized Conceptualized Conceptualized Evaluated Evaluated Evaluated Evaluated Assembled Assembled Assembled Assembled Design Design Design Design Oversee Oversee Oversee Oversee Data Collection Data Collection Data Collection Data Collection Consultation Consultation Consultation Consultation Sales Sales Sales Sales Technical Guidelines Technical Guidelines Technical Guidelines Technical Guidelines Theoretical Analysis Theoretical Analysis Theoretical Analysis Theoretical Analysis Patient Patient Patient Patient Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Technical Planning Technical Planning Technical Planning Technical Planning Teamwork Teamwork Teamwork Teamwork Microsoft Office Microsoft Office Microsoft Office Microsoft Office Organizational Skills Organizational Skills Organizational Skills Organizational Skills Resume Elements In both interviews I did both employers stated that work experience was very important. They wanted to see people with 5+ years of experience. They did say that if you are in school and have no experience at all in the engineering field you are going to school for you should intern as much as possible. As far as education they both said that a bachelors in sufficient enough and you must be a certified engineer. If you have a masters you will be able to demand a little higher salary but it is not necessary. The employer from chevron said that it is also helpful if you are part of industry groups. 10 Key Experience 1.) Actual Work Experience In the Field You Applied For 2.) Intern With a Company You Want to Work For 3.) Have An Awesome GPA References and Networking It is very important to network with as many people as you can that work in the industry. The saying it is not what you know but who you know. Both employers I interviewed agreed that you will receive first look and interview if you are referred by a current employee rather than just randomly applying. Education The Engineering field is based heavily in math and science. Some people have to start their Math at 990, and work all the way up to Math 2250. Your math classes range from Algebra, to Differential Equations/Linear Algebra. The University of Utah expects you to be able to start out at Math 1210 Calculus 1, as a freshman. Most people aren’t at that level 1 math, so you have to start out at the community college level. But even if you can perform math at that level, some students are better off doing their freshman and sophomore years at the local community college. At the community college you can start taking entry level engineering classes, which are the same you’d be taking at the university, after you complete Math 1010. As you progress in math, you are able to take more and more science based engineering classes. The engineering classes have a wide range of diversity. You study fields ranging from General Chemistry, Surveying, and Nuclear Science just to name a few. There are several major advantages to starting out at the community college over starting at the university. (1) Financial. It is cheaper to fulfil your freshman and sophomore years at the community college. (2) Smaller classes. Class sizes are smaller at the community college level. (3) The SLCC Assc. Of Pre-Engineer program 11 is designed to work with The University of Utah Undergraduate Program. (4) Community College will prepare you for your experience at the university level, so you don’t become overwhelmed, by the size and scope of the university. 12 13 14 Occupational Employment Statistics Deciding that Wages and employment numbers are always important in this economy. As a group we decided that this is very important subject. We separated the graphs to individual careers for each person in our occupational analysis project group. Chemical Engineer 2012 Median Pay $94,350 per year $45.36 per hour Entry-Level Education Bachelor’s degree Work Experience in a Related Occupation None On-the-job Training None Number of Jobs, 2012 33,300 Job Outlook, 2012-22 4% (Slower than average) Employment Change, 2012-22 1,500 Percentile wage estimates for this occupation: Percentile 10% (Low) 25% 50% (Median) 75% 90% (High) Hourly Wage $28.28 $35.49 $45.36 $57.26 $74.44 Annual Wage $58,830 $73,810 $94,350 $119,100 $154,840 15 Industries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation: Industry Employment Percent of industry employment Annual Mean wage Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services 5,560 0.43 $105,110 Basic Chemical Manufacturing 4,240 2.96 $106,140 Scientific Research and Development Services 3,310 0.52 $105,150 Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing 2,110 2.31 $96,110 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing 1,890 1.70 $109,280 Top paying industries for this occupation: Industry Employment Percent of industry employment Annual mean wage Natural Gas Distribution TBD TBD $152,930 Management of Companies and Enterprises 1,250 0.06 $142,790 Oil and Gas Extraction 580 0.32 $133,870 Support Activities for Mining 190 0.05 $128,740 Employment Services 210 0.01 $118,150 16 Civil Engineers 2012 Median Pay $79,340 per year $38.14 per hour Entry-Level Education Bachelor’s degree Work Experience in a Related Occupation None On-the-job Training None Number of Jobs, 2012 272,900 Job Outlook, 2012-22 20% (Faster than average) Employment Change, 2012-22 53,700 Percentile wage estimates for this occupation: 25% 50% (Median) 75% Percentile 10% (Low) Hourly Wage $24.65 $30.30 $38.14 $48.24 $58.66 Annual Wage $51,280 $63,030 $79,340 $100,330 $122,020 17 