The Status of African Americans in
New Mexico 2013: Doña Ana County
A Report to the New Mexico Office of African American Affairs
January, 2014
Table of Contents
• Introduction, Data Availability
• Demographics of Dona Ana County
• Education
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Economics
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•
Unemployment Rates
Median Household Income
Population below the federal poverty line
Owner to Renter Ratio
Risk and Resiliency Factors
–
2
Math and Reading Proficiencies
High School Graduation Rates
Postsecondary Education
Graduation from Postsecondary Education
Types of degrees awarded
High School
• Health Issues
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Overview
Children without health insurance coverage
Adult binge drinkers
Adult current smokers
Adults no physical activity
Diabetes
High blood pressure
High cholesterol
Adolescent Births
Percentage of births with no prenatal care
Heart deaths
HIV deaths
Introduction
• This report represents a follow-up to a 2012 presentation on the
status of African Americans across New Mexico.
• The data in the original report has been updated where possible
(see Table 1).
• This report focuses primarily on Doña Ana County, New Mexico, and
where possible, county-specific data has been used. However, due
to small population numbers, much of the data in this report is for
the entire state and not just Doña Ana County.
• One of our most important findings is that important data on the
status of African Americans in New Mexico ranges from easily
accessible to non-existent.
• One of our most important recommendations is that the NM OAAA
develop and keep a current and comprehensive database that can
be used effectively in advocacy and policy related to African
Americans in New Mexico.
3
Data Availability: Table 1
Source
Indicator
Aggregation
Unit
Current
Version
Previous
Version
2011
2009
1. YRRS Risk and Resiliency Data, High School
State - Level; Disaggregated
NM
Statistically significant differences between African American
and Caucasian students.
Previous version presented aggregated data at the county
level. We now present disaggregated data at the state level.
2. New Mexico Department of Health, IBIS; Centers for Disease Control; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
Binge Drinking
BMI 25+
Current Smoker
Diabetes
No Physical Activity
High BP
High Cholesterol
NM
2011
2006-10
US
NM
US
NM
US
NM
US
NM
US
NM
NM
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
2006-10
BRFSS changed their survey methodologies in the 2011 survey. As a result, data from
2010 and before are not comparable to 2011 data. Because we only have one year of
data, counts/estimates are too small to provide statistically reliable data at the county
level as was done in the previous report.
4
Data Availability: Table 1
Source
Indicator
Aggregation
Unit
Current
Version
Previous
Version
NM
2007-11
2006-10
3. New Mexico Department of Health, IBIS - Vital Statistics
Births to 15-17 Year Olds per
100K
Heart_Deaths_Per_1000
HIV_DeathsPer_100K
No_PreN_Perc
NM
2011
2006-10
NM
2007-11
2006-10
NM
2007-11
2006-10
These numbers have been updated to the most recent five year window of available data.
The two windows are not comparable. Where possible, rates for only 2011 are included to
present the most recent estimates. Data are generally too sparse to be able to look at
county-level data in a statistically meaningful way.
4. District Data From New Mexico Public Education Department
Graduation Rates
3/8/11 Math/Reading SBA Exam
District
District
2012
2013
2011
2011
Population
2007-11
2010
Median Income
Unemployment
Below FPL
Own : Rent
No Health Insurance: Total
No Health Insurance: Children
2007-11
2007-11
2007-11
2007-11
2009-11
2009-11
2005-10
2005-10
2005-10
2005-10
5. Census Data: County and Tract
# in homeless shelters*
# in correctional facilities*
# in juvenile facilities*
5
Only County
Only County
2010
2010
2010
*Groups quarters data are only available from the decennial census. As a
result, these data have not been updated.
Data Availability: Table 1
Source
Indicator
Aggregation
unit
Current
Version
Previous
Version
6. National Center for Education Statistics Integrated Post Secondary Education Data System (IPEDS)
7. Office of Civil Rights
Reporting
Enrollment
NM
2011-12
Completion
NM
2011-12
2009-10
ACT/SAT/AP Data
2009-10
Students enrolled in Gifted
programs
2009-10
New data have not been made available since first report.
6
Why Does Data Matter in Policy and Advocacy?
• Data provides us with insight into the education, health, and
economic issues facing New Mexico’s children, families and
communities.
