TO: Beth Dobkin, Provost FROM: Hisham Ahmed, Chair Academic Senate DATE: October 8, 2015 RE: Senate Action S-15/16-6CA TRS 135 Christian Liturgy and Sacrament New Permanent Course Proposal At the October 7, 2015 meeting of the Academic Senate, the attached proposal for permanent approval of TRS 135 Christian Liturgy and Sacrament was approved on the Consent Agenda. The proposal was unanimously approved by the Undergraduate Educational Policies Committee at their September 28, 2015 meeting. This action was assigned Senate Action #S-15/16-6CA. Attachment cc: President James A. Donahue Vice Provost Richard Carp Dean Sheila Hassell Hughes Proposal for Permanent Status for TRS 135 1. SOLA – TRS 135, Christian Liturgy and Sacrament a. Upper division for reasons: i. a) Prerequisite: TRS 97 or 189 (lower- and upper-division versions of The Bible & Its Interpretation, respectively) ii. b) Builds on biblical skills and knowledge of prerequisite, with focused topic iii. c) Reading is advanced, often theoretical, and handles mature themes iv. d) Seminar format requires students to process advanced reading independently before discussing 2. Justification a. Grounds – This course deals with the essential elements of Christian worship, both theoretically and historically, seeking to give them a critical understanding of its major themes and developments. b. Objectives – At the end of this course, students will be able to: i. Summarize the early influences on and major development of ancient Christian liturgy, especially its Jewish origins and its development during persecution. ii. Review the critical aspects of a Catholic theology of liturgy and sacrament as they contrast with other Christian traditions. iii. Compare and assess the shift away from ancient liturgy during the Protestant Reformation with Catholic liturgy, and similarly compare and assess reforms to liturgy in the contemporary Catholic Church. iv. Articulate the importance of symbol and anamnesis (memory) in Christian worship, both in ancient Christianity and in modern scholarly studies of Christian notions of ritual. c. Relation of objectives to Department, School, or College goals – d. In TRS 135, I teach the Core Curriculum outcome for theological understanding #1 (i.e., understanding of Christian tradition) and I teach outcome #2 (i.e., “Demonstrate an ability to explore religious questions from a believer's point of reference and from the critical perspective of the academy"). In this context, the “subfield” of theology in question is often called “systematic” or “philosophical” theology, which both examines theologies of the past and considers present concerns in order to articulate theology in a logical/philosophical manner. Philosophically, notions of symbol and memory have been key in the Christian development of its own selfunderstanding, as well as in scholarly critiques of Christian worship. e. The course also addresses College goals regarding the Catholic mission of the College. i. Assignments used to evaluate performance – Students are evaluated in four primary ways: ii. Exams that include short essays as well as vocabulary questions. iii. Quizzes iv. A historical paper. v. A final interpretive/reflection paper. f. Pass / fail allowed? – yes 3. Student Population – This course will meet the Theological Explorations goal of the Core Curriculum. It is open to all students who have completed the prerequisite: either TRS 97 or 189. As such, the majority of students in this course will be taking it to fulfill a core requirement. There will also be a minority of students taking the course to fulfill an elective within the TRS major or minor. 4. Relationship to present College curriculum – This course is an elective in the TRS department, to be offered every 2-3 years. It will become part of a cycle of upper-division courses in Scripture. There are enough offerings in TRS each year where there is no real issue of displacement. 5. Any extraordinary implementation costs – The course uses normal classroom space and has no special costs associated. 6. Library resources – See attached. 7. Course credit and grading options a. Value – 1.0 unit b. Hours in class – 190 minutes / week x 13 weeks c. Preparation hours – 380 minutes / week x 13 weeks d. Format – discussion 8. Prerequisites – TRS 97 or 189 9. Course description (catalog) – This course explores the Christian understanding of ritual and worship. Students will have an opportunity to enter into this long conversation by exploring the practice of Christian worship from its ancient roots in Judaism to the present age and by examining the theological explanations given for the nature of that worship over time. Controversies in early and Medieval/Reformation Christianity will help frame a discussion over the role of the liturgy in our current context. 