Future Challenges for Australia – Population
1. The growth of Australia’s population
Text Book, pages 304 – 305.
Define the terms:
migration:
the permanent or semi-permanent movement of people from one
location to another
the counting of a population with details of age, sex, jobs and
other relevant information
census:
natural increase:
the excess of births over deaths, usually expressed as a
percentage
net overseas migration: the number of people migrating to live in a country minus the
number of people emigrating from the country to live in other countries. Net overseas
migration is expressed as a percentage of the total population.
Complete Activities, page 253, questions 1 – 5; 9 -10.
2. We're getting older
Text Book, pages 304 – 305.
Define the term:
life expectancy:
the average number of years a person can be expected to live;
affected by nutrition, occupation, heredity and other factors
Complete Activities, page 307, questions 1 – 8.
3. Migration Policies
Text Book, pages 308 – 309.
Define the terms:
immigration:
the movement of people into a country
emigration:
the movement of people out of a country
refugees:
a person who, owing to religious persecution or political troubles,
seeks shelter or protection in a foreign country
visas:
period of time
a permit that allows the holder to enter a country for a specified
detention centres:
camp established to hold asylum seekers until their applications to
stay in Australia are processed
asylum seekers:
refugees who seek official shelter or protection in a foreign
country under international law
excise:
to cut out or exclude an area of land
Complete Activities, page 309, questions 1 – 7.
Why is Australia multicultural?
Text Book, pages 310 – 311.
Define the term:
immigration:
the movement of people into a country
Complete Activities, page 311, questions 2 – 3; 5 – 6..
4. Where do Australians live?
Text Book, pages 312 – 313.
Define the term:
population density:
the number of people living in a given area Ð usually a square
kilometer
Complete Activities, page 313, questions 1 – 5.
Describe the population distribution in Australia.
Along the coastline, with very few people living in the centre of the continent.
Describe the population distribution of ATSI peoples in Australia.
Aboriginal
5. Where will we live?
Text Book, pages 314 – 317.
Define the terms:
suburbanisation:
towns and cities
the growth of residential districts near to or on the outskirts of
urban consolidation:
promotes an increase in medium- and high-density housing in
suburbs that already contain infrastructure
rural-urban migration: a trend that sees increasing numbers of a country'speople moving
from rural areas to cities in search of employment and services
interstate migration:
the movement of people from one state of Australia to another
internal migration:
the movement of people from another country to Australia
Complete Activities, page 316, questions 1 – 7.
Ecological Sustainability
Text Book, pages 318 – 321.
Define the terms:
ecological footprint:
measures the dependence an individual or region has on natural
resources; for example, how much land and water is needed to supply energy, build roads
and buildings, grow food, dispose of waste and grow forests for wood and paper
urbanisation:
the process by which the proportion of a country's population in
urban areas increases
Complete Activities, page 321, questions 1 – 2.
1. List 5 ways waste can be reduced.
· reducing packaging· using more energy-efficient equipment· reusing products and
recycling materials· increasing the fines and charges associated with dumping waste·
educating citizens in more efficient ways of reducing waste.
2. List 5 goals of Water Plan 21.
· Clean, safe drinking water· sustainable water supplies· clean beaches, oceans, rivers
and harbors· wise resource use· smart growth.
3. List 6 reasons for the reduced demand for water in Sydney.
· reduced demands from industry· changes in the housing mix (greater number of
units)· the introduction of user-pays pricing· water restrictions· water-saving
products such as dual-flush toilets, water-efficient shower heads and washing
machines· reduced leakages in the pipe system.
6. Population movement and urban planning
Text Book, pages 322 – 325.
Define the term:
liveability:
quality of life in an urban area, includes employment opportunities,
health and recreation services, housing, education and community facilities, entertainment,
a sense of community and the opportunity to develop social activities and relationships
Complete Activities, page 321, questions 1 – 4; 7 – 8; 10 – 11; 16.
1. List the factors that contribute to low degrees of liveability.
the need to travel long distances along busy roads to reach workplaces· limited health
and recreational facilities· only one type of housing - usually low density· a lack of
variety in age groups Ð new suburbs are typically full of families with young children·
few community facilities or places where people can meet regularly, get to know each
other and develop a sense of community. The concept of the urban village is designed
to
2. Describe the features of an urban village.
a mixture of land uses· been designed to be energy efficient· commercial and
recreational uses, encouraging people to use the resources of the village rather than
go to other areas for activities such as shopping· people of different age groups· an
emphasis on the use of public transport· pedestrian-friendly traffic systems and bike
paths· attractive places for people to meet.