90% (High) Industries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation: Industry Employment Numbers Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services 132,990 10.23 $41.43 $86,170 State Government (OES Designation) 33,770 1.53 $36.79 $76,520 Local Government (OES Designation) 28,910 0.53 $40.61 $84,470 Nonresidential Building Construction 14,020 2.14 $39.11 $81,350 Federal Executive Branch (OES Designation) 10,480 0.51 $41.98 $87,320 Top paying industries for this occupation: Industry Employment Numbers Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance TBD TBD $66.72 $138,780 Specialized Design Services 60 0.05 $50.71 $105,470 Urban Transit Systems TBD TBD $50.33 $104,690 Oil and Gas Extraction 230 0.13 $49.35 $102,640 Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services 50 0.01 $49.11 $102,150 18 Materials Engineers 2012 Median Pay $85,150 per year $40.94 per hour Entry-Level Education Bachelor’s degree Work Experience in a Related Occupation None On-the-job Training None Number of Jobs, 2012 23,200 Job Outlook, 2012-22 1% (Little or no change) Employment Change, 2012-22 200 Percentile wage estimates for this occupation: Percentile 10% (Low) 25% 50% (Median) 75% 90% (High) Hourly Wage $25.43 $32.16 $40.94 $51.69 $62.51 Annual Wage $52,900 $66,900 $85,150 $107,510 $130,020 19 Industries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation: Industry Employment Numbers Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing 4,370 0.89 $46.23 $96,170 Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services 2,190 0.17 $40.72 $84,710 Scientific Research and Development Services 1,670 0.27 $42.63 $88,670 Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing 1,480 0.38 $40.49 $84,220 Federal Executive Branch (OES Designation) 1,330 0.07 $53.12 $110,480 Top paying industries for this occupation: Industry Employment Numbers Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance TBD TBD $57.42 $119,440 Federal Executive Branch (OES Designation) 1,330 0.07 $53.12 $110,480 Specialized Design Services 30 0.03 $50.94 $105,950 Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 30 0.02 $50.50 $105,030 Remediation and Other Waste Management Services TBD TBD $48.27 $100,400 20 Mechanical Engineers 2012 Median Pay $80,580 per year $38.74 per hour Entry-Level Education Bachelor’s degree Work Experience in a Related Occupation None On-the-job Training None Number of Jobs, 2012 258,100 Job Outlook, 2012-22 5% (Slower than average) Employment Change, 2012-22 11,600 Percentile wage estimates for this occupation: Percentile 10% (Low) 25% 50% (Median) 75% 90% (High) Hourly Wage $25.01 $31.02 $38.74 $48.38 $58.43 Annual Wage $52,030 $64,530 $80,580 $100,620 $121,530 Industry profile for this occupation: Industry Employment Numbers Percent of industry 21 Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage employment Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services 54,770 4.21 $43.15 $89,760 Scientific Research and Development Services 14,470 2.30 $44.97 $93,540 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing 12,940 2.63 $43.53 $90,550 Federal Executive Branch (OES Designation) 11,820 0.58 $44.83 $93,250 Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing 10,980 2.71 $42.79 $88,990 Top paying industries for this occupation: Industry Employment Numbers Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage Oil and Gas Extraction 420 0.23 $61.85 $128,650 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil TBD TBD $52.96 $110,150 Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers TBD TBD $48.62 $101,140 Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing 210 1.12 $48.16 $100,170 Remediation and Other Waste Management Services 220 0.17 $47.84 $99,510 22 Discussion Career Keywords I recieved majority of this information from the job descriptions from job postings online. I looked for the buzzwords in the description and required duties of each of the postings. Example if it says Computer aided drafting I added it to this list. Moreover, there was a pattern in keywords that I end up separating into its own table showing that the fields tend to overlap when it comes to key words. Resume Elements As I prepared to call the two employers to ask my questions I stopped and decided to write down my goal of what I was trying to achieve. I wanted to make the information I was gathering something that myself and my other team members could really use. So I wrote down some more questions that I thought would be relevant to our industry. I also wanted to make sure that the employer feel as if they also had a part in helping future engineers. Key Experience Discussion There is a fairly wide range of skill set and experience a qualified engineer is required to have. The minimum educational requirement is having at least a bachelor’s degree. Also work experience is a great qualification. The ideal thing to do is become an intern or do some kind of job shadowing while going to school. Many internships are available for students, so it is a wise decision to take advantage of them, and gain as much experience as possible before graduating References and Networking Discussion I wanted to find out if you had a better chance of getting hired if you network with people in the industry , and if you received a referral from someone at the company you were applying at. Also I wanted to know what type of networking would be recommended. Managing Multiple Fields Managing multiple fields was not a very difficult task. Although members