10. Course content – Syllabus attached. 11. Review of experimental offering – The course was offered once (fall 2014) as experimental. The readings and assignments were appropriate for the material and the course level. Pedagogically, it became clear in the semester that the pure Seminar format needs to be supplemented with short lectures by the instructor, as the material in the reading needs commentary. Those will be instituted in the next offering. Fall 2013 TRS 135 T/Th 11:30-1:05PM Instructor: Dr. Anne M. Carpenter E-Mail: ac42@stmarys-ca.edu Christian Liturgy and Sacrament Overview Materials This course is dedicated to exploring the history thought of Christian liturgy and sacrament. Within that history asand a part of Christian reflection on worship, we will the meaning ofand symbols in the and the present. Howit do we explore express ourselves, how we come topast know God, and what would mean to worship God with onedoanother? Alexander Schmemann, Introduction to the Liturgy Romano Guardini, Spirit of the Liturgy Robert Sokolowski, Eucharistic Presence William Cavanaugh, Being Consumed Requirements This class consists in a mixture of lecture, class discussion, and online discussion. Before every class, I will post questions online. Be prepared to respond towill the questions inin a discussion small and share them with the class. responses be included examsgroup and quizzes, so be sure to take notes.These Milestones Evaluation Your grade will consist in the following: (1) Attendance (2) Participation (3) Exams (4) Essay Special thanks to my colleague, Dr. Tom Poundstone, who helped me to shape my syllabus. Christian Liturgy and Sacrament 1 Department Learning Outcomes 1. 2. 3. Demonstrate an understanding of the Christian theological tradition through an exploration of specific topics in theology; Demonstrate an ability to employ contemporary theories and methods of theology in analyzing religious beliefs, texts, and/or practices; Demonstrate an ability to explain, analyze, and evaluate multiple informed perspectives in debates about theological issues; Theological Explorations Learning Outcomes 4. 5. Demonstrate an understanding of onestudy or morea aspects ofof Christian tradition and/or another religious tradition or traditions, acquired through focused sub-field religious studies; and Demonstrate ability to explore religious in questions from atheology believeror s point of reference and from the critical perspective ofan the academy. Course Learning Outcomes By the end of this course, students will be able to… 1. Summarize the earlyearly influences on and major development of ancient Christian liturgy, especially its Jewish origins and its development during Christianity. 2. Review the critical aspects of a Catholic theology of liturgy and sacrament as they contrast with other Christian traditions. 3. Compare and assess shiftreforms away from ancient liturgy during theCatholic Protestant Reformation with Catholic liturgy, and similarly compare andthe assess to liturgy in the contemporary Church. 4. Articulate the importance of symbol and anamnesis (memory) in Christian worship, both in ancient Christianity and in modern scholarly studies of Christian notions of ritual. Accommodations Reasonable and appropriate accommodations forencouraged individualsto with qualifying disabilities are extended office of Student Disability Students with disabilities are contact theand Student Disability Services through at (925)the 631-4358 to set up aServices. confidential appointment to discuss accommodation guidelines available services. Additional information regarding the services available may be found - See more at: http://www.stmarys-ca.edu/node/3342 Attendance Daily attendance and engaged class participation are necessary for learning in this class. Attendance will for be determined first few minutes of class. If yoube arrive check meAs after class to make sure I’ve marked you present at least part in of the the class. If you miss class entirely, sure late, to send me with a note. for what you missed, always check with your classmates. Beginning with the fourth absence, one third-of a letter grade will be deducted from your final grade from the class, i.e., an “A-“ will be lowered to areason “B+,” –a will “B” to a “B-,” etc. An additional third will be taken off for