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New for 2015/2016
Created by Mr Albans
Grammatical Terms Content
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Noun/ Noun Phrase
Verb/ Modal Verb
Adjective
Conjunction
Pronoun
Possessive Pronoun
Relative Pronoun
Adverb
Adverbial Phrases
Relative Clauses
Preposition
Determiner
Subject and Object
Suffix
Prefix
Contractions
Synonym
Antonym
Subjunctive
Word Family
Active and Passive voice
Subordinating Conjunction
Types of nouns
• Common noun – object
• Proper noun – a unique person or place
• Abstract noun – concept, idea, quality, feeling or trait
• Dylan received a certificate for bravery because he rescued
a dog from a raging fire.
• It took a lot of dedication for Hannah to raise all of the
money for the local charity.
• I’m hoping for some time for relaxation after I get home
from school.
Abstract noun activity
• Label the locations in a haunted school, using abstract
nouns and following the pattern.
• The (Place) of (abstract noun)
For Example
• The corridor of despair
• The hallway, the playground, the staffroom, the library, the
kitchen, the classroom.
• Now add an adjective (Describing Word)
• The corridor of infinite despair
Linking Verbs
• Linking verbs do not describe actions but link the subject to
information in the predicate following the verb.
• The most common of these are the verbs to be and to have.
Present
To be: am are is
To have: have has
Past
was were
had
Others linking verbs include:
believe feel hate like love know need prefer see want
Auxiliary Verb
Come before the main verb to form a verb
Progressive
am are is was were
walking
Perfect
has had have
walked
Modal
Can could may might will
would shall should must
walk
Pronouns
• Personal
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I we you he she it they me us you
then
Possessive mine ours yours his hers its theirs
Reflexive myself yourself himself itself
ourselves yourselves themselves
Demonstrative this that these those
Indefinite another any anybody anything both
each either enough everybody
everyone everything nobody none
nothing one other(s) several some
somebody someone something
Determiner/Pronoun
Determiners describe nouns
• Mary had drunk enough wine
• Her stomach heaved
Pronouns replace nouns
• Mary had drunk enough.
• Wine never agreed with her.
Determiner/Pronoun activity
Find the determiners and the pronouns from the
short piece of writing below.
The little man could only stare. He hadn’t dreamed
of the BIGNESS of the sea. He hadn’t dreamed of
the blueness of it. He hadn’t thought it would roll
like kettledrums, and swish itself onto the beach.
He opened his mouth and the drift and the dream
of it, the weave of the wave of it, the fume and the
foam of it never left him again. At his feet the sea
stroked the sand with soft little paws.
Adverbial
Adverbial phrases typically describe when,
where or how an action is performed.
They often (but not always) begin with a
preposition and end with a noun.
Jim skipped through the crowded tube station
on Monday morning without a care in the world.
Subjunctives
The rule:
In a subordinate clause beginning with if use were instead
of was.
• I was a superhero
• If I were a superhero I’d wear my pants outside my
trousers.
• Jim was about to fulfil his wildest dreams
• If Jim were about to fulfil his wildest dreams, he’d just
shrug.
Subject (Person) and object
Vocabulary Content
• Synonym
• Antonym
• Prefix (Before the word) – un-dis-de-mis-overre-super-anti-auto
• Suffix (After the word) – ment-ness-ful-less-lyer-ate-ise-ify
Noun Phrases
• Identify the noun phrases in the sentences
below.
• A huge ram with handlebar horns charged
across the field of wet grass towards two
ramblers as they frantically scrambled over an
old wooden fence
Progressive Tense
• The verb to be can be placed before a main verb to describe actions in
progress.
• Simple Present tense
• Monsters eat children
• Progressive present tense
• Monsters are eating children
• Simple past tense
• The dog barked
• Progressive past tense
• The dog was barking
Modal Verb
Can could may might must shall should will
should
You ………… go to the ball.
How does each modal verb change the meaning
of the sentence?
Active/Passive voice
If you can put the phrases by zombies at the end of the
clause, the sentence is very likely in the passive voice.
Try these below
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A bat flew across the silvery moon.
Penicillin was discovered in 1928.
My poem about cheese mites has been published.
John’s false teeth went missing
The cake was smothered in chocolate.
Bananas are imported to Malaysia
Question tag
• Question tags are formed from opposing verb pairs
Grimsby fish docks really are beautiful, aren’t they.
You shouldn’t have eaten that cactus, should you?
I never (do) win at Peruvian space chess, do I?
The question tag is separated from the sentence with a
comma
Exclamation
For the purpose of the test, an exclamation is required to
start with either what or how:
What a lovely day!
What a terrible idea!
How exciting!
How awful!
A sentence that end in an exclamation mark but which
does not have one of these patterns is not considered to
be creditworthy as an exclamation.
Relative Clause
Start with: who, which, where, when, whose, that (Omitted Pronoun)
The fearsome dragon….
That slayed the brave but foolish knight
Who had vowed to rescue the fair maiden
Who was trapped in the tall stone tower.
