Federal Aviation
Administration
Aeronautical Mobile Airport
Communications System
(AeroMACS) Status Briefing
ACP WG-M, Bangkok, Thailand
FAA/Brent Phillips
February 1, 2011
Agenda of Topics
•
Background FCS (AP-17) and resulting PLAs
•
Overview and status of FY10 activities:
• Prototype AeroMACS network in the Cleveland Test Bed
• Spectrum interference results
• Channelization studies.
•
Status of AeroMACS profile development under RTCA
•
Plans for FY11 activities
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
2
Background
•
Future Communications Study (AP-17),
ICAO Aeronautical Communications Panel,
Recommendation #1:
– Develop a new system based on the IEEE
802.16e standard operating in the C-band and
supporting the airport surface environment.
NextGen Implementation Plans (FY09, FY10
& FY11) to improve collaborative Air Traffic
Management includes “New ATM
Requirements: Future Communications”
– Test bed infrastructure to enable validation of
aviation profile
B-AMC
P34/TIA-902
Continental LDL AMACS
B-AMC
P34/TIA-902
LDL
AMACS
Oceanic /
Remote
Inmarsat SBB
Custom
Satellite
Inmarsat SBB
Custom
Satellite
Oceanic /
Remote
Airport
IEEE 802.16e
IEEE 802.16e
Airport
Continental
Custom
Satellite
Communication Roadmap (1 of 4)
SWIM
CY
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
SWIM Segmt. 1 SWIM Segmt. 2
SWIM-Core Services
214
LDRCL
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
SWIM Segmt. 3
X
RCL
X
215
BWM
Telecom
– Concepts of use, preliminary requirements,
and architecture for C-band airport surface
wireless communication system
Europe
AMACS-001rev1
X
DMN
102
NADIN PSN
ANICS
X Discontinued
X25 Service
Users transferred to FTI IP
130
FID
74
FID
ASTI
129
NADIN MSN
NMR
FTI-1
Supporting
Activities
•
Common Shortlist
United
States
X
X
FTI-2
216
Airport
IID
CRDR
497 FID Wireless
217JARD
498
Note: Fixed User Ground Communications as a
Communication
496
component of a Mobile User Communications Network
System
Airport Wireless
Communications
System (R&D Effort)
344
NASA R&D on
airport vehicles
(with ADS-B out)
surface location
345 Inventory Navigation
Time and Frequency
Requirements and Assess
GPS Outage Impact
Approved
AMACS-002rev1
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
3
Potential AeroMACS Service Categories in U.S.
Potential AeroMACS Services
Air Traffic
Mobile
Air Traffic Control
Advisory Services
Fixed
Airline
Airport
Mobile
Mobile
AOC Services
AAC Services
Advisory Services
Port Authority Ops
Safety Services
Fixed
Fixed
Surface CNS
Services
• FAA, FTI, Others?
TBD
Port Authority Ops
Security Services
• ARINC, SITA, Airlines, Others? • Port Authority, Commercial?
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
4
AeroMACS Service Examples and Provision Options
Air Traffic Services
Service Examples
Provision Options
Airline Services
Service Examples
Provision Options






Air traffic control commands beyond Data Comm Segment 3
Surface communications, navigation, and surveillance (CNS) fixed assets
Government-owned (licensed)/Government-operated (GO/GO)
Government-owned (licensed)/Commercially-operated (GO/CO)
Non-competed service extension via FAA Telecommunications Infrastructure (FTI)
Open commercial competition by FAA










Airline Operational Control (AOC)
Airline Administrative Communications (AAC)
Advisory information
System Wide Information Management (SWIM)
Aeronautical Information Management (AIM)
Meteorological (MET) data services
Commercially-owned (licensed)/Commercially-operated (CO/CO)
Non-competed service extension via exiting AOC service providers
Airline service provision internally
Open commercial competition by airlines
Airport Operator/Port Authority Services
Service Examples
Provision Options