• Data provides us with a basis for advocacy and enable partnerships
to come to consensus on pragmatic ways to address critical
challenges including disparities in racial, cultural, economic, and
political equality.
• Data enables us to ask better questions about the challenges we
face; the laws, regulations, budgets, programs and policies we pass;
and the barriers that keeps us from working collaboratively.
• Data helps us prioritize limited resources by identifying where our
citizens are most in need, how our sources of support are deployed,
and where the gaps remain.
• Data helps us hold each other accountable by tracking the outcomes
that matter and by providing fair and independent information that
people of good will can use to strengthen their efforts.
7
DOÑA ANA COUNTY
Demographics
8
African Americans in Doña Ana County, New Mexico
General Demographics:
Percent of County Population: 2.1%
Number of Persons: 4,503
Median Income: $32,168
Unemployment: 12%
Below poverty line: 18.2%
Ratio of Home Owners to Renters: .79
Largest Population: Las Cruces, New Mexico
9
Population data from U.S. Census Dona Ana County Quick Facts. Other data from
2007-2011 ACS 5-year estimate.
African Americans in New Mexico Counties
(2010 Census)
Less than 1.8%
1.8 - 5.0%
5.1 - 10.0%
Greater than 10%
10
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census.
African Americans in Doña Ana County Communities by Census Block Group
0% - 3.7%
3.7% - 14.1%
14.1% - 25.7%
11
Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. B01001: Sex By Age.
African Americans in Las Cruces by Census Block Group
0% - 3.7%
3.7% - 14.1%
14.1% - 25.7%
12
Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. B01001: Sex By Age.
K-12 Enrollment by Ethnicity, Doña Ana County Public Schools,
2010-2011 School Year
2%
LAS CRUCES PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Native American
Asian
Hispanic
HATCH VALLEY PUBLIC SCHOOLS
African American
White
GADSDEN INDEPENDENT SCHOOLS
0%
13
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Source: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD),
"Local Education Agency (School District) Universe Survey", 2010-11 v.2a.
DOÑA ANA COUNTY
Education: Standards Based Assessment
14
A Note on the Standards Based Assessment (SBA) Data
• Because of small numbers, data on the SBA examination for
African Americans is only available for 9 New Mexico school
districts.
• Data is reported for Las Cruces Public Schools in Doña Ana
County, which is shown in the next slides, in comparison with
other New Mexico districts and the state overall.
• There are a total of 626 African American students enrolled in
Las Cruces Public Schools.
15
SBA Proficiencies by Grade and Ethnicity, 2013
Las Cruces Public School District and the State of New Mexico
Math
8th Grade Math
3rd Grade Math
11th Grade Math
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
60.0%
60.0%
60.0%
40.0%
40.0%
Las Cruces 40.0%
Las Cruces
20.0%
Statewide 20.0%
0.0%
Statewide
Las Cruces
20.0%
Statewide
0.0%
0.0%
African Caucasian Hispanic
American
African Caucasian Hispanic
American
African Caucasian Hispanic
American
Reading
3rd Grade Reading
80.0%
100.0%
80.0%
60.0%
Las Cruces 40.0%
Statewide 20.0%
0.0%
60.0%
40.0%
20.0%
0.0%
African Caucasian Hispanic
American
16
8th Grade Reading
11th Grade Reading
80.0%
60.0%
Las Cruces
Statewide
40.0%
Las Cruces
20.0%
Statewide
0.0%
African Caucasian Hispanic
American
African Caucasian Hispanic
American
Source: NM PED. Standards Based Assessment (SBA). 2013.
Note: “Caucasian – African-American Gap” derived as Caucasian percentage minus the African-American Percentage.
Percentage of 3rd Grade Students Proficient and Above in Math,
By Race and School District
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Alamogordo
African American/Caucasian Disparity
Albuquerque
African
American Caucasian GAP
Carlsbad
Las Cruces
30.4%
67.2%
36.8%
Statewide
47.7%
66.0%
18.2%
Alamogordo
51.3%
64.7%
13.4%
Albuquerque
43.3%
71.0%
27.7%
Carlsbad
54.5%
66.0%
11.5%
Clovis
57.4%
70.7%
13.3%
Farmington
40.0%
59.5%
19.5%
Hobbs
45.7%
71.8%
26.1%
Rio Rancho
60.4%
68.2%
7.8%
Roswell
76.5%
68.2%
-8.3%
Clovis
Farmington
Hobbs
Las Cruces
Rio Rancho
Roswell
Statewide
African American
17
Caucasian
American Indian
Hispanic
Source: NM PED. Standards Based Assessment (SBA). 2013.