That belonged to the wicked queen
Who gazed all day in her magic mirror
Who stood upon a mahogany dresser
That was crafted by a skilled carpenter
Who lived in the village
Which nestled in the bend of a swift river
Who caught a silver-finned fish
That was stolen by a hungry cat
That chased the big fat rat
That feasted upon ripe golden cherries
That sat upon the old wooden table
That stood in the house Jack built
Which clause is in bold in the sentences below?
Main or subordinate?
The car, which was old and battered, raced to the
finish line.
The test was easy because it only had two
questions.
Although it was raining, we still went out to play.
While the birds were singing I hid under my
pillow.
Other Clauses
A clause must contain a verb
A subordinate clause modifies the main clause and cannot function
independently
Adverbial Clause
When they went to the park, the children played on the swings.
Relative Clause
The children played on the swings, which were in the park.
Non-Finite clause
The children, laughing loudly, played on the swings.
Preposition/Conjunction
A few words can be both a preposition and a conjunction
After before since until
A conjunction heads up a clause so a verb will follow it
After the match finished
Before I have breakfast
Since Jim arrived at work
Until dawn broke
A preposition heads up a phrase so no verb will need to follow.
After dinner
Before the end of the film
Since this morning
Until late that day
Conjunction
Coordinating and so but or yet
Joins words, phrases and clauses
Goes between the things they join.
Subordinating after although as because before if
once since unless until when whenever whereas
while
Join clauses
Goes before or between the things they join
Conjunction Types
Two checks…..
If there’s not a whole sentence either side it’s coordinating
If the following clause can move, it’s subordinating
Examples Below
I like ice-skating and roller skating.
James likes roller-skating but he has never tried ice-skating
James will go roller-skating if I go with him.
The use of commas
• Commas change the meaning of relative clauses
• Monsters that have sharp teeth eat children
• Some of the group
• Monsters, which have two legs, run quickly
• All of the group
• The monster who was covered in spots hid under the bed
• One of the group
Alfonso, who is covered in spikes, hid under the bed.
All of the group (there’s only one Alfonso)
Word Family
Work out the meanings of these roots from the
words provided
spect
dict
clude
tract
verse
nym
cept
inspect spectacle spectate
dictionary predict dictate
conclude secluded Include
subtract attract tractor
Converse Inverse Reverse
Synonym Anonymous Pseudonym
Intercept Accept Concept
Pick the correct word or words from
the options for each sentence below:
1. The window was broke / broken / broked / breaked by the ball.
2. Mandy writ / wrote / witten / has wrote a letter.
3. Benjie has eaten / eated / ate / eaten a large cucumber.
Use I or me for each sentence below:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
I wanted Dad to watch ________ in the football match.
He walked to school with Danny and ____ .
My teacher told Terry and ____ to collect the books.
Eddie came to school with Jim and _____ .
Ben and ____ are going to the cinema tomorrow.
are is
has have
Use the correct word for each
sentence below:
1. Benny and James ___________ gone outside.
2. The dogs ___________ sitting by the fire.
3. Sammy ____________ remembered his homework.
4. My football coach __________ teaching me how to
dribble.
5. Elephants ______ wonderful animals.
6. I love my bags. They _____________ beautiful.
7. School uniform __________ better than mufty.
8. He _____ gone away on holiday.
Which of the words below need a
capital letter?
billy came to our school today from canada. he
wants to learn french.
we enjoyed visiting prince rock primary school
on wednesday.
all the english supporters waved their flags when
england scored a goal.
Look at the underlined words. Which are
nouns and which are adjectives?
I thought the play was boring but James said
he was excited when he listened to the
songs.
Carefully I opened the box. Inside I found a
red hat and a blue coat.
Yesterday I bought: a new pencil; 15
handmade cookies; a selection of pens and a
large grapefruit.
Select the correct plural for each sentence.
1. The child / children / childs are playing on the field.
2. Women / woman / womens / womans are welcome to
use the upstairs toilet.
3. Sheeps / sheep look nice and warm with their thick coats.
4. I like to watch the fishes / fish / fishs at the aquarium.
5. My foots / feets / feet ache today.
6. The mouses / mice / mices enjoyed the cheese.
Which of these sentences use the correct plural?
a.
b.
c.
The childs are eating lots of cake.
Gentleman usually wear trousers or shorts.
The children enjoyed watching the play.
Copy and complete the table of irregular plurals.
(the first one has been done for you)
One
table
Many
tables
windows
fish
sheep
children
woman
goose
tooth
men
women
Can you think of any other irregular plurals?
Write the correct contraction to replace the
underlined words.
I can not eat that cake, it is too big!
He will not go outside because he is afraid.
I will try my best but I can not promise to get it
right.
Do not shout at me or I will send you to your
room.
You are annoying me today.
Find the article in the sentences below.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
We went to the park.
We sat on the table.
He rode a bike.
Walking along the beach is fun.
We bought an orange.
Choose the correct article.
1. He sat on a / an coach.
2. He ate an / a apple.
3. She cut up a / an onion.