Security video
Routine and emergency operations
De-icing/snow removal
Local Government-owned (licensed)/Commercially-operated (GO/CO)
Commercially-owned (licensed)/Commercially-operated (CO/CO)
Open commercial competition by Operator/Port Authority
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
5
AeroMACS NASA-CLE CNS Test Bed
• CNS Test Bed at NASA Glenn and adjacent Cleveland Hopkins
International Airport (CLE) already includes Sensis’ precision
multilateration (MLAT) surveillance and unlicensed WiFi network
• ITT’s AeroMACS prototype implements features required to
support mobile and stationary wideband communications for
safety and regularity of flight services in an operational airport
environment
• Full prototype network has been installed, including user
verification and security with Authentication, Authorization, and
Accounting (AAA) server function
• AeroMACS hardware and network installation completed in
October 2009 with two multi-sector base stations providing wide
area coverage and redundancy (one on Glenn property, one on
CLE) and eight subscriber stations (two on Glenn, six on CLE)
• AeroMACS operational capability established in March 2010
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
6
NASA-Cleveland Test Bed AeroMACS Network Layout
NASA Glenn
Research Center
AZ = 55° °
Subscriber
Stations
AZ = 200°
AZ = 45°
AZ = 295°
AZ = 185°
Core
Server
Base
Stations
Cleveland-Hopkins
International Airport
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
7
Two-Sector Base Station Located at NASA Glenn
Hangar Building 4
GPS ODU
BTS 1-1 ODU
GPS ODU
BTS 1-2 ODU
11 GHz Backhaul ODU
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
8
Three-Sector Base Station Located at CLE
Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting (ARFF) Building
GPS ODUs
ARFF Building and Observation Deck
11 GHz Data
Backhaul
to B110
BS ODUs (3)
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
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Subscriber Station Installation Example on Sensis
MLAT Equipment at NASA Glenn Building 500
Sensis
Multilateration
MLAT Remote Unit
Equipment
ITT AeroMACS
Subscriber Station
Electronics
Enclosure
ITT AeroMACS
Subscriber Station
ODU
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
10
AeroMACS FY10 Evaluations
• Measure data throughput and packet integrity for the following
conditions:
–
–
–
–
5 and 10 MHz channel bandwidths
Stationary and mobile subscriber stations at speeds of at least 40 knots
Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and Non-LOS (N-LOS) propagation links
Presence of adjacent channel activity
• Mobility tests with hand-off transition between base station coverage
sectors and between base stations
• Determine minimum transmit power required to maintain a minimum
level of link performance:
– Single subscriber station antenna
– MIMO antenna diversity
• Characterize link performance when transferring sensor data from
MLAT sensors in test bed
– Mixture of data traffic streams
– Traffic priority setting with Quality of Service (QoS) settings
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
Initial Data Throughput Measurements
Between Buildings 500 and 4
• Initial data throughput measurement results available for links
between NASA Building 500 and two Base Station sectors at NASA
Building 4
– > 6.5 Mbps in Downlink direction (BS to SS)
– > 4 Mbps in Uplink direction (SS to BS)
• Conditions
– 5 MHz Channel bandwidth
– TDD ratio 60% (DL), 40% (UL)
– TCP data traffic
BTS
Sector
BTS1_1
BTS1_2
Measured
Throughput
DL, Mbps
6.82
6.54
Expected DL
Throughput,
Mbps
6.5
6.5
Measured
Throughput
UL, Mbps
5.40
4.19
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
Expected
Throughput
UL, Mbps
4.0
4.0
12
Initial Channelization Methodology/Channel Plan
• Select common channel bandwidths of 5 MHz or 10 MHz, not both
• Proposed channel plan consisting of 11 usable 5 MHz channels
(with stringent channel mask) or 5 usable 10 MHz channels within
the current 59 MHz AM(R)S allocation (5091-5150 MHz)
• Out-of-band (OOB) interference into adjacent aeronautical band