Note: “Caucasian – African-American Gap” derived as Caucasian percentage minus the African-American Percentage.
Percentage of 3rd Grade Students Proficient and Above in Reading,
By Race and School District
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Alamogordo
African American/Caucasian Disparity
Albuquerque
African
American Caucasian
GAP
Carlsbad
Las Cruces
52.2%
72.5%
20.3%
Statewide
56.6%
71.1%
14.4%
Farmington
Alamogordo
43.6%
61.7%
18.1%
Hobbs
Albuquerque
52.1%
75.4%
23.3%
Carlsbad
63.6%
72.7%
9.1%
Clovis
59.6%
73.8%
14.2%
Farmington
60.0%
69.9%
9.9%
Hobbs
60.0%
66.8%
6.8%
Rio Rancho
77.4%
76.5%
-0.9%
Roswell
52.9%
66.7%
13.8%
Clovis
Las Cruces
Rio Rancho
Roswell
Statewide
African American
18
Caucasian
American Indian
Hispanic
Source: NM PED. Standards Based Assessment (SBA). 2013.
Note: “Caucasian – African-American Gap” derived as Caucasian percentage minus the African-American Percentage.
Percentage of 8th Grade Students Proficient and Above in Math,
By Race and School District
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
African American/Caucasian Disparity
Alamogordo
African
American Caucasian
Albuquerque
Carlsbad
Las Cruces
Clovis
Farmington
GAP
45.2%
57.0%
11.8%
Statewide
33.3%
58.6%
25.3%
Alamogordo
31.4%
65.5%
34.1%
Albuquerque
30.1%
62.5%
32.4%
Carlsbad
30.0%
48.1%
18.1%
Clovis
46.9%
65.9%
19.0%
Farmington
18.2%
44.4%
26.2%
Hobbs
25.7%
55.6%
29.9%
Los Lunas
28.6%
51.3%
22.7%
Rio Rancho
37.0%
66.6%
29.6%
Roswell
36.4%
68.6%
32.2%
Hobbs
Las Cruces
Los Lunas
Rio Rancho
Roswell
Statewide
African American
19
Caucasian
American Indian
Hispanic
Source: NM PED. Standards Based Assessment (SBA). 2013.
Note: “Caucasian – African-American Gap” derived as Caucasian percentage minus the African-American Percentage.
Percentage of 8th Grade Students Proficient and Above in Reading,
By Race and School District
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
African American/Caucasian Disparity
Alamogordo
African
American Caucasian
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
Carlsbad
Clovis
GAP
61.9%
78.0%
16.1%
Statewide
53.9%
75.4%
21.5%
Alamogordo
51.4%
80.4%
29.0%
Albuquerque
57.1%
79.2%
22.1%
Carlsbad
54.5%
71.6%
17.1%
Clovis
63.3%
80.3%
17.0%
Farmington
45.5%
71.1%
25.6%
Hobbs
34.3%
64.4%
30.1%
Los Lunas
35.7%
71.7%
36.0%
Rio Rancho
53.7%
76.3%
22.6%
Roswell
45.5%
79.4%
33.9%
Farmington
Hobbs
Las Cruces
Los Lunas
Rio Rancho
Roswell
Statewide
African American
20
Caucasian
American Indian
Hispanic
Source: NM PED. Standards Based Assessment (SBA). 2013.
Note: “Caucasian – African-American Gap” derived as Caucasian percentage minus the African-American Percentage.
Percentage of 11th Grade Students Proficient and Above in Math,
By Race and School District
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
African American/Caucasian Disparity
Alamogordo
African
American Caucasian
Albuquerque
Las Cruces
GAP
38.6%
63.5%
24.9%
Clovis
Statewide
30.4%
59.3%
28.9%
Hobbs
Alamogordo
21.2%
59.3%
38.1%
Albuquerque
30.1%
63.4%
33.3%
Clovis
25.0%
54.3%
29.3%
Hobbs
26.9%
50.3%
23.4%
Los Lunas
41.7%
39.2%
-2.5%
Rio Rancho
44.2%
70.3%
26.1%
Roswell
18.2%
61.3%
43.1%
Las Cruces
Los Lunas
Rio Rancho
Roswell
Statewide
African American
21
Caucasian
American Indian
Hispanic
Source: NM PED. Standards Based Assessment (SBA). 2013.