theoffifth absence. Any more than fiveand absences – for any result in automatic failure for the semester regardless academic performance on tests papers. (These deductions are automatic and only taken yourguidelines grade for the is calculated.) If you need to miss this many classes for medical reasons, you should consult theafter college’s for semester medical withdrawal. If, the other hand, you achieve perfect attendance, your participation score will be boosted by a third of its total at the end of theon semester. Christian Liturgy and Sacrament 2 Participation Class participation will be based on your involvement inIfclassroom discussion, and your completion of small assignments designed classroom (see below). you achieve perfect attendance, your participation score will be boosted by a thirdto offacilitate its total at the end ofdiscussion the semester. Online Discussions and Assignments The online portions of the course will be facilitate run partly through Moodle and partlyand through Lore, a simpler version of Moodle. This will help boost yourtechnology participation discussion intothe classroom, letFour you start about your larger writing assignments. Ibasis) love andscore, culture, andboards I always want learn more about it. timesthinking in the semester, require you (on rotating to post discussion onbe Lore. What you will post is the following: thatI will isinmeaningful you athat you think relates toon theour class, and why. It could a favorite book, movie, song; it couldand besomething about someone youritlife; itto could be something from another class that has you thinking. Include a link and/or a summary, explain how you think is related to our discussions in the class. Every week as part of participation, you will be required to respond to someone else’s post (no hurtful speech) to show that you have been reading. A grading rubric for these mini assignments is online. Exams There will be two and exams in this course, a midterm and ayou final. Each examawill consist in afor setyour of objective (True/False, Fill-In, Matching) short essays. Before every exam, will be review sheet studying.questions We will also setIfaside a day ask of class to reviewItogether. It is your responsibility toAll study thegiven sheet and come up with questions/concerns about it. you do not the question, willconcepts not comment about the topic. exams will take place online through Moodle. The exams are not cumulative, though some will directly relate to what we learned earlier in the semester. Because of the amount of work that will us inwill creating ouritcourse website below), these exams willtime not be long asto typical midterms and finals. This does not occupy mean they be easy; does mean you (see are expected to have enough to as dedicate the website. Central Assignment: Two-Part Essay For thisone class, you willsemester: complete the a long essay as of your(completed) final grade. We willTHIS break downAthe essayEach into essay two parts, each due during part of the first andpart thefirst whole essay. IS NOT will in full you willwill get one chance to half, rewrite the half if you or arecontroversy, not satisfied with yourDRAFT. grade).development/controversy. The first half ofbe thegraded essay will be(though historical: choose an era of liturgical development or a sacrament’s The be goal heremodern is toyou summarize the past using scholarly literature to give anthe accurate sense of history. The second half of thetheme essay will more and theoretical, and it will allow you to interact with ideas with your own voice. Taking the same of the first half (the development, controversy, sacrament), you will use a modern theologian to comment on it and interpret it. The goal here is toI will reveal yourgive ability think and each assignment, always youtoa critically rubric and guide to evaluate help you.the theological content of the liturgy and the sacraments. For Classroom Rules The cardinal rulefor is simple: respect. Iprocess, don’t mean respect for myself. If IThis don’tcalls earnfor it,aI fundamental don’t deservesensitivity it. What I mean is respect for your classmates, the educational and for environment the environment. and a basic respect for politeness and each civility, crucial to an without offending other. Herecomponents are a few tangible examples: which will allow us to have robust and challenging discussions - situation Don’t pack up early. Letthat me state thisremind simplyyou but about directly: where I think I should it. it is rude. This rule matters greatly to me. Please don’t create a - No