Colegio Roosevelt’s Climate Action Plan
ENVR-116, HARVARD
YOCA ARDITI-ROCHA
MAY 6, 20013
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Colegio Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR), The American School of Lima, is an independent international
school providing a college preparatory program in English for students from age 3 through grade 12.
Colegio Franklin Delano Roosevelt, founded in 1946 by American residents in Peru, is a non-sectarian,
non-profit, independent school. Colegio Roosevelt, an International Baccalaureate (IB) World School, is
the official U.S. State Department Office of Overseas Education School in Peru and serves the
international business and diplomatic community, as well as host country nationals seeking a North
American-style of education.
Their campus is located on a 23-acre campus in La Molina, a southeastern suburb of Lima. The Primary
School has two main buildings, the Early Childhood Center (EC/K), a purpose-built facility for instruction
of Early Childhood and Kindergarten. The Elementary School is home to Grades 1-5. The Secondary
School has two main buildings, the High School building and Middle School building.
The A.
Johnson Media Center, constructed in 1984 has over 40,000 volumes and a wide range of audio-visual
resources. The school has more than 700 computers installed in 7 labs, many classrooms, and most
offices. Most are networked and Internet accessible. Fully equipped science labs and 2 large
gymnasiums also support the instructional and extra-curricular programs.
The Roosevelt Pool, built in 2007, is a state of the art aquatics facility with a 25-meter LPG tempered
pool ideal for physical education instruction, swim team practice and community use. Our newest
building, the Performing Arts Center (PAC), is a student-centered educational facility for enhanced
curricular learning through the Arts. Built in 2012, the PAC includes a 450-seat theater, black box
theater, set built multiple spaces for performing arts education; visual arts showcase areas, music
rehearsal rooms and performance venues. An Administration Center is located within the PAC, which
includes the Reception Desk, Cashier, Offices of the Superintendent, Admissions, Communications,
Alumni Relations, Finance, Accounting, Human Resources.
The school has approximately 1,500 enrolled students and 190 faculty members from over 35 different
countries but approximately 50% of the student population are Peruvian nationals. (Colegio Roosevelt)
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FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 3
Final ENVR -116 Project
Figure 1.1 Campus Blueprint
Source: FDR
FDR’s mission statement is: “…to empower our students to pursue their passion for learning, lead lives
of integrity and create socially responsible solutions.” – (Colegio Franklin Delano Roosevelt).
Responsible integration of consideration for the environment into decision-making has helped to make
the Colegio Roosevelt a leader in environmental sustainability education in South America. Throughout
our campus, community, and curriculum there is evidence of commitment to the fulfillment of our
mission statement in creating responsible solutions to environmental issues; but while an ethical
responsibility that may be, sustainability is lightly embedded in the school's culture and there is still
much to be done. We need policies and a road map and now that the ministry of Education &
Environment have published a National Environmental Education Policy we have a better chance to put
sustainability at the top of the agenda.
Implementing a reduction plan will bring the school’s Sustainability ethos to a more tangible level
enabling them to continue their leadership in environmental education in the region while
implementing resource conservation strategies that besides enhancing their bottom line it would
enhance the school’s image while improving faculty retention & reducing turnover.
“Because what
does not get measured, does not get managed” (Unknown), the school welcomed the idea to conduct
its first carbon footprint to better implement reduction strategies across its operation.
FDR’s CARBON FOOTPRINT
Operational control was used to establish organizational boundaries. All main campus buildings except
the new PAC (Inaugurated Sept. 2012), were chosen for organizational boundary.
The operational
boundaries included scope 1, scope 2, and 2 categories of Scope 3 emissions from mid 2008 – mid 2012.
Calculations were based on school’s calendar year from August to August. Scope 2 was solely electricity
and Peru’s electricity emission factor of 0.236 Kg Co2/kWh (IEA, 2012) was used for all years measured.
