PSYCHOLOGY
UNIT 4 LESSON2:
DREAMS
OBJECTIVES
 Review the problems with studying dreams
 Differentiate between Freud’s Latent and Manifest dream
content
 Discuss Jung, Hobson and McCarley, and Cartwright’s theories
on dream
 Review the modified portfolio directions for Unit 4 Lesson 2
VOCABULARY
 Manifest dream content
 Latent dream content
 Validity
 Symbolization
DREAMS
 What are the some problems that arise when trying to study
dreams?
PROBLEMS
 Validity-meaning we are basing our knowledge of people’s
dreams on what they remember
 Dream Content-most dreams are of everyday activities
 Dreams do seem to be based on our waking lives-such as stress,
happy moments, or a major event (can be good or bad).
DREAM THEORIES
Freud, Jung, Cartwright, Hobson & McCarley
FREUD ’S THEORIES ON
DREAMS
 Wrote The Interpretation of Dreams
 Freud believed that our dreams held important information to
the material that was hidden in the subconscious mind
 Dreams were a way to act on your wishes
FREUD’S TYPES OF
DREAMS
Manifest Dream Content-what you remember about
the dream
Latent Dream Content-What the dream was actually
about
Through Symbolization the latent (or real) content of
your dreams made into the manifest dream content. For
example, you are on a train riding out of control, and
ready to crash. Freud believes that the latent dream has
nothing to do with a train, but perhaps with your life or
stress. Maybe, you have many lessons to catch up on,
and your stress is building, so it is like a train out of
control.
JUNG THEORIES
 Jung and Freud were friends, but later went through separate
ways due to a difference in opinions.
 Jung found that in his patients there were common dream
symbols that were the same for everyone, no matter the person’s
background.
 Remember Jung believed there are archetypes that we all hold
inside our unconscious
ROSALIND CARTWRIGHT
 Dreams are an escape out of everyday problems or stressors
 We have no constraints on our sleep, we dream about whatever
we like, with out social, moral, or ethnical limitations
 We can act out in ways we couldn’t during waking hours
HOBSON AND MCCARLEY
 Activation Synthesis Model-Dreams are the result of firing of
neural activity in the brain. (think of fireworks)
 The brain is getting neural impulses that are not important or
useful it tries to make sense of them
PSYCHIC DREAMS
 Many scientist do not believe in psychic dreams, and say these
instances are just coincidental
 Many disagree due to the content and details given in the dream
 Example: Abraham Lincoln
LINCOLN’S DREAM
 Abraham Lincoln -About ten days ago, I retired very late. I soon
began to dream. There seemed to be a death-like stillness about me.
Then I heard subdued sobs, as if a number of people were weeping. I
thought I left my bed and wandered downstairs. There the silence was
broken by the same pitiful sobbing, but the mourners were invisible. I
went from room to room. No living person was in sight, but the same
mournful sounds met me as I passed alone. I was puzzled and alarmed.
Determined to find the cause of a state of things so mysterious and
shocking, I kept on until I arrived at the East Room. Before me was a ...
corpse wrapped in funeral vestments. Around it were stationed soldiers
who were acting as guards; and there was a throng or people, some
gazing mournfully upon the corpse, whose face was covered, others
weeping pitifully. "Who is dead in the White House?" I demanded of
one of the soldiers. "The president," was his answer. "He was killed by
an assassin.
 The dream was reported by Lincoln’s long time friend, Ward Hill
Lamon, according to Lamon the dream was only a few days prior to the
assignation of President Lincoln.