Note: “Caucasian – African-American Gap” derived as Caucasian percentage minus the African-American Percentage.
Percentage of 11th Grade Students Proficient and Above in Reading,
By Race and School District
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
African American/Caucasian Disparity
Alamogordo
Row Labels
African
American
Caucasian
GAP
Las Cruces
55.6%
72.0%
16.4%
Statewide
52.1%
71.1%
19.0%
Hobbs
Alamogordo
48.5%
74.4%
25.9%
Las Cruces
Albuquerque
51.9%
74.5%
22.6%
Clovis
40.0%
64.1%
24.1%
Hobbs
40.7%
58.9%
18.2%
Los Lunas
50.0%
56.8%
6.8%
Rio Rancho
67.3%
81.8%
14.5%
Roswell
63.6%
66.1%
2.5%
Albuquerque
Clovis
Los Lunas
Rio Rancho
Roswell
Statewide
African American
22
Caucasian
American Indian
Hispanic
Source: NM PED. Standards Based Assessment (SBA). 2013.
Note: “Caucasian – African-American Gap” derived as Caucasian percentage minus the African-American Percentage.
Change in SBA Scores, 2011-12 to 2012-13 School Years:
Las Cruces Public Schools, African American Students
2011-2012
% Proficient
2012-2013
% Proficient
Percentage
Change
Reading
51%
52.2%
2.3%
Math
38.8%
30.4%
-21.6%
Reading
35.3%
61.9%
75.4%
Math
41.2%
45.2%
9.7%
Reading
40%
55.6%
39%
Math
28.4%
38.6%
36%
Assessment Area
(number of students
tested 2012, 2013)
3rd Grade
8th Grade
11th Grade
23
Source: NM PED. Standards Based Assessment (SBA), 2011-2012, 2012-2013.
Note: Percentage change is the change between years as a percentage of the 2011-2012
proficiency rate.
DOÑA ANA COUNTY
Education: Graduation Rates
24
4-Year High School Graduation Rates, 2012 Cohort
0
20
40
60
80
African American/Caucasian Disparity
African
American
Caucasian
GAP
Las Cruces
75.6%
82.5%
6.9%
Statewide
69.3%
77.2%
7.9%
Alamogordo
79.35%
82.4%
3.1%
Albuquerque
62.7%
74.6%
11.9%
Clovis
81.1%
86.8%
5.7%
Farmington
81.3%
76%
-5.3%
Hobbs
78.4%
78.9%
0.5%
81%
83%
2%
56.2%
73.2%
17%
100
Alamogordo
Albuquerque
Clovis
Farmington
Hobbs
Las Cruces
Rio Rancho
Rio Rancho
Roswell
Roswell
In 2011, the graduation rate of
African American students in Las
Cruces was 71.6%.
In 2012 It was 75.6%.
Statewide
African American
25
Caucasian
American Indian
Hispanic
Source: NM PED. 2012. Note: “Caucasian – African-American Gap” derived as Caucasian percentage minus the
African-American Percentage.
Change in African American High School Graduation Rate:
2010-2011 to 2011-2012
90.0%
80.0%
81.1%
79.7% 79.3%
81.3%
81.0%
78.4%
76.2%
75.6%
74.7%
71.6%
71.5%
70.0%
62.7%
60.0%
60.7%
60.9%
56.2%
55.5%
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
Alamogordo Albuquerque
Clovis
Farmington
Hobbs
Las Cruces
Rio Rancho
Roswell
2010-2011
2011-2012
26
Source: NM PED 2010-2011, 2011-2012.
DOÑA ANA COUNTY
Postsecondary Education
27
A Note on the Postsecondary Education Data
• Data on post-secondary enrollment and graduation comes from the
National Center for Education Statistics Integrated Postsecondary
Education Data System (IPEDS).
• This data is collected from institutions of higher education in New
Mexico but includes all students, not just students from New Mexico.