Going by one of the main principles of the Greenhouse Protocol of Relevance (The Greenhouse Protocol
Standard), it was decided to calculate as part of Scope 3 emissions daily student & faculty/staff
commute as well as its paper consumption. Two surveys were sent out to the school community to
gather data on transportation modes & frequency. We received a high % of participation from school
parents as well as from faculty/staff members after the school’s effort on measuring its carbon footprint
was communicated to all stakeholders.
Fig. 1.2
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FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 5
Final ENVR -116 Project
The Clean air-Cool Planet (CA_CP) calculator was used to perform the GHG emissions as it is considered
the best calculator for schools & colleges in the US and internationally. Communication with CA_CP was
necessary to assist us with the change of Peru’s electricity emissions factor. The CA-CP calculator
launched a web-version dashboard in March 2013 in order to phase out its Excel format to become a
more manageable & interactive system that allows to input comments. It also replaces an IMP because
a notebook version is attached to the calculator to record data sources and observations for future
calculator users. This version was used to perform the Colegio Roosevelt’s GHG inventory.
Table 1 - Colegio Roosevelt’s GHG INVENTORY
Year
2008/
2009
2009/
2010
2010/
2011
2011/
2012
Scope 1: OnCampus
Stationary
Scope 1:
Fleet
Scope 1:
Fertilizer
Scope 2:
Electricity
Scope 3:
Commuting
Scope 3:
Paper
Scope
1
Scope
2
Scope
3
Net
Emissions
MtCO2e*
62.4
193.22
7.3
287.81
916.81
13.08
262.9
287.81
929.9
1,480.63
66.65
143.76
7.3
290.71
966.18
15.89
217.7
290.71
982.1
1,490.50
81.99
154.83
7.3
275.31
971.91
13.93
244.1
275.31
985.8
1,505.27
75.83
204.69
7.3
290.71
999.06
14.1
287.8
290.7
1,013.2
1,591.70
*Units are all Metric Tons of Carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e).
Figure 1.3
Source: (Clean AIr Cool Planet, 2013)
Scope 1
Scope 1 emissions calculated were school fleet fuel consumption, LPG for pool heating and fertilizer
consumption. Because of Peru’s geographical location and benign climate, there’s no need for heat
generation and most buildings operate without air conditioning. The only building with a central HVAC
system is the new Performing art center (PAC) and it is not included as part of this inventory as already
mentioned. We do anticipate an increase of our electricity consumption due to this new 3300 Sq. ft.
facility and the installation of 13 new split a/c units to the elementary building this year. No refrigerant
maintenance records were found for fire extinguisher on campus. Also, it should be noted that the
school does not operate a cafeteria and that the food service is contracted which could be a category to
calculate under scope 3.
Stationary Combustion Source
-FDR Pool Heating System
The school has an indoor swimming pool 25 meters long, 12 meters wide and an average depth of 2.00
meters. The temperature of the water in the pool is heated through the use of a gas (LPG) boiler which
regulates the water temperature automatically at 28 ° C.
Below find the gallons consumed for the past 4 years and their respective emissions. Following the GRP
on stationary combustion sources, the emission factors were taken from Table 12.1. (Climate Registry)
Table 2
School Year
Table 3
Scope 1: On-Campus
Stationary
MtCO2e
FDR POOL
LPG
Yearly Expense
Year
Gallons
US $
2008/2009
62.4
2009
12,306
28,877
2009/2010
66.65
2010
13,650
33,432
2010/2011
81.99
2011
14,470
37,407
2011/2012
75.83
2012
14,520
39,215
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FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 7
Final ENVR -116 Project
-Bus Fleet
Colegio Roosevelt offers transportation to its students on a daily basis. The program currently has about
753 students (out of 1,500) enrolled in the program, which equals to about 50% of the student
population. See Table 4 for annual emissions from consumed fuel based on the gallons of Diesel
purchased on annual basis.