food in the classroom. You may bring a drink, and make sure to clean up when you are leaving the classroom. - Show up on time. - Be prepared for the class. Christian Liturgy and Sacrament 3 No Cell Phones, Laptops, iPads, and Other Electronic Devices Since cell phones and electronic devices not directly related togranted. classroom learning are turn distracting to everyone, theythem are not to be used during classother sessions unless explicit permission hasa been Period. Please off cell phones andthese put away rather than leave them on thefind desk. I never wantIfto see cell aphone during Never. Ifpermission, you can’t live with restrictions, me try to you another class. you use inclass. class without I will send you a warning notelet via email. Ifhelp it happens again, I’ll simply send ado note to cell the phone Registrar asking them to drop you from the class. Assignment Weights Participation/Attendance (+ quizzes) 200 points (20%) Exams (2) …Exam 1 …Exam 2 Essays (2) …Essay 1 A Grading Scale …Essay 2 ATOTAL B+ B 400 (40%) …150 …250 400 (40%) 100-93% 92-90 89-87 86-83 …180 B…220 C+ C1000 C- 82-80 79-77 76-73 72-70 D+ D DF 69-67 66-63 62-60 59-0 09.03 Assignment/Reading ListIntroduction/Syllabus 09.05 Human Meaning, (Sushi?!) and Ritual Schmemann, “The Task and Method of Liturgical Theology” Vatican II, “Sacrosanctum Concilium” Schmemann, Problem the Ordo” Guardini, “The“The Prayer of theof Liturgy” 09.10 Schmemann, Centuries” “The Problem of the Origin of the Ordo: The First Guardini, “The Prayer of the Liturgy” (cont’d) 09.12 Sokolowski, Time of the Eucharist” Mk 14:22-26;“The Lk 22:14-23, 1 Cor 11:23-34 09.17 09.19 Guardini, “The Fellowship of the Liturgy” 09.24 Library Visit Early Liturgy, Early Roman Liturgy 09.26 Justin Martyr, Didache, Augustine (online handout) Schmemann, “Byza ntine Synthesis” (Part I) Handout: early monasticism and prayer Guardini, “Playfulness of the Liturgy,” “Seriousness of the Liturgy.” 10.1 Schmemann, “Byzantine Synthesis” (Part II) Handout: Early monasticism and prayer 10.3 10.8** Christian Liturgy and Sacrament Exam 1: Early Liturgy and Basics of Liturgical Theology 4 Monastic Liturgy in theinWest Psalm 1, Psalm 119 Sokolowski, “Identity Appearances,” “The One Sacrifice in Christ” Handout: Liturgy of the Hours 10.10 Monastic Rule Liturgy in the West Handout: of Benedict Jean Leclercq, “Lectio” (article) 10.15 10.17 10.22** 10.24 10.29 Thomas Aquinas Intro Thomas Aquinas, SummaPerspectives” , Tertia Pars, 60-63 Sokolowski, “Eucharistic NO CLASS – FIRST PAPER DUE MIDTERM BREAK The Sacraments and the Reformation Martin Luther, Luther, Treatise Little Catechism Eucharist and Baptism Martin on Good,Works (Readings online) The Sacraments and on the Council Trent, Decree on Reformation Justification Council of Decree the Sacraments Council ofofTrent, Trent, Decree Concerning the Eucharist (Readings online) 10.31 The Sacraments and the Reformation (summary/handout) Short Assignment Due 11.5 The Eucharist JohnSacraments: 6; Mk 15:22-16:8 Lutheran-Roman Catholic Ecumenical Dialogue, “Eucharist” 11.7 The and Confirmation 1 CorSacraments: 10,Aquinas, Mark 1,Baptism Mt 28:19; Acts 9:1-17 Thomas Summa , Tertia Pars, 66-69; 72 11.12 Martin Luther on Baptism The Sacraments: Penance Anointing Lk 10:25-37, 15:11-32; Mkand 2:1-12 11.14 Sokolowski, “The Place of Choice in the World” The Gen Sacraments: 15:17-24; PsHoly 110;Orders Heb Ordinis” 5, 7 Vatican II, “Presbyterorum 11.19 US Conference of Catholic Bishops, “Holy Orders” 11.21 The Sacraments: Matrimony Sokolowski, “The Christian Understanding Person” US Conference of “Pope Catholic “Matrimony” James Martin, SJ, onBishops, Gays: Who Am I of Tothe Judge?”, “Respect, Compassion, Sensitivity” Cavanaugh, Being Consumed, SECOND/FULL PAPER DUE Introduction, Chapters 1&2 11.26** 11.28 THANKSGIVING BREAK Cavanaugh, Being Consumed, 3&4 Guardini, “The Primacy of the Chapters Logos Over Ethos” 12.03 12.05 12.10** Final Exam Review Final Exam – 10:30AM-12:30PM Six Reflections on Grading First, though effort is noted, appreciated, and admired, grades are based on achievement, not effort. Christian Liturgy and Sacrament 5 Second, I am opposed to the idea of extra credit. Third, I viewto final grades like the statements aonparticular which CEO’s are required to sign. My signature aonhigher the grade sheetgrade is my certification thehe world that youfinancial havewould demonstrated of competency. To give or than she or has demonstrated beclass an act of fraud on level anyone who that might ever lookaatstudent that Aslower ahave result, therewhat are no