(5030-5091 MHz) may be coordinated via ICAO for 11th 5 MHz
channel
Current AM(R)S Allocation for AeroMACS
Other
Aviation
Allocation
NonAviation
Allocation
5091 MHz
5150 MHz
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
13
Spectrum Interference Initial Assessment
•
Establish limits on aggregated AeroMACS
transmissions to not exceed interference threshold for
MSS feeder links
•
Model based on Visualyse Professional 7 software
from Transfinite Systems Limited
– Includes: antennas, stations, carriers, links, and
interference paths to determined signal, interference,
and noise levels.
– Preliminary model included all 703 US towered airports;
Refined model benchmarks MITRE case for omni
antennas at 497 major US towered airports
Power Flux Density at Low Earth
Orbit from 497 US Airports
– Interference threshold (-157.374 dB) met with maximum
base station transmitted power of 447 mW for 10-MHz
channels and 224 mW for 5-MHz channels
•
Plan to increase complexity and realism of
interference models:
– Multi-sector antennas; multiple base and subscriber
stations per airport; co-channel and adjacent band;
proximity; frequency reuse; multipath signal propagation
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
Acceptable Interference Threshold
for 5 MHz Channels
14
Funded Research Activities in FY11
• Evaluate a selected ATC mobile application on the aeronautical
mobile airport communications system (AeroMACS)
• Investigate and resolve remaining issues affecting the final
AeroMACS profile inputs to the MOPS process
Evaluate and recommend mobile Source Station (SS) MIMO antenna
configurations for mobile SSs
Optimize AeroMACS system-level performance (QoS, data throughput,
latency, error rate) within ITU limitations on radiated power
Resolve channel BW and center frequency spacing plans to satisfy US
and European objectives while preserving Spectrum Office flexibility
and compatibility with WiMAX Forum practices
Validate that the proposed AeroMACS complies with interference
requirements for the US proposed allocation at World
Radiocommunications Conference in 2012.
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
15
RTCA SC-223
• RTCA Program Management Council approved SC-223 in July 2009
for Airport Surface Wireless Communications standard development
– Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System (AeroMACS)
profile is based on IEEE 802.16-2009 standard
– Recent Meetings held:
– 17-18 August 2010 at NASA in Cleveland, Ohio (USA)
– 28-30 September 2010 as joint RTCA-223 and EUROCAE WG-82 at
EUROCONTROL in Brussels
– 16-17 November 2010 at Washington D.C. (USA)
– Next meeting 22-23 Melborne, FL (USA)
– Draft AeroMACS profile complete. Document out for Final
Recommendations and Comments (FRAC).
– Minimum Operational Performance Standard (MOPS) process begins in
February.
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
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Approach for Technical Parameter Profile
•
•
•
System profile define AeroMACS
operation in the unique airport surface
environment
Profile based on IEEE 802.16-2009
broadband mobility standard
Leverages commercial mobile
Worldwide Interoperability for
Microwave Access (WiMAX) for
profiles, hardware, software, and
network architecture
•
Testing, analyses, and demos will
validate that application needs are met
•
RTCA SC-223 is developing FAA
profile recommendations; EUROCAE
WG-82 is developing common profile
for EUROCONTROL in parallel
Profile Area
RF/Radio parameters

Frequency band

Channel BWs

Channel center
frequencies
Power class

Max DL TX power

Max UL TX power
Duplex Mode

TDD/FDD
Physical Layer

M-ary QAM range

Coding options

MIMO
MAC Layer

ARQ

Security protocols

Mobile protocols

QoS options
AeroMACS Status Briefing to ACP WG-M 1 Feb 2011
Key Parameter Selections
5091 to 5150 MHz
5, 10 MHz
Center frequencies at 5 MHz
increments
Unchanged from IEEE
802.16e
TDD
Performance profiles – Min.
performance defined in
802.16e and sensitivity
values scaled for frequency
Unchanged from IEEE
802.16e
17