Fertilizer
The school uses about 4 tons of fertilizer every year to maintain their campus lawns; while the nitrogen
composition is unknown, it was assumed on the calculation that it was composed on the average
Nitrogen level used locally of 20%. Because after the application of any nitrogen-containing fertilizer,
approximately 10% is released as nitrous oxide (N2O), they should be reported as fugitive emissions
under scope 1 (Clean AIr Cool Planet, 2013). While the amount of emission from fertilzer is well below
5% we decided to include under the principle of accuracy (The Greenhouse Protocol Standard).
Table 4
School
Year
Scope 1:
Fleet
MtCO2e
Scope 1:
Fertilizer
MtCO2e
2008/2009
193.22
7.3
2009/2010
143.76
7.3
2010/2011
154.83
7.3
2011/2012
204.69
7.3
Scope 2
Scope 2 was solely electricity and Peru’s electricity emission factor of 0.236 Kg Co2/kWh (IEA, 2012) was
used for all years measured. The fuel mix for Peru is 3% coal, 2% oil, 35% gas, 59% hydroelectric, and 1%
other fossil fuels (Osigermin-Organismo de supervision de Energia y Minas, 2010).
As you can see by 2012 results, scope 2 represents about 18% of their total emissions and it is solely
electricity.
Figure
Cool Planet, 2013)
1.4
Source: (Clean AIr
Scope 3
While overseas Faculty going-home travel & faculty training/recruiting trips, waste and purchasing &
transport of school supplies are also very relevant scope 3 categories; they were not included in this
inventory due to lack time and insufficient data. Management systems are already being implemented
going forward to start tracking them in hopes to minimize the environmental impacts associated with
each category. It is anticipated that the emissions from air travelling from the school’s overseas faculty
and their dependents will represent a very significant source considering all hires are entitled to go back
home once at year as part of their compensation package and are for the most part long-haul flights.
-(Non-School Bus) Student Commute
Because Colegio Roosevelt owns its own bus fleet and offers a student transportation program, it was
decided to also calculate the emissions related to the rest of the student population that did not use the
service as part of Scope 3 (emissions from the school’s fleet are include in Scope 1 calculations).
A survey was sent out to the school community to determine the mode of transport and the distance
from where they commute each day to and from the school. An average calculation was made from the
center of each of the 8-residential/municipality districts identified in our survey using Google maps to
calculate average distance from the district to the school and applied to the response % based on
modes. See appendixes A & B.
Table 5- Student Commute Data
FDR
Total
Students
Total Enrolled
School Bus
Students
2-way
Bus Students
1-way
Bus Students
Non-Bus
Commuting
Students
1500
753
624
129
747
Non-Bus
Commuting
Students
Car
Taxi/
Public bus
Car Pool
Walk
77.80%
4%
13.10%
5.60%
2.50%
581
30
97
42
19
747
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Bicycle
FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 9
Final ENVR -116 Project
It was found that out of the 747 students that do not use the school’s bus system, on average 78% (581
students) travel to school in a single car. Using the above data, it was determined that Non-School Bus
students commute an average of 6,123 miles a day and about 1,096,017 miles per school year (179
school calendar days). It must be noted that these calculations were done excluding summer camp
students and did not include weekend school campus visits. Going forward, efforts should be made to
calculate these in a systematic manner to obtain a more accurate & relevant GHG inventory.
-Paper
As school paper consumption is expected to be high but FDR can improve it’s usage with behavioral
change implementing certain standards & printing policies among their faculty & staff.
Another
initiative is to implement a green procurement policy that can source only recyclable content paper and
propose it-self to become paperless as a long-term goal.
Colegio Roosevelt’s Overall Environmental Impact: How Big is
FDR’s Carbon Footprint?
