General and Sports Physiology
PROF. MAURO MARZORATI
COURSE AIMS
This course is designed:
1. To provide students with an understanding of the function and regulation of the
human body and physiological integration of the organ systems to maintain
homeostasis;
2. To provide basic information about physiological responses to acute and chronic
exercise;
3. To provide cultural resources to critically evaluate one’s professional background;
4. To emphasize the relevant features from a functional and patophysiological point of
view,
5. To emphasize the quantitative features.
COURSE CONTENT
1.
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Cardiovascular system
Functional anatomy of the heart
Anatomy and physiology of the cardiac pacemaking and conduction system
Functional features of the cardiovascular system
Features of heart muscle
The cardiac pump
Measurement and control of cardiac output
Dynamics of the peripheral circulation
Arterial blood pressure and its regulation
Cardiovascular responses to acute and chronic exercise
Blood and the plasma proteins: functions and composition of blood
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Respiration
Functional anatomy of the lung
Structure-function relationships of the lung
Mechanics of breathing
Static lung volumes and capacities and dynamic volumes
Pulmonary gas exchange
Gas transport to the periphery
The ventilatory response to exercise
– Control of ventilation
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Renal function (the essentials)
Functional anatomy of the kidneys
The nephron and its portions
The juxtaglomerular apparatus and the renin system
Renal blood flow
Glomerular filtration
Clearance
Tubular function
Urinary concentration and dilution
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The muscular system and nervous control of motor activity
Structure and ultrastructure of skeletal muscle
Mechanics of muscle contraction
Length-tension relationship of the sarcomere and of the isolated muscle
Force-velocity relationship
Motor Unit.
Muscle strength
Nervous control of the motor system
Acute muscle fatigue
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Muscle energetics
Energy sources for muscle contraction
Anaerobic (alactic and lactic) and aerobic metabolism
Kinetics of gas exchange
Limiting factors to maximum aerobic power.
Maximum aerobic power as a function of age and gender.
Anaerobic threshold
6. Biomechanics and bioenergetics of locomotion
– Walking and running
– Energy expenditure of some types of human locomotion and of various sport and
physical activities
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Metabolism, nutrition physiology and thermoregulation
Basal metabolic rate
Respiratory quotient.
Substrate utilization at rest and during exercise
Glycogen
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Digestion and absorption of major nutrients
Caloric values of foodstuffs
Healthy diet
Nutrition for the athlete
Thermoregulation mechanisms
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Exercise at altitude
Aerobic metabolism
Anaerobic metabolim
Training at altitude and sea level performance
9. Diving under water
– Breath-hold diving
– SCUBA diving
10. Physical activity,health and aging
– Beneficial effects of physical activity
– Exercise is medicine
READING LIST
AA.VV., Fisiologia dell’uomo, edi-ermes, Milano. 2010.
W.D. MCARDLE-F.I. KATCH-V.L. KATCH, Fisiologia applicata allo sport, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana,
Milano, 2009 (2nd ed.).
TEACHING METHOD
Lectures in the lecture room in collaboration with Prof. Claudio Marconi, Dr. Simone
Porcelli and Dr. Giuseppe Bellistri. Graphs and figures shown during lectures will be made
available to students. Practical additional classes carried out in the exercise laboratory of the
IBFM-CNR, Segrate (Milan) may be included in the Course.
ASSESSMENT METHOD
Oral examination.
NOTES
A limited number of interested students may practice in the exercise laboratory of IBFMCNR at Segrate (MI). Thesis may be carried out by students attending the laboratory for at least
3 months.
For any question related to the course students may contact Dr. Marzorati at the end of the
lesson or by mail (mauro.marzorati@ibfm.cnr.it).
Further
information
can
be
found
on
the
lecturer's
webpage
http://www2.unicatt.it/unicattolica/docenti/index.html or on the Faculty notice board.
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