courtesy Yourlevel. grade in this serves as my certification you understand thetranscript. material and demonstrated that at agrades. particular Fourth, I view the meaning of letter grades in their traditional sense: “A” reflects exceptional academic performance; “B” reflects very good performance; satisfactory deficient inacademic several areas; “F” does “C” notindicates merit academic credit.academic performance; “D” is marginal academic performance, Fifth, when I grade essay assignments, for example, I begin by presuming your grade is somewhere between a “B-” and“A+” a “C+”. To the extent it isevery abovepoint average, the grade it deserves the scale. I don’t begin presuming paper is an which then needsthat to have deduction accounted for. I climbs will always give you a rubric soby that you knowthe what above satisfactory © would look like, and what above average (B or A) work would look like. Sixth, strongly the Academic Honor Code. Sometimes it takes courage, butpride academic integrity is what is called for, period.IThat Learn tosupport face blank page, encourage your friends to dotrue the same. Take in your own words and your own work. is the best the method for trueand academic growth. The Honor Code As a Christian institution committed to theSaint care Mary’s and education of the whole person, Saint Mary’s has an to obligation embody and foster the values honesty and integrity. College expects member of its show andtoadhere to the Academic Honor of Code. According the and Code,honesty “Academic dishonesty isevery aof serious violation ofcommunity College because, among other things, it undermines the oftotrust between members the community.” For morepolicy information, please consult the Student Handbook atbonds http://www.stmarys-ca.edu/your-safety-resources/student-handbook. Didache - http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0714.htm Sacrosanctum Concilium - http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vatii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_en.html Apostolic Tradition Justin Martyr Christian Liturgy and Sacrament 6 Library Resources Review: Theology and Religious Studies 135--Christian Liturgy and Sacrament Martin J. Cohen, Librarian Subject Selector April, 2015 A brief sampling sampling of sources available in the Saint Mary’s College Library collections on subjects relevant to study in TRS 135--Christian Liturgy and Sacrament reveals that our collections are generally adequate for undergraduate study in this topic. Depending on the specific focus of a given course term, or the interests which particular students may want to pursue, students may need to supplement Library holdings and subscriptions by Link+ or other sources and should be encouraged to seek help from Reference librarians to find appropriate sources in the journal literature. Although we have some material on Liturgy and Sacrament, to properly support this course, the Library’s holdings in this area should be strengthened. Books (Numbers in parentheses following each subject category indicate how many titles are cataloged in the Saint Mary’s College Library collections) Liturgy (570) Sacrament (123) Catholic Church--Liturgy--History (20) Catholic Church--Liturgy--Manuals (3) Catholic Church--Liturgy--Theology (3) Catholic Church--Liturgy--Texts (17) Church Music--Catholic Church (18) Mass (Music) (4) Catholic Church--Hymns (18) Reference Works The New Westminster Dictionary of Liturgy and Sacrament New Catholic Encyclopedia Journals Liturgy Liturgical Arts Databases Catholic Periodical and Literature Index (a search on Christian liturgy yields 98 highly relevant journal articles) Documents of the Vatican II Council (a search on liturgy and sacrament yields over 5 thousand citations in English) Liturgy Media Video (9) Audio Music (58) Dear Zach and Kathy, I have circulated these to the SOLA chairs. No concerns or questions have been raised, and I am happy to support this proposal. Steve On 4/13/2015 9:23 AM, Zach Flanagin wrote: Dear Steve, Here is the info about the TRS courses going to the UEPC. o TRS 118 – Women and the Bible - T his course explores the current status of f eminist biblical interpr etation, focusing on the major f emalec haracters of the Old and N ew T est aments and on their modern feminist interpreters. We will use the tools of academic criticism(historical, literar y, rhetorical, et al.) in an attempt to understand the places, roles, and agency of w ome n in the biblical text, in theancient world that lies behind the text, and in the worlds f ormed on the belief that