 In 2012 FDR emitted 1,592 MtCO2e or
1.59 kilotons of CO2e the size of a
94.78 meter or 311 feet tall cube,
about the same size of the Statue of
Liberty! (Carbon Visuals)
 Same as annual GHG emissions from
332 passenger vehicles
 CO2 emissions from 178,442 gallons
of gasoline consumed or,
 CO2 emissions from 3,702 barrels of
oil consumed (EPA)
The satellite image below shows FDR’s 2012 total carbon emissions of 1,592 MtCO2e represented in an
imaginary but very visual representation of a CO2 flat patch area over the city of Lima calculated by the
volume of the gas emitted. (Area of the patch) x (depth of quilt) gives the total volume of carbon dioxide.
The layer of carbon dioxide made up of the whole world’s emissions by the earth’s surface calculates the
depth of the carbon quilt. (Carbon Quilt) In other words, the carbon emissions emitted by the school in
2012 would fill an area of 5.2 KM x 5.2 KM or 26.9 km2.
Figure 1.6
Source: (Carbon Quilt)
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FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 11
Final ENVR -116 Project
GHG RISKS & OPPORTUNITES: a guide to a Climate Action plan!
Today there are a great number of risk factors for an organization that relate to the environment: the risk
of climate change, the risk of fossil fuel dependence, the risk of water depletion and the risk of food
supply are among the imminent ones. Co2 levels have reached 400 ppm since 3 million years ago in the
Pliocene Era according to NOAA’s Mauna Loa Observatory, where temperatures rose by between 3 and 4
degrees and sea levels were between five and 40 meters higher than today (Tree Hugher).
Figures 1.7 / 1.8
Source: NOAA
Peru’s biggest risk is its water supply having lost 30% of its glaciers since 1970, because of rising
temperatures and increase population & energy demands (Washington Post, 2011). Because Lima is the
second biggest city with over 9 million people located in a desert, its more vulnerable to the already
mentioned risks above. Currently, each person living in Lima uses approximately 66 gallons of water per
day, an amount well above that of other large cities of South America such as Bogotá or Santiago, where
the average use is estimated in 40 gallons per person (The Nature Conservancy). An urgent need to
reduce the amount of water consumed in the city is needed.
Colegio Roosevelt’s Mission Statement states “…to empower our students to pursue their passion for
learning, lead lives of integrity and create socially responsible solutions.” – (Colegio Franklin Delano
Roosevelt). As an responsible organization, Colegio Roosevelt must lead to create socially responsible
solutions to help mitigate possibly the biggest risk civilization will soon face, climate change.
Implementing a Climate Action Plan not only will bring great economic opportunities to the school by
reducing their energy, procurement & water costs; but, it will also give Colegio Roosevelt the
competitive advantage by distinguishing them as Educators for Sustainable Development leaders
impacting the local community, enhancing their reputation and image while improving faculty retention
& reducing turnover.
Categories for Reduction Strategies:
TRANSPORTATION
As seen by the GHG inventory, FDR’s biggest sources of emissions come from Scope 3 activities: Student
& faculty commuting. While not reported in this inventory due to lack of data and time, School funded
air-travelling presents the biggest challenge for an overseas American School and may not be a category
easily influenced by greenhouse gas reduction efforts.
Recruiting trips, Professional Faculty
Development, Arrival of New faculty, Faculty Home leave and Student sport & conference events travel
most likely represent the biggest source of scope 3 emissions and should be included in next year’s
inventory plan.
Student & Faculty commuting should be addressed in different ways and the school’s visionary board of
directors has already decided on the purchase of new & more efficient fleet vehicles. Out of the 20
diesel fueled buses, the school will replace 9 with Natural Gas with plans to replace the entire fleet in
the future. These new buses could represent a greater incentive for the remainder 50% of the student
population that does not use FDR’s bus transportation system. Lima’s traffic woes have increased
consecutively with the addition of 100 thousand new cars every year (Municipalidad de Lima) and thus
it’s very likely the traffic will continue to deteriorate giving the school not only a great business
opportunity but also reducing it’s Fuel Fleet emissions significantly.