28
Major Dona Ana County Institutions of Higher Education:
New Mexico State University (NMSU) and Dona Ana Community College (DACC)
Enrollment and Completion
African American Enrollment at NMSU in 2012:
512 African American Students
2.9% of total enrollment
Degrees Awarded to African Americans at
NMSU in 2012:
2.3% of bachelor’s degrees (76 total)
1.8% of master’s degrees
2.9% of doctor’s degrees
African American Enrollment at DACC in 2012:
216 African American Students
2.3% of total enrollment
Degrees and Certificates Awarded to
African Americans at DACC in 2012:
27 Degrees and Certificates
2.2% of all degrees and certificates
29
Source: IPEDS Data Center > Custom Data Files > Enrollments by race, ethnicity, gender 2012;
Completions/number of students receiving awards/degrees by race/ethnicity and gender 7/1/20016/30/2012. Massage Therapy Training Institute did not report degree awards.
Major Dona Ana County Institutions of Higher Education:
New Mexico State University (NMSU) and Dona Ana Community College (DACC)
African American Student Organizations and Facts
NMSU African Unity Club
NMSU Black Student Association
NMSU Gospel Choir
NMSU Chapter: National Society of Black Engineers
NMSU Chapter: Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity
NMSU Chapter: Zeta Phi Beta Sorority
NMSU’s Black Programs won the Insight from Diversity Higher
Education Excellence Award in 2012
NMSU’s Clara Belle Williams Hall is named for the first African
American student to graduate from NMSU in 1937
30
Source: New Mexico State University website http://www.nmsu.edu/~blackpro/campus-life.html.
Postsecondary Institutions: African American Enrollment > 5%
of Institution Total
Institution
Doña Ana
County
31
Number of African
American
Students
Percent of Total
Students
Olympian University of Cosmetology
269
20.2%
University of the Southwest
102
16.2%
New Mexico Military Institute
59
13.4%
Pima Medical Institute
2
7.0%
New Mexico Highlands Univ.
215
6.1%
DeWollff College Hair Styling
7
6.0%
New Mexico Junior College
181
5.8%
Massage Therapy Training Institute
2
5.7%
National American University
Albuquerque (2 locations)
51
5.8%
Santa Fe University of Art and Design
25
5.7%
Southwest Acupuncture College-Santa
Fe
3
5.1%
Source: IPEDS Data Center > Custom Data Files > Enrollment by race/ethnicity and gender, Fall 2011.
Note: These numbers include all post-secondary degree granting institutions in New Mexico (n=53).
Enrollments at All New Mexico Postsecondary Degree Granting
Institutions Fall, 2011
45.0%
42.1%
40.0%
36.1%
35.0%
30.0%
25.0%
20.0%
15.0%
9.0%
10.0%
6.2%
5.0%
0.2%
1.6%
1.7%
Asian
Two or more
Races
3.1%
0.0%
Hawaiian
Pacific
32
African
American
Unknown
American
Indian
White
Hispanic
Source: IPEDS Data Center > Custom Data Files > Enrollment by race/ethnicity and gender, Fall 2011.
Note: These numbers include all post-secondary degree granting institutions in New Mexico (n=53).
Postsecondary Institutions:
African American Enrollment > 5% of Institution Total
33
6-Year Graduation Rates from 2- and 4-Year New Mexico Public
Postsecondary Institutions by Ethnic Group, 2010-2011
50.0%
45.0%
40.0%
35.0%
30.0%
American Indian
Asian
25.0%
African American
Hispanic
20.0%
Caucasian
15.0%
10.0%
5.0%
0.0%
2-Year Instituitions
34
4-Year Institutions
Source:IPEDS Data Center > Custom Data Files > Graduation Rates/Graduation rate data, 150% of normal time to
complete - cohort year 2005 (4-year) and cohort year 2008 (2-year) institutions. Note: These numbers include all public
post-secondary degree granting institutions in New Mexico.
Number of Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded to African American students
by New Mexico Institutions, by Major, SY 2011-12
Business, Management,
Marketing, And Related
Support Services, 37
Other, 46
Liberal Arts And Sciences,
General Studies And
Humanities, 25
Family And Consumer
Sciences/Human Sciences, 7
Engineering, 8
Visual And Performing Arts, 8
Social Sciences, 24
Biological And Biomedical
Sciences, 13
Homeland Security, Law
Enforcement, Firefighting
And Related Protective
Education, 14
Services, 13
35
Health Professions And
Related Programs, 17
Psychology, 17
Source: IPEDS Data Center > Custom Data Files > Completions/Awards/degrees conferred by program (CIP), award
level, race/ethnicity, and gender: July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012. Note: These numbers include all post-secondary
degree granting institutions in New Mexico.