these biblical texts ar e sacred scripture. Prerequisite: TRS 97 or 189. o TRS 128 – The Trinity - T he heart of Christianit y, its strangest and most f ascinating set of beliefs, rests in the T rinit y. This courseexplores the Christian doctrine of God through its most significant controversies, both an cient and modern. Students will acquire amore thorough context f or the Christian understanding of God, as well as a more robust sense of this understanding as itcontinues in the present. P rereq uisite: TRS 97 or 189. o TRS 135 – Christian Liturgy and Sacrament - W ithou t a direct and living encounte r with God in pr a y e r , the Christian religion become s li ttle more than a collection of intellec t ua l propositions and dead ideals. But what doe s i t mea n to en counte r God in pr ay er? Christian s h a v e st r uggle d greatly with this questio n ov er the cours e of their histo r y. S t udent s will h a ve an oppor t uni t y toente r into this long co nv ersatio n by e xplori ng the practic e of Christian w orshi p from its ancien t roots in J u dais m to the presentag e and by e xaminin g the theologica l e xpla nations gi v en f o r the na t ur e of that w orshi p ov er time. Contr ov ersies in early andMedi ev al/ R e f ormatio n Christiani ty will hel p fram e a discussio n ov er the role of the li t urgy in our cu r rent c ont e xt . Prerequisite: TRS 97 or 189. o TRS 173 – The Virgin Mary - T his course examines the roots and rise of Christian, especially Catholic, devotion to the Virgin Mar y. Thought concerning Mary a s e xpressed in the writings of the Church Fathers as well as the growth of traditional popular Marianpiety will be addressed. Both d octrine (official teaching) as well as devotional practices (rosar y, s capular , etc.) and phenomenasuch as apparitions (Guadalupe, Lo urdes) will all be e xamined. Contemporary fiction and autobiograp hy are also included as evidence of the continuing relevance of t he Virgin Mary to modern life and living. P rerequisite: TRS 97 or 1 89. o TRS 189 – The Bible & Its Interpretation: Great Themes - Intended f or junior transfers (16.0+ entering credits), this cours e focuses on the Bible,the sacred scriptures of the Je wish and Ch ristian peoples, texts that have had a profound influence on religio n, art, politics, andcult ure for over t wo thousand years. This cour se will introduce students to the most important biblical texts and th emes, f ocusingespecially on the Torah and the Gospels, and will t each students to employ critical, scholarly tools f or reading and i nterpretation. Inaddition, each section of this course will focus on a special issue, theme, or question that appears in a diversity of biblical textsand that mo v es beyond the Bible to modern relevanc e or implications (e.g., justice, politics, liturgy, theodicy, art). Cocur ricularlectures are an integral part of this class. P rerequisite: None. May not be taken by students who have completed TRS 97. Zach Flanagin, Ph.D. Associate Professor and Chair Department of Theology & Religious Studies Saint Mary's College of California dflanagi@stmarys-ca.edu On Fri, Apr 10, 2015 at 3:44 PM, Steve Woolpert <woolpert@stmarys-ca.edu> wrote: Hi Zach, I think catalog descriptions and syllabi for these courses are sufficient for circulation to the SOLA chairs. Steve On 4/10/2015 12:58 PM, Zach Flanagin wrote: Hi Steve, I hope that you are looking forward to a nice weekend. I just wanted to give you a heads up that I heard (quite unexpectedly) this week from the chair of the UEPC that some of our TRS courses never finished the UEPC approval process--and thus still need to have their final review. (There was apparently some confusion on my part about what got approved when we revised our major last year.) I know that part of the process is for you to circulate information to the chairs for comment, and then for you to decide on your final approval. All the courses are solid (having been offered experimentally at least once) and thus should not present any major difficulties. What do you need from me? Do you want catalog descriptions? Syllabi? The full course proposals going to the UEPC? Here is the list of the courses that I need to complete the paperwork on: o o o o o TRS 118 – Women and the Bible TRS 128 – The Trinity TRS 135 – Christian Liturgy and Sacrament TRS 173 – The Virgin Mary TRS 189 – The Bible & Its Interpretation: Great Themes Thanks, Zach Flanagin, Ph.D. Associate Professor and Chair Department of Theology & Religious Studies Saint Mary's College of California dflanagi@stmarys-ca.edu