In 2012 the school used 18,653 gallons of Diesel ($ 88,677) for its 20 buses and/or the equivalent of 205
MtCo2e (Clean AIr Cool Planet, 2013). While taking in consideration Natural Gas is not a renewable
energy source and it does emit emissions, natural gas has minimal environmental impact compared with
the rest of the fossil fuels and whose use will contribute to reducing the emission of greenhouse gases
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FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 13
Final ENVR -116 Project
while newer & cleaner technology is present in Peru. Compressed Natural Gas has an Emission Factor of
14 Kg c /MMBTU or almost 30% less than of Diesel (20.17 Kg C /MMBtu) thus reducing its emissions by
the same factor in a year’s worth or 62 MtCo2e. (Climate Registry, 2013)
-POOL HEATING SYSTEM
The high school students of Colegio Roosevelt have a project of installing a solar water heating system,
to replace the current gas heating system of the semi-Olympic swimming school, as part of an
environmental project. The project seeks to use solar water heaters to reduce gas consumption (LPG),
and reduce operating costs. According to the Ministry of Energy and Mines, Solar Atlas (Minem ) Lima
has an annual average solar radiation of 5.5 - 6 kWh/m2 three times as much as leading solar energy
countries like Germany making solar energy a viable choice. Because the pool’s operation hours start
early in the morning, the system cannot fully depend on 100% solar heating. Within these parameters,
it was estimated that 15 solar heating modules would be necessary to see significant reductions.
-Annual savings in kg of LPG by each 18-tube solar heater module is 1,890 kg
-Gallon LPG weighs 1.92 kg
Table 6
FDR
Annual
POOL
LPG
Year
Gallons
US $
2012
14,520
39, 215
Yearly
Estimated LPG
Estimated
Expense Gallons Saved
12 Module
Solar heater
W/ 12 Solar
US dollars/Soles
Modules
saved
$ 26,933 US /
70,295 soles
$ 8966 US
Approx. 81%
Approx. 69%
Plus 20%
yearly savings
yearly savings
installation cost
11,813 gallons
Cost
CO2
ROI
Emissions
Return of
Investment
2244
Saved
74
MTC02
4-5 months!
As you can see by the above calculation, the annual savings of gallons of LPG would be around 81%,
approximately $26, 933 in cost savings and/or 74 MtCO2e (Clean AIr Cool Planet, 2013) saved annually.
STUDENT/FACULTY COMMUTING
Student & faculty commuting patterns emitted approximately 999 MtCO2e in 2012 or 63% of the
school’s total emissions. Out of 1500 students, approximately 581 travelled by single car.
Out of 190 faculties, approximately 108 (57%) also travelled by car (Survey Monkey).
Figure 1.9
5 out of 10
FDR Faculty travel
to school by car
Colegio Roosevelt could incentivize faculty and students utilize its bus transportation service promoting
it as an affordable & environmentally commuting alternative with the arrival of their new CNG buses.
FDR must also add new additional fuel-efficient buses to the fleet and decrease travelling time.
Currently, faculty is exempt from paying this service but the service is not being fully utilized due to the
lack of time efficient routes. In addition, FDR must implement an educational campaign to the parent
community motivating the use of mass transportation and school car-pool alternatives. A reduction goal
of 25% in the next 3 years would decrease its annual emissions by 250MtCo2e.