Associate’s Degrees Awarded to African American students by New
Mexico Institutions, by Major, SY 2011-12
Other
15%
Computer And Information
Sciences And Support Services
3%
Mechanic And Repair
Technologies/Technicians
3%
Liberal Arts And Sciences,
General Studies And
Humanities
47%
Engineering Technologies And
Engineering-Related Fields
4%
Homeland Security, Law
Enforcement, Firefighting And
Related Protective Services
4%
Business, Management,
Marketing, And Related
Support Services
8%
Health Professions And Related
Programs
16%
36
Source: IPEDS Data Center > Custom Data Files > Completions/Awards/degrees conferred by program (CIP), award
level, race/ethnicity, and gender: July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012. Note: These numbers include all post-secondary
degree granting institutions in New Mexico.
Certificates/Awards granted to African American students by New
Mexico Institutions, by Major, SY 2011-12
Engineering Technologies And
Engineering-Related Fields
3%
Construction Trades
2%
Other
7%
Computer And Information
Sciences And Support Services
3%
Transportation And
Materials Moving
3%
Personal And Culinary Services
47%
Mechanic And Repair
Technologies/Technicians
4%
Business, Management,
Marketing, And Related
Support Services
9%
Health Professions And Related
Programs
22%
37
Source: IPEDS Data Center > Custom Data Files > Completions/Awards/degrees conferred by program (CIP), award
level, race/ethnicity, and gender: July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012. Note: These numbers include all post-secondary
degree granting institutions in New Mexico.
DOÑA ANA COUNTY
Economics
38
African Americans in Doña Ana County, New Mexico
Economic Data: Comparisons by Ethnic Groups and
Geography
African
American
Median
Income
Unemployment
Below Federal
Poverty Line
Own To Rent
Ratio
39
Caucasian Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
$35,635
$39,386
$32,168
$57,597
$53,454
$50,712
$41,965
$36,942
$30,225
$37,511
$33,835
$32,799
$70,815
$55,591
$50,804
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
15%
8.9%
12%
7.2%
6%
8.4%
10.6%
9.5%
11.6%
14.8%
13.3%
20.6%
6.9%
7.9%
12.9%
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
25.8%
22.5%
18.2%
9.9%
10.7%
12.5%
23.2%
24.1%
32%
27%
31.4%
27.6%
11.7%
12.7%
14.5%
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
0.83
0.84
0.79
2.73
2.71
2.34
0.93
2.09
1.81
1.20
1.74
1.27
1.42
1.76
.88
Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.
Unemployment Rate, By Race
25
20
15
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
10
5
0
African American
Geography
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
40
Caucasian
Total
8.7%
8.2%
10.7%
American Indian
African American
15%
8.9%
12%
Caucasian
7.2%
6%
8.4%
Hispanic
American Indian
14.8%
13.3%
20.6%
Asian
Hispanic
10.6%
9.5%
11.6%
Asian
6.9%
7.9%
12.9%
Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. S2301: Employment Status.
African American Unemployment Rate by County
0% - 5.4%
5.5% - 18.7%
18.8% - 34.7%
34.8% - 96%
No Data
41
Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. S2301: Employment Status.
Median Household Income, By Race
$80,000
$70,000
$60,000
$50,000
United States
$40,000
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
$30,000
$20,000
$10,000
$0
African American
Geography
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
42
Caucasian
American Indian
African American
$35,635
$39,386
$32,168
Hispanic
Caucasian
$57,597
$53,454
$50,712
Asian
American Indian
$37,511
$33,835
$32,799
Hispanic
$41,965
$36,942
$30,225
Asian
$70,815
$55,591
$50,804
Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. S1903: Median Income in the Past 12 Months (in
2011 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars).
African American Median Household Income By County
$0 - $9,829.00
$9,829.01 - $26,966.00
$26,966.01 - $48,750.00
$48,750.01 - $68,949.00
No Data
43
Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. S1903: Median Income in the Past 12 Months (in
2011 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars).