of our group are studying different disciplines, a lot of the educational requirements, key words, 23 experience level, etc. are very similar in a lot of the various engineering fields. After gathering Information from chemical, materials science, civil and mechanical engineering, we found that there is a lot in common, although they all have different fields of expertise. Since most projects in engineering require every aspect of engineering, all types of engineers must work closely with one another and collaborate frequently, a lot of their work overlaps. References and Networking Networking and getting to know people in your field of choice is probably the single most important part of any ones career. Getting to know people that can get your foot in the door is a great way to get experience and get opened up to a lot more opportunities than would be presented otherwise. There are many ways to network, and get to know people in your field. One way is to create a LinkedIn account. This is a great way to find people in your field, even people at a company of your choice. It is like Facebook, but a more professional and work related social networking Another form of networking is to join engineering societies. Since these societies attract many people from your field of study, it is likely you will meet many contacts that can help you get your foot in the door. Educational Discussion In the grand scheme of things you need to complete various courses in order to become an engineer. The maximum level of math that you need to complete is Math 2250: Linear algebra with Differential Equations. generally it takes college students 6 years to finish a 4 years degree. However, it depends mostly on the level of math that you obtained when entering college. Some of those math courses are prerequisites to the following courses: material; strengths; statics; surveying; chemistry; and physics. The starting point in your Higher education will depend on how much money you are willing to invest in and how much big of classroom size that suits you. No matter where you start you should try to join the various Clubs and societies. These clubs are as follows: American Society of Civil Engineers; American Chemical Society; American Society of Engineering and Education. Occupational Employment Statistics Discussion I received all of this information on about from the bureau of labor statistics website. These results outline the overall job displacements per carrier per industry. The reason why this is so important is because it shows the employment potential of the various engineering fields. The oil and gas extraction industry pays the most when it comes to the annual wage for mechanical engineers. This will 24 help someone to determine their worth in a particular industry to help negotiate wages. Conclusion Keypoints ● Methodology ○ ○ Dallan Andrus, B.S. Chemical Engineering was our interviewed hiring manager Mar Egan Lead Council at Chevron Oil our second interviewed hiring manager 25 ● Results From what we have gathered, employers prefer resumes that are usually one page, clear, have no fillers and straight to the point. If there is more than one page it should be directly about work experience and previous contracts. References should be given during the interview. Be wary of what you post on any kind of social media. ● A good start after graduation or sometimes before is either becoming an intern for a specific company or networking. Try and gain experience in combination of your degree. Career Keywords ○ ○ ○ Resume Elements: Be sure to include all contracts and major projects with previous employers. Key Experience ■ Education: All education requirements require high levels of math and science specializing in chemistry and physics. ■ References and Networking: Don’t burn your bridges as you leave a company. Occupational Employment Statistics ■ Chemical Engineer: 4% job growth in the next 8 years ■ Civil Engineers: 26% job growth in the next 8 years ■ Materials Engineers: 1% job growth in the next 8 years. ■ Mechanical Engineers: 5% job growth in the next 8 years Simply put, all kinds of engineering fields require a lot of mathematics. Many of them also require basic problem solving skills. For any engineering field, it is recommended to have basic coding skills, leadership skills, problem solving skills and teamwork skills. Future of Field This field will always be growing because technology is always growing.Something either needs to fuel that growth or maintain this growth. We should anticipate the needed advances for any technology. A good example is robots. They are slowly becoming more of a part of our lives. Engineers will always be needed. Recommendations ● ● For Mechanical engineers it is recommended to take coding classes for the future of robotics. For Chemical engineering it is recommended to take a course on hazmat to know the dangers and procedures for any accidents. 26 ● ● For Civil Engineering it is recommended to take a course on a business course to learn how to sell the design to whatever company they are working for. For Material engineering it is recommended to take a course on chemistry to learn if certain materials are weak to other chemicals. Appendices Appendix A: Chemical Engineering Greg Canton Civil Engineering Jim Slater Material Science Engineering Nicholas Peterson Mechanical Engineering Dustin Robinson Shane Baca Austin Wade Kade Heales Andrew Welke 27 Chris Wells Appendix B: Individual Accountability Memorandum See next tab for personal information. 28