ELECTRICITY
Colegio Roosevelt’s electricity bills have been on the rise the past 4 years and emitted over 290 MtCO2e
in 2012. EPA’s Energy Star claims energy efficient K-12 buildings cost 40 cents less per Sq.ft. to operate
than the average performers (EPA). Because most of FDR’s buildings date back over 35 years, a lighting
& bathroom appliances retrofit would be recommended. Additionally, the school is getting ready to
develop a new Master Plan for the next 10-15 years and there has been talks about renovating the
entire school facilities where needed. A student think-tank led by the school’s superintendent and
myself during Earth Day activities this past April, compiled a sustainability wish-list from middle and
secondary school students based on how they wanted to see their school in the future. The center for
Green Schools, a USGBC organization, has been contacted to help the school formulate a sustainable
Master Plan and try to pursuit LEED certification. A lighting retrofit on average produces cost savings of
30-40% in electricity according to LEED and that could represent 101 MtCO2e emissions less annually for
the school. In the long term, the school wishes to pursuit energy neutrality and self-sufficiency by
generating solar energy utilizing Peru’s great radiation of 5.5 - 6 kWh/m2 as already mentioned and will
be evaluated in the making of the new master plan.
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FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 15
Final ENVR -116 Project
CONCLUSION: The business Case of Sustainability!
If energy prices continue to rise dramatically due to increased demand and constrained supply,
What steps do businesses & organizations need to take to prepare for a potentially disruptive energy
future? Energy prices and water supply demands are bound to continuously increase and thus as
visionary leaders of our community, Colegio Roosevelt must prepare to mitigate, plan & adapt to those
risks. If we add all the emissions savings forecasted in the above categories a 30.6% reduction could be
achieved: 62 MtCo2e + 75 MtCO2e + 250MtCo2e + 101 MtCO2e = 488 MtCO2e divided by 2012
Emissions (1591 MtCO2e) = 30.6%. As already mentioned as another benefit of sustainability, retaining
faculty can also reduce recruiting trips expenses, arrival/departure airfares and development trainings
while reducing the school’s carbon footprint.
While a 30% absolute reduction seems very achievable in a reasonable short amount of time, the school
should also set intensity targets by students and by square footage to prepare for further campus
growth. Currently, FDR emits:
 1 TON of Carbon/student per year. A TON of carbon is a very significant amount for a student
population of 1500 students and we must do a better job at reducing it and/or,
 52. 8 MtCO2 per Sq. feet
Figure 2.1
Lastly, as the new master plan becomes a reality, investing in sustainability makes good business sense
now and so much more in the future. Bob Willard’s business case of Sustainability claims on average, an
organization could improve its profit by at least 51% within 3-5 years, while avoiding a potential 16% to
36% erosion of profits if it did nothing (Willard). These savings can come from reduced energy prices,
reduced purchased materials, reduced attrition expenses and improved employee productivity just to
name a few. While tangible all those benefits may be, the intangibles can make a stronger case. Our
school’s overall well-being should be a new way of measuring progress just like improving performance
and attracting talent and Sustainability brings all that in to place. Net Impact’s Talent Report: What
Workers Want in 2012 revealed that employees who say they have the opportunity to make a direct
social and environmental impact through their job, report higher satisfaction levels than those who
don’t by a 2:1 ratio. Additionally, It is believed that the majority of people work without feeling their
work contributes to a worthy, long-term purpose or that their values are not aligned with of their
employers. Working in a school were students are prepared to face their future does have a sense of
meaning and purpose but, what kind of future will they inherit if our actions don’t reflect our beliefs?
The info-graphic below shows that 58% of recent student graduates are willing to take a pay cut in order
to work in an organization that shares their values, because they are looking for jobs that are both
interesting and valuable to society. This resonates and relates to What Our Students Want from our
Earth Day-Think Tank activities. We learned they want an energy independent - zero waste – paperless water efficient school that makes them proud and reflects their priorities. They want Colegio Roosevelt
to be the leader on Sustainable Education and become the Greenest school in Latin America,
That’s What Our Students Want!
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FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 17
Final ENVR -116 Project
Figure 2.2
APENDIXES
Appendix A- Student Mode of Transport
Appendix B – Student Commute Survey Results
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FDR’s GHG inventory & Reduction Plan 19
Final ENVR -116 Project
Appendix C- Faculty Survey Results
Appendix D – Faculty Mode of transport Results
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