Percentage of Population Below the Federal Poverty Level, By Race
35
30
25
20
United States
New Mexico
15
Doña Ana County
10
5
0
African American
Geography
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
44
Caucasian
African American
25.8%
22.5%
18.2%
American Indian
Caucasian
9.9%
10.7%
12.5%
Hispanic
American Indian
27%
31.4%
27.6%
Asian
Hispanic
23.2%
24.1%
32%
Asian
11.7%
12.7%
14.5%
Source: : 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. S1701: Poverty Status in the Past 12 Months.
African Americans Below 100% of Federal Poverty Level, By County
0% - 5.3%
5.4% - 31.8%
31.9% - 66.7%
66.8% - 100%
No Data
45
Source: : 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. S1701: Poverty Status in the Past 12 Months.
Own to Rent Ratio, By Race
3.00
2.50
2.00
United States
1.50
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
1.00
0.50
0.00
African American
Geography
United States
New Mexico
Doña Ana County
46
Caucasian
American Indian
African American
0.83
0.84
0.79
Caucasian
2.73
2.71
2.34
Hispanic
American Indian
1.20
1.74
1.27
Asian
Hispanic
0.93
2.09
1.81
Asian
1.42
1.76
0.88
Source: : 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. B25003 (b,d,c,h,i): Tenure.
African American Owner to Renter Ratio, By County
47
Source: : 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. B25003 (b,d,c,h,i): Tenure.
NEW MEXICO
Risk and Resiliency Factors: New Mexico High
School Students
48
Risk Factors: Drug Use, High School
African
American
Caucasian Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
Current marijuana use
35.6%
22%
25.1%
38.7%
32.6%
Current cocaine use
11.5%
3.2%
4.5%
6.9%
8.6%
Lifetime heroin use
12.2%
2.9%
3.9%
5.5%
11.6%
I know at least one adult who used
drugs in the past year
68.5%
52.6%
63%
66.4%
56.4%
Know an adult who sold drugs in
the past year
51.1%
30.4%
44.4%
47.4%
40.1%
49
Source: New Mexico Department of Health. Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey (YRRS). 2011 High School Survey.
Risk Factors: School-Related Behaviors, High School
African
American
Caucasian Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
Skipped school due to safety issues in the
past 30 days
13.8%
6.2%
8.1%
5.9%
18.4%
Skipped school at least once a week
27.2%
11%
15.7%
15%
16.2%
I often do things without thinking about
what will happen
48.8%
32.7%
40.1%
44.2%
41.9%
My friends get into a lot of trouble
31.7%
19.4%
23.1%
26.4%
32.2%
Most or all close friends drink alcohol
once a week or more
15.7%
7.2%
9.4%
11.2%
10.7%
51%
37.9%
51.2%
55.5%
44.5%
20.7%
10%
13.9%
18.2%
19.8%
Ever had sexual intercourse
Not enough food to eat
50
Source: New Mexico Department of Health. Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey (YRRS). 2011 High School Survey.
Risk Factors: Support, High School
African
American
Caucasian Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
In my home, a parent or other adult is interested in my
school work
68%
83.1%
75.6%
71.2%
69.7%
In my home, a parent or other adult talks with me about
my problems
53.3%
66.3%
56.8%
51.5%
55.8%
In my home, a parent or other adult listens to me
64.1%
77.1%
69.4%
64.3%
62.5%
In my home, a parent or other adult expects me to
follow the rules
75.7%
90.5%
86.5%
82.2%
79.1%
In my home, a parent or other adult believes I will be a
success
75.9%
88.9%
84.7%
84.3%
76.9%
When I'm not home, my parent or guardian knows
where I am and who I'm with
68.9%
82.5%
80.2%
74.5%
73.7%
My family has clear rules and standards for my behavior
75.3%
86.2%
83.3%
79.6%
71.9%
51
Source: New Mexico Department of Health. Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey (YRRS). 2011 High School Survey.
Risk Factors: Support, High School
African
American
Caucasian Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
At my school, a teacher or other adult notices when I'm
not there
62.7%
71.8%
66.1%
59.2%
62.6%
60%
71%
64.5%
61.1%
57.4%
80.7%
87.4%
83.6%
80.3%
78.7%
I have a friend about my own age who helps me when
I'm having a hard time
72%
81.7%
79.6%
74.8%
72.6%
I plan to go to college or some other school after high
school
81.7%
89.6%
85.6%
85.6%
81.1%
70.9%
78.6%
71.2%
68.3%
67.2%
At my school, a teacher or other adult who listens to me
I have a friend about my own age who really cares about
me
My friends do well in school
52
Source: New Mexico Department of Health. Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey (YRRS). 2011 High School Survey.
