Comma: Separates two clause –comma and conjunction (FANBOYS)
Semicolon: Separates two clauses – related clauses ;
Colon: Introduces a list
Quotation Marks: Some titles (articles, songs, short stories).
a. Quotations too.
5. Titles:
a. If it is the whole or large thing—a book, movie, TV show, etc. It gets ITALICIZED
b. If it’s a part of a whole—short story, poem, episode title, article—it gets “quotation marks”
6. Adverbs: Adjectives, verbs, adverbs
7. Prepositions: Link words together – time, location, possession, direction (The plane flew ______ the cloud).
8. Conjunctions: Link words or clauses together. (FANBOYS)
9. Interjection: Emotion/Emphasis (WOW!) (AHHH!)
10. Prep Phrases: Start with a prep, end with a noun “to the store”
11. Pronoun Antecedent: and antecedent is a thing that comes before something else.
a. The child went to their (his/her) dance.
12. Pronoun Case: I vs. Me He vs Him
a. “I” if it’s the subject, “me” if it’s the object.
13. Subject / Verb Agreement:
a. They run / He runs
b. Words that end in “body” “one” – always singular
14. Affect – change (verb)
15. Effect – the result (noun)
16. Fewer/Number – you can count it.
17. Less / Amount – Can’t count it.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Term
Setting
Definition
The place where
the events take
place
Examples
Verona, Italy
Term
Simile
Definition
Indirectly connecting
two different things
using “like” or “as”
Examples
He was as tall as
a building.
He sounded like a
hyena when he
laughed
He was a brick
house.
The narrator’s
position in
relation to how
the story is being
told
Main character
whom the story
is about /
Working against
the main
character
Main conflict is
with oneself
1st person (uses
I)
3rd person
narrator isn’t a
character
Romeo vs.
Tybalt
Metaphor
Directly Connecting
two unlike things
NOT using “like” or
“as”
Personification
Giving a non-living
thing human
qualities
The trees danced
in the wind.
Vera’s guilt for
killing Cyril
Hyperbole
A gross (crazy)
exaggeration
External
Conflict
Conflict is with
something
outside the
protagonist.
Parents in “The
Veldt” vs. the
Nursery
Alliteration
Starting words with
the same consonant
sounds
That final review
sheet took a
million years to
finish.
He sat silently
while the summer
solstice slowly
came and went.
Symbolism
Use of a
concrete object
to represent an
abstract idea
“Moon Dust” as
a symbol of
Doug’s dad’s
absence in his
Onomatopoeia
A word formed to
describe a sound
that’s being made
PoV
Protagonist/
Antagonist
Internal
Conflict
Bang!
Boom!
Hoot!
Tick-Tock!
life (“Rocket
Man”
Theme
Irony
Inference
Essential
Question
The main moral
or message of a
story
Technology has
the potential to
hurt others
when we ignore
people in favor
of electronic
devices.
The opposite of
A man who is a
what one expect traffic cop gets
to happens does his license
happen
suspended for
unpaid parking
tickets.
Making
(If this is true…
conclusions or
this must also
forming ideas
be true)
based on known If Vera felt guilt
facts
for Cyril’s death,
she must have
done something
wrong.
Central question What is the
one is asking in
nature of justice
order to research and how should
/ explore an idea it be used?
Pun
A play on words
What time do
dentists love to
schedule their
appointments?
Tooth-hurty.
Allusion
Making a reference
to a piece of
literature, a film, a tv
show
He was struck by
Cupid’s arrow
when he saw her
the first time.
Oxymoron
Two words with
opposite meanings
that describe the
same object.
Jumbo Shimp
Imagery
Use of vivid or
descriptive language
to describe
something.
He whiffed the
aroma of brewed
coffee.
Venn Diagram
Diagram
showing logical
relationship
between two
things
What is similar
and different
about the
Montagues and
the Capulets?