New England:
Commerce and Religion
Many settlers in the New
England colonies –
Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, Connecticut, and
Road Island – made a living
from the sea. The majority of
New Englanders, however, were
farmers.
By the 1700s, the colonies
formed three distinct regions:
the New England, Middle, and
Southern Colonies. Another
area was the Backcountry,
which ran along the
Appalachian Mountains to the
far western part of the other
regions.
Territories in
the Americas
colonized or
claimed by a
European great
power in 1750.
Factors such as climate,
resources, and people made
each colonial region distinct.
New England:
New England had long winters and
rocky soil. English settlers made
up the largest group in this region’s
population.
The Middle Colonies:
The Middle Colonies had shorter
winters and fertile soil. The region
attracted immigrants from all over
Europe.
The Southern Colonies:
The Southern Colonies had a warm
climate and good soil. There, some
settlers used enslaved Africans to
work their plantations.
The Backcountry:
The Backcountry’s climate and
resources varied, depending on the
latitude. Many Scots-Irish
immigrants settled there.
New England
Middle Colonies
Backcountry
Southern Colonies
Most New England farmers
lived near town and practiced
subsistence farming, that is
they produced just enough food
for themselves, and sometimes
a little extra for trading.
Coastal New England cities like
Boston, Salem, New Haven,
and Newport grew rich as a
result of shipbuilding, fishing,
and trade.
New England settlers engaged
in three types of trade: trade
with other colonies, direct trade
with Europe, and triangular
trade.
FOR UNDERSTANDING
______ like Boston, Salem, New
Haven, and Newport grew rich
as a result of______ .
• 1) Southern costal cities shipbuilding, fishing, and
trade
• 3) Coastal New England
cities - shipbuilding,
fishing, and trade
• 2) Farming communities slavery, tobacco, and rum
• 4) Coastal New England
cities - slavery, tobacco,
and triangular trade.
Factors such as ______ made
each colonial region distinct.
• 1) climate, resources, and
people
• 2) socioeconomic status
and birthright
• 3) socioeconomic status,
religion, and country of
origin
• 4) climate, socioeconomic
status, and occupation
Most New England farmers lived
near town and practiced______ .
• 1) subsistence farming
• 3) slave trading
• 2) fishing
• 4) manufacturing
New England settlers engaged in all
of these types of trade except:
• 1) trade with other
colonies
• 3) direct trade with
Europe
• 2) slave trade
• 4) triangular trade
Which distinct East Coast region ran
along the Appalachian Mountains to
the far western part of the other
regions?
• 1) The Backcountry
• 3) The Southern Colonies
• 2) New England
• 4) The Middle Colonies
Triangular trade was the name
given to a trading route with
three stops.
The Navigation Acts of 1651,
were designed to ensure that
England made money from its
colony’s trade.
Provisions of the Navigation Acts:
• All shipping had to
be done in English
ships or ships made
in the English
colonies.
• European imports to
the colonies had to
pass through English
ports.
• English officials were
• Products such as
to tax any colonial
tobacco, wood, and
goods not shipped to
sugar could be sold
only to England or its
England.
colonies.
The Navigation Acts failed to
keep smugglers and pirates like
the infamous Blackbeard from
interfering with colonial
shipping.
Edward Teach
c. 1660 - November 22, 1718
AKA Blackbeard
(18th century lithograph)
Bartholomew “Black Bart” Roberts (1682-1722) at Ouidah with his ship and
captured merchantmen in the background.
The Jolly Roger is the name now given to any of various flags flown to identify the
user as a pirate. The most famous Jolly Roger today is the Skull and Crossbones, a
skull over two long bones set in an X arrangement on a black field. Historically, the
flag was flown to induce pirates' victims to surrender readily.
New England had few slaves
because slavery was
impractical in this region. Of
the few slaves there were, some
were able to buy their freedom.
Because of this, New England
was home to more free blacks
and any other region.
In New England, the Puritan
church weakened considerably
in the early 1700s.
FOR UNDERSTANDING
Which was not a provision of
the Navigation Acts of 1651?
• 1) All non-English
citizens had to pay
stamp tax.
• 3) All shipping had to
be done in English
ships.
• 2) English officials
were to tax any
colonial goods not
shipped to England.
• 4) Products such as
tobacco, wood, and
sugar could be sold
only to England or its
colonies.
New England had few slaves
because slavery was ______ in
this region.
• 1) considered
immoral
• 3) expensive
• 4) impractical
• 2) against Puritan
religion
______ was the name given to a
trading route with three stops.
• 1) Triple trade
• 3) Pyramidal trade
• 2) Triangular trade
• 4) The slave trade
In New England, the ______
church weakened considerably
in the early 1700s.
• 1) Quaker
• 4) Puritan
• 2) Baptist
• 3) Church of
England
The ______ of 1651, were
designed to ensure that
England made money from its
colony’s trade.
• 1) Navigation Acts
• 2) Intolerable Acts
• 3) Free-Trade
Agreement.
• 4) Alliance of Sailors