NEW MEXICO
Health
53
African Americans in New Mexico:
Health Challenges Overview
A recent New Mexico Department of Health Report (2012) assigned disparity
grades based on differences in health outcomes for New Mexico ethnic groups.
Grades of ‘D’ and ‘F’ denote areas for major or urgent interventions based on
disparities between African Americans and other groups. The following are
among the findings:
• African Americans have by far the highest rates of HIV infections and infant
mortality in the state compared with all other ethnic groups (‘F’ grade).
• African American teens give birth at a higher rate than some other groups
(‘D’ grade). However, in Doña Ana County, the birth rate for African
American teens decreased by 44% between 2000-2010*.
• African Americans have higher rates of obesity than all groups except Native
Americans (‘F’ grade).
• African Americans have higher rates of Hepatitis B than some other groups
(‘F’ grade).
• African Americans have higher rates of death by homicide than most other
groups (‘F’ grade).
54
Source: New Mexico Department of Health (2012). Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report
Card, 7th Edition. Office of Health Equity, Office of Policy and Accountability, Santa Fe. *New Mexico
Department of Health IBIS website, Dona Ana Community highlight report.
Prenatal Care - Late or No Care 2009-2011: Rate per 100
United States
27.9
New Mexico
32.2
White
25.8
Hispanic
32.5
Asian/Pacific Islanders
25.1
American Indian
45.3
African-American
33
0
55
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
Infant Mortality 2009-2011: Rate per 1000
United States
6.1
New Mexico
5.3
White
3.9
Hispanic
5.4
Asian/Pacific Islanders
6.4
American Indian
6.3
African-American
14
0
56
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
Teen Births Ages 15-17 2009-2011: Rate per 1000
United States
17.3
New Mexico
29.5
White
12.1
Hispanic
42.2
Asian/Pacific Islanders
8.6
American Indian
30.1
African-American
22.8
0
57
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
Children Without Health Insurance
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
United States
25%
New Mexico
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
African American
Geography
58
Caucasian
Hispanic
American Indian
Asian
African American
Caucasian
Hispanic
American Indian
Asian
United States
13.5%
10.9%
26.5%
35.3%
14.6%
New Mexico
9.7%
9.8%
19.1%
45.9%
9.4%
Source: 2009-2011 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates. S27001 (b,c,d,h,i): Health Insurance Coverage
Status by Race/Ethnicity. NOTE: Disaggregated data not available at the county level.
Diabetes Deaths 2009-2011: Rate per 100,000
United States
20.9
New Mexico
27.8
White
18.7
Hispanic
38.4
Asian/Pacific Islanders
22.48
American Indian
64
African-American
38.2
0
59
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
Obesity Among Adults 2011: Rate per 100
United States
27.8
New Mexico
26.6
White
22.6
Hispanic
29.9
Asian/Pacific Islanders
5.3
American Indian
35.3
African-American
23.9
0
60
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
Obesity Among Youth 2011: Rate per 100
United States
13
New Mexico
12.8
White
9.5
Hispanic
11.3
Asian/Pacific Islanders
14.6
American Indian
21.3
African-American
12
0
61
5
10
15
20
25
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
HIV Infections 2009-2011: Rate per 100,000
United States
16.1
New Mexico
8.9
White
4.4
Hispanic
8.2
Asian/Pacific Islanders
1.7
American Indian
11
African-American
17.7
0
62
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
Smoking Among Adults 2011: Rate per 100
United States
21.2
New Mexico
21.7
White
20.5
Hispanic
22.8
Asian/Pacific Islanders
15.8
American Indian
21.5
African-American
29.3
0
63
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
Alcohol Related Deaths 2009-2011: Rate per 100,000
United States
27.6
New Mexico
50.8
White
38.7
Hispanic
56.9
Asian/Pacific Islanders
16.3
American Indian
97.3
African-American
33.5
0
64
20
40
60
80
100
120
New Mexico Department of Health's Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Report Card, 7th Edition, September 2012
For More Information
Amy Ballard, M.S.
aballard@unm.edu
Peter Winograd, Ph.D.
peterwin@unm.edu
Jason Timm, M.S.
Larry Heard, M.S.
Center for Education Policy Research
The University of New Mexico
http